Educating Girls Is a Real Lifesaver
Clare Short knows it. Every developing economist knows it. The World Bank knows it. The education of girls is the surest way to reduce poverty.
The reason is simple. All the evidence shows that taking girls out of the fields and homes, and putting them behind desks, raises economic productivity, lowers infant and maternal(產(chǎn)婦) death rates, reduces birth rates, and improves environmental management.
Why, then, are 90 million primary school-age girls around the world not in school? For the same reason that when Charles Dickens was writing David Copperfield 150 years ago girls were absent from the British education system: Men in power mostly prefer it that way, or are not interested enough in changing the situation to commit energy and money to doing so.
The countries with the poorest record for having women in positions of power or influence have the worst figures for girls’ education. High-profile intervention(介入) by organizations such as the World Bank has begun successfully with several countries, and more of the same will probably be needed to bring change in conservative, male-run states.
Even if there were no development payoff from gender equality in schools, the education of girls would still be a cause worth fighting for. Education is a human right, and the denial of it to girls is a scar on the community in the twenty-first century.
To be born a girl in a rural area in Nepal, Pakistan, Indonesia, Morocco, Togo, or Sudan — half a dozen of the most shameful performers — means being condemned to a life without school, education, or clean water, marriage and babies coming too early, too many births, children who die of preventable diseases, backbreaking work in the fields, subordination(從屬) to husband and his family, and an early death.
Every year, almost 12 million children under the age of five needlessly die of infectious diseases associated with poverty. But each additional year spent by their mothers in primary school lowers the risk of premature child deaths by about 8 percent. In Pakistan, an extra year of school for 1,000 girls could prevent sixty infant deaths.
With women and girls being the main farmers in Africa and southern Asia, their education offers a chance to develop more efficient farming practices, improve output, and raise awareness of the ecological needs of the land with tree planting and farming. Therefore, the world community cannot afford to ignore this avenue of change.
【小題1】Which is Not the reason why educating girls reduces poverty?

A．It improves environmental management.
B．It raises economic productivity.
C．It creates more children.
D．It lowers maternal death rates.
【小題2】What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．The poor economy at that time.
B．Girls’ absence from school.
C．Energy and money.
D．The education of girls.
【小題3】Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The countries where women have great influence and are in power always do worse in girls’ education.
B．Some organizations such as the World Bank haven’t taken the lead in girls’ education.
C．Some girls in Sudan and Indonesia are bound to live a life without education when they are born.
D．Each extra year of school for girls has nothing to do with the birthrate and maternal deaths.
【小題4】How many more infants will survive when 100 girls stay in school for another year?
A．5 B．6 C．8 D．12
【小題5】What does the author think of girls’ education?
A．essential B．terrible
C．indifferent D．helpless


【小題1】C
【小題2】B
【小題3】C
【小題4】B
【小題5】A

解析試題分析：本文講述女孩教育在提高生產(chǎn)，降低嬰兒和產(chǎn)婦死亡率，改善環(huán)境管理方面起著重要的作用，這是世界所共認(rèn)的，在尼泊爾，印度尼西亞、摩洛哥、多哥或蘇丹這些地方女孩不能接受很好的教育，會(huì)使經(jīng)濟(jì)落后，所以要重視女孩的教育問(wèn)題。
【小題1】C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段提到All the evidence shows that taking girls out of the fields and homes, and putting them behind desks, raises economic productivity, lowers infant and maternal(產(chǎn)婦) death rates, reduces birth rates, and improves environmental management女孩可以提高生產(chǎn)，降低嬰兒與產(chǎn)婦死亡率，提高環(huán)境管理，沒(méi)有提到C項(xiàng)，故選C項(xiàng)。
【小題2】B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段提到For the same reason that when Charles Dickens was writing David Copperfield 150 years ago girls were absent from the British education system: Men in power mostly prefer it that way,在狄更斯寫(xiě)的大衛(wèi) 科波菲爾這本書(shū)中提到，女孩不接受教育，男人在某些方面是很喜歡的，故選B項(xiàng)。
【小題3】C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段提到To be born a girl in a rural area in Nepal, Pakistan, Indonesia, Morocco, Togo, or Sudan — half a dozen of the most shameful performers — means being condemned to a life without school, education, or clean water, marriage and babies coming too early, too many births, children who die of preventable diseases, backbreaking work in the fields, subordination(從屬) to husband and his family, and an early death在尼泊爾，印度尼西亞、摩洛哥、多哥或蘇丹，一些女孩出生在農(nóng)村地區(qū)，就意味著注定過(guò)著，沒(méi)有教育，沒(méi)有清潔飲用水，早婚等等問(wèn)題，故選C項(xiàng)正確。
【小題4】B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段In Pakistan, an extra year of school for 1,000 girls could prevent sixty infant deaths可知1000中可以避免60個(gè)嬰兒早亡，故選B項(xiàng)。
【小題5】A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段提到Therefore, the world community cannot afford to ignore this avenue of change.可知國(guó)際社會(huì)不能忽視女孩教育這一重要的變化，故選A項(xiàng)對(duì)女子的教育是十分有必要的。
考點(diǎn)：社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類閱讀。

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Read a lot, I mean a lot! You have to increase your ability for reading. Many students are in the habit of reading only when their exams are approaching while some others read only what they are taught or things that must be read because it is in their curriculum. But listen to me now, I am telling you from my own experience that it is a very bad habit and it is not enough to improve your intelligence.
You have to learn and get ready to become versatile in your reading. The fact that you are studying medicine in school does not mean that you should not know one or two things on politics.
Many people have complained to me that they find it hard to read stuffs like novels but I just shake my head in pity for them because it is obvious they have failed to realize the truth in that wise saying by Margaret Fuller that “today a READER, tomorrow a LEADER!”
When you read, you get to “see” so many places and it will be as if you have visited those places in real life. This is because reading will improve your imagination and creativity and understanding. You also get experience from learning about how people dealt with their various problems thereby saving you from going through the pains and difficulties they must have gone through!
Reading will also help you in improving your vocabulary because you will certainly start coming across so many new words which you will try as much as possible to get accustomed to with the help of the dictionary! The good thing about increasing your vocabulary is that it will also improve your thinking ability. After all, we think in words and the more words you know, the easier it will become for you to express yourself or your thoughts.
And when you read, make sure you read so wide because the more you read, the more you know and the more you know the more intelligent you can become.
【小題1】According to the author, what should students do in terms of reading?

A．They needn’t read unless the exams come.
B．They should read books about intelligence.
C．They must read about politics when their major is medicine.
D．They should read as wide as possible.
【小題2】The underlined word “versatile” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _____.
A．interested B．many-sided C．content D．confident
【小題3】What is the best title for the passage?
A．Increase your ability for reading
B．Read wide and improve your vocabulary
C．Reading improves your intelligence
D．Reading makes you a leader tomorrow
【小題4】What is the benefit of knowing more words?
A．You will get used to referring to the dictionary when meeting with new words.
B．You will have less difficulty expressing your opinions.
C．Vocabulary will improve your creativity.
D．You can pass your exams with ease.

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