The word doping is probably from the Dutch word dop, the name of an alcoholic drinks make of grape skins used by Zulu soldiers in order to encourage their bravery in battle. The term became current around the turn of the 20th century, originally referring to illegal drugging of racehorses. In 1928 the International Amateur Athletic Federation (IAAF) became the first to ban the use of doping. A reliable test method was finally introduced in 1974.
The practice of enhancing athletes’ performance through foreign substance or other artificial means, however, is as old as competitive sport itself. The most famous doping case of the 1980s concerned Ben Johnson, the 100-meter champion who tested positive for stanozolol(司坦咗醇) at the Olympic Games in Seoul, 1988.
The main front in the anti-doping war has rapidly shifted to blood doping since 1970s. Blood doping is the practice of adding red blood cells to the bloodstream in order to improve athletes’ performance. The blood is usually processed in order to create a concentration of red blood cells, and then freeze them until needed for transfusion(輸血) back into the athlete shortly before the event. The extra red blood cells will deliver more oxygen and other essential elements to the athlete’s muscle tissues.
Just like any other problem, the only way to solve it is through education. Many high school sports programs now have people come in to talk to them about out the dangers of performance-enhancing drugs. Young players must be fully clear on the rules and what substances are banned. The NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association) has an easily accessible list of what substances are banned, how they are tested for and why they are banned on its website. This way, young players are clear on what they can put in their bodies. This is also a good way to educate players on the danger of the substances they may be tempted to use.
小題1:The word “enhancing” in the first sentence of the second paragraph means “_____”.
A．showingB．directingC．upsettingD．improving
小題2:What can we know from the third paragraph?
A．Blood doping is transferring one man’s blood into another
B．Only blood doping exists in the anti-doping war in the 1970s.
C．Blood doping is easy to be found and controlled by organizations.
D．More oxygen in the blood helps improve an athlete’s performance.
小題3:The word “people” in the second sentence of the fourth paragraph probably refers to _____.
A．teachers who teach P.E. lessons at school
B．experts who do research in doping
C．young people easy to be addicted to doping
D．a(chǎn)thletes involved in doping
小題4:Which statement best matches the last paragraph?
A．Prevention is better than cure.
B．Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body.
C．The best horse needs breaking, and the cleverest child needs teaching.
D．A little learning is a dangerous thing.
 
小題1:D
小題2:D
小題3:B
小題4:A
本文講述了在競(jìng)技運(yùn)動(dòng)中使用興奮劑的歷史以及帶來(lái)的危害，最后告訴我們教育是解決此類事件的最好辦法。
小題1:D 猜測(cè)詞義題。根據(jù)The practice of enhancing athletes’ performance through foreign substance or other artificial means, however, is as old as competitive sport itself 可知，通過(guò)外來(lái)物質(zhì)或其他人工手段來(lái)提高運(yùn)動(dòng)員表現(xiàn)是和競(jìng)技運(yùn)動(dòng)本身一樣的歷史悠久。故答案為D。
小題2:D 推斷題。根據(jù)第三段The extra red blood cells will deliver more oxygen and other essential elements to the athlete’s muscle tissues. 以及Blood doping is the practice of adding red blood cells to the bloodstream in order to improve athletes’ performance.可知，答案為D。
小題3:B細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)Many high school sports programs now have people come in to talk to them about out the dangers of performance-enhancing drugs. 可知，學(xué)校讓人來(lái)給學(xué)生講關(guān)于提高成績(jī)的藥物的危害，說(shuō)明來(lái)做講座的人必定是做興奮劑研究的專家。
小題4:A 判斷歸納題。根據(jù)Just like any other problem, the only way to solve it is through education.可知，用教育來(lái)解決使用興奮劑是唯一的辦法。教育即是預(yù)防。說(shuō)明A是正確的。
練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Killer bees started in Brazil in 1957. A scientist in Sao Paulo wanted bees to make more honey. So he put forty-six African bees with some Brazilian bees. The bees bred and made a new kind of bee. But the new bees were a mistake. They did not want to make more honey. They wanted to attack. Then, by accident, twenty-six African bees escaped and bred with the Brazilian bees outside.
Scientists could not control the problem. The bees spread. They went from Brazil to Venezuela. Then they went to Central America. Now they are in North America. They travel about 390 miles a year. Each group of bees, or colony (群體), grows four times a year. This means one million new colonies every five years.
Why are people afraid of killer bees? People are afraid for two reasons. First, the bees sting (刺痛、蜇) many more times than a normal bee. Killer bees can sting sixty times a minute non-stop for two hours. Second, killer bees attack in groups. Four hundred bee stings can kill a person.
Already several hundred people are dead. Now killer bees are in Texas. In a few years they will spread all over the United States. People can do nothing but wait.
小題1:A scientist in Brazil wanted bees ________.
A．to go to Central America
B．to grow four times a year
C．to make more honey
D．to breed with Brazilian bees outside
小題2:The bees bred and made a new kind of bee. Here “bred” means ________.
A．a(chǎn)ttackB．run awayC．diedD．produce young
小題3:Killer bees can sting ________.
A．once two hoursB．400 times two hours
C．3600 times two hoursD．7200 times two hours
小題4:Why are people afraid of killer bees?
A．Because they sting Brazilian bees.
B．Because they sting more and attack in groups.
C．Because they won’t make any honey.
D．Because each group of bees grows four times a year.
小題5: What will the people do with the killer bees?
A．People can do nothing but wait.
B．People will make another kind of bees.
C．Scientists could control the problem.
D．They will spread all over the world.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Published in 1896 and one of the most memorable horror stories ever written, Dracula, by Irish writer Bram Stoker,is the story of a vampire（吸血鬼）,someone who lives on human blood. Stoker wrote the book after reading stories about Central European vampires and set his novel in Transylvania. Even today,there are readers of the book who believe that Transylvania is a mythical（神話的）country,a figment（虛構(gòu)）of Stoker’s imagination. Nothing could be further from the truth. Transylvania is part of modern-day Central European country Romania,and the country does indeed have a history of mythological vampires.
However,Romanians are always puzzled by the description of the novel’s central character, Count Dracula,a tall,elegant aristocrat（貴族）with impeccable（完美的）manners who also happens to speak very good English. This is a world away from the images of vampires that they have grown up with. Romanian vampires are half-human creatures who live solitary lives in the forests,not aristocrats living in castles with well-stocked libraries.
So where did Stoke get the image for his Dracula? The answer becomes clearer when one learns of his relationship with a man called Henry Irving,the greatest British stage actor of his time.
Stoker was working as a civil servant in his home city of Dublin when he first met Irving. Bored with his tedious life and work, Stoker took every opportunity to visit the theatre and for a while was the drama critic for the Dublin Evening Mail. One of the reviews he wrote was of a performance of Shakespeare’s play Hamlet,with Irving in the lead role.
Irving was so pleased with Stoker’s review of his performance that he asked to meet him. Stoker couldn’t believe his luck when one night,he was invited to a dinner party where Irving was the guest of honour. Irving entertained the assembled dinner guests with some renditions（表演）of famous poems and speeches from Shakespeare.
Stoker was already writing the first chapters of Dracula and began to base the central character on Irving,in the vain hope that if it ever became a stage play, Irving would play the central character. Sadly,Irving never did,but the two men became close friends,and in 1878 Stoker left the civil service and became Irving’s manager in London.
小題1:Bram Stoker set his novel in Transylvania because       .
A．it is in modern-day Romania
B．Transylvania is a mythical country
C．he wanted to tell a true story
D．he had read stories about vampires from the area
小題2:The central character of the novel       .
A．is very similar to the vampires that Romanians know about
B．Is completely different from the vampires Romanians know about
C．Has impeccable manners,like a real Romanian vampire
D．Is puzzled by the comparison with Romanian vampires
小題3:What was Stoker’s hope?
A．That the book would become a stage-play.
B．That Irving would play the central character in the stage play.
C．That he could live in London.
D．That Irving would work for him.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Every year thousands of tourists visit Pompeii, Italy. They see the sight that Pompeii is famous for—its stadium and theaters, its shops and restaurants. The tourists do not, however, see Pompeii’s people. No one has lived in Pompeii for almost 2,ooo years.
Once Pompeii was a busy city of 22,000 people. It lay at the foot of Mt Vesuvius, a grass-covered volcano. Mt Vesuvius had not erupted for centuries, so the people of Pompeii felt safe. But they were not. In August of the year 79 AD, Mt Vesuvius erupted. The entire top of the mountain exploded, and a huge black cloud rose into the air. Soon stones and hot ashes began to fall on Pompeii. When the eruption ended two days later, Pompeii was buried under 20 feet of stones and ashes. Almost all of its people were dead.
For centuries, Pompeii lay buried under stones and ashes. Then in the year 1861, an Italian scientist named Ginseppe began to uncover Pompeii. Slowly, carefully, Ginseppe and his men dug. The city almost looked the same as it had looked in 79 AD. There were streets and fountains, houses and shops. There was a stadium with 20,000 seats. Perhaps the most important of all, there were everyday objects, which tell us a great deal about the people who lived in Pompeii. Many glasses and jars had some dark blue color in the bottom, so we know that the people of Pompeii liked wine. They liked bread too; metal bread pans were in every bakery. In one bakery there were 81 round, flat loaves of bread—a type of bread that is still sold in Italy today. Tiny boxes filled with a dark, shiny powder tell us that women liked to wear eye-makeup.
Ginseppe has died, but his work continues. One-fourth has not been uncovered yet. Scientists are still digging, still making discoveries that draw the tourists to Pompeii.
小題1:Why do large number of people come to Pompeii each year?
A．To visit the volcano.B．To shop and eat there.
C．To watch sports and plays.D．To see how Pompeiians lived.
小題2:Why did the city uncovered look almost the same as it had looked in 79 AD ?
A．Because Ginseppe and his men dug it slowly and carefully.
B．Because the city was buried alive and remained untouched.
C．Because scientists successfully rebuilt the city with everyday objects.
D．Because nobody had lived in the city ever since the volcano erupted.
小題3:What do we know about the Pompeiians who lived 2,000 years ago?
A. They lived more or less the same as Italians now do.
B. They liked women wearing all kinds of makeup.
C. They enjoyed a lazy life with drinking and eating.
D. They went back to Pompeii after the eruption in 79 AD.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The Sydney Opera House is a very famous building in the world. It has become Sydney's best-known landmark and international symbol. The Opera House with a " sailing roof" was designed by a famous Danish architect (丹麥建筑大師),Utzon. The base for the building was started in 1959, years before the designs were finished. Utzon spent four years designing the Opera House. In 1962, the designs were finalized (定稿) and the construction began. In 1967, they started the decoration inside. It took 14 years in total to build the Opera House. Queen Elizabeth II officially opened it on October 20th, 1973.
　 The Sydney Opera House cost around $100 million and was paid for by the public 6,225 square meters of glass was used to build it. The Opera House includes 1,000 rooms. It is 185 meters long and 120 meters wide. The building's roof sections weigh about 15 tons. Each year, this fantastic building attracts 200,000 tourists to come for a visit or enjoy events in it.
　  The Opera House reaches out into the harbour (港灣). It is amazing and unforgettable, offering people a strong sense of beauty.
小題1:The designer of the Sydney Opera House was from _______.
　　  
A．AmericaB．AustraliaC．EnglandD．Denmark(丹麥）
小題2:Building the Sydney Opera House lasted__________.
　　  
A．from 1959 to 1973B．from 1962 to 1973
　　		C．from 1959 to 1967D．from 1962 to 1967
小題3:_______ paid for the cost of the building of the Sydney Opera House.
　　  
A．UtzonB．The publicC．Queen Elizabeth IID．The government
小題4:Which is the best title for the passage?
　　  
A．Sailing RoofB．Travelling in Sydney
　　		C．The Sydney Opera HouseD．The Opening of the Opera House

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Why does most of the world travel on the right side today? Theories differ, but there’s no doubt that Napoleon was a major influence. The French had used the right since at least the late 18th century. Some say that before the French Revolution, noblemen drove their carriages on the left, forcing the peasants to the right. Regardless of the origin, Napoleon brought right-hand traffic to the nations he conquered, including Russia, Switzerland and Germany. Hitler, in turn, ordered right-hand traffic in Czechoslovakia and Austria in the 1930s. Nations that escaped right-hand control, like Great Britain, followed their left-hand tradition.
The U.S. has not always been a nation of right-hand rivers; earlier in its history, carriage and horse traffic traveled on the left, as it did in England. But by the late 1700s, people driving large wagons pulled by several pairs of horses began promoting a shift to the right. A driver would sit on the rear (后面的) left horse in order to wave his whip with his right hand; to see opposite traffic clearly, they traveled on the right.
One of the final moves to firmly standardize traffic directions in the U.S. occurred in the 20th century, when Henry Ford decided to mass-produce his cars with controls on the left (one reason, stated in 1908; the convenience for passengers exiting directly onto the edge, especially… if there is a lady to be considered). Once these rules were set, many countries eventually adjusted to the right-hand standard, including Canada in the 1920s, Sweden in 1967 and Burma in 1970. The U.K. and former colonies such as Australia and India are among the western world’s few remaining holdouts. Several Asian countries, including Japan, use the left as well — thought many places use both right-hand-drive and left-hand-drive cars.
小題1:Why did people in Switzerland travel on the right?
A．They had used the right-hand since the 18th century.
B．Rich people enjoyed driving their carriages on the right.
C．Napoleon introduced the right-hand traffic to this country.
D．Hitler ordered them to go to against their left-hand tradition.
小題2:Of all the countries below, the one that travels on the right is ______.
A．AustriaB．EnglandC．JapanD．Australia
小題3:Henry Ford produced cars with controls on the left _______.
A．in order to change traffic directions in the U.S.
B．so that passengers could get off conveniently
C．because rules at that time weren’t perfect
D．though many countries were strongly against that
小題4:According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A．Before the French Revolution, all the French people used the right.
B．People in Britain and the U.S. travel on the same side nowadays.
C．The Burmese began to travel on the right in 1970.
D．All the Asian nations use the left at present.
小題5:What would be the best title for this passage?
A．Who made the great contributions to the shift of traffic directions?
B．How cars have become a popular means of transportation?
C．How Henry Ford produced his cars with controls on the left?
D．Why don’t people all drive on the same side of the road?

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：完形填空

“All men are created equal” is one idea that nearly every American would agree upon.  36 they sometimes betray the idea in their daily lives, they have a deep faith  37 in some fundamental way no one is born superior to anyone else.
In the early years of American history, because titles of nobility(貴族) were forbidden, no  38 class system developed in the United States. Firmly believing that being born into a lower class would not  39 them from success and they would have a better chance in America, thousands of immigrants   40 to leave the European societies, where their    41  in life was determined  42 by the social class into which they were born. It was because the dreams of many of there immigrants were   43 in their new country, though there might be  44 in some situations, that Americans came to believe in equality of opportunity.
Americans do not mean that everyone should be  45 equal when they say they believe in equality of opportunity.  46 , they do mean that each person should have an equal chance for success. Abraham Lincoln once said, “We wish to  47 the humblest(最微賤的) man an equal chance to get rich with everybody else. When one starts poor, free society is  48 that he knows he can   49 his condition.”
However, competition is the price to be   50  for his equality of opportunity. Americans match their energy and intelligence against that of others in a competitive contest for success, because they believe competition  51 the best in any person. Indeed, the pressure of competition causes an American to be   52 , but it also places a constant emotional stress on him. In fact, in a society that gives so much  53  to those “winners”,   54 does not compete successfully for whatever reason never  55 into it as well as those who do.
小題1:
A．Since B．As C．AlthoughD．Because
小題2:
A．whatB．thatC．a(chǎn)sD．which
小題3:
A．normalB．moralC．formalD．general
小題4:
A．benefitB．preventC．saveD．limit
小題5:
A．forcedB．requiredC．choseD．looked forward
小題6:
A．placeB．meaningC．functionD．purpose
小題7:
A．slightlyB．largelyC．originallyD．publicly
小題8:
A．come trueB．ruinedC．succeededD．realized
小題9:
A．excitementsB．expectationsC．exceptionsD．disappointments
小題10:
A．reallyB．totallyC．a(chǎn)ctuallyD．truly
小題11:
A．BesidesB．MeanwhileC．MoreoverD．Instead
小題12:
A．a(chǎn)llowB．encourageC．a(chǎn)pproveD．share
小題13:
A．soB．the oneC．suchD．a(chǎn)s
小題14:
A．enjoyB．betterC．maintainD．stand
小題15:
A．paidB．a(chǎn)skedC．caredD．sought
小題16:
A．gives outB．comes outC．brings outD．stands out
小題17:
A．exhaustedB．energeticC．realisticD．effective
小題18:
A．honorB．pressureC．happinessD．burden
小題19:
A．a(chǎn)nyoneB．whoC．oneD．whoever
小題20:
A．entersB．fitsC．fallsD．matches

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

By the year 1869 when the first transcontinental railroad was finished, over 350,000 pioneers had taken the Oregon Trail to head west and start a new life, which is known as the Gold Rush Period in American history. Many of these were women and most were accompanied by children.
Before heading west, many women often spent their day doing nothing more than visiting, needlework, and the occasional gardening of flowers. Others were not from as wealthy families and had to work alongside their men as laborers. Neither type was in most cases prepared for the hardships that lay ahead.

Once they did reach their destination, the work was far from over. A house would need to be built. Women quickly learned to use all kinds of tools right alongside their husbands. At the first sign of spring, a garden would need to be planted. Pioneer women also had to deal with dangerous wild animals, including bears and lions. Indians were also a concern, and some did fall to their deaths by the Indians’ hand. Where were the men when all this was being done? Working the fields and mining were the two most usual occupations. Their remaining work, which there was plenty of, fell to the women and the oldest children if there were any.
Women who headed west learned quickly that there was much more to life than teas and visiting. They had no choice but to struggle for survival. This was their life.
小題1:What is the passage mainly about?
A．Changes in the Gold Rush Period.
B．New life in the West.
C．Great people in American history.
D．Pioneer women to the West.
小題2:By mentioning women’s life before heading west in paragraph 2, the author implies (暗示) that          .
A．it was a real struggle for women to adapt to the hard life in the West
B．it was not reasonable for women to give up their comfortable life
C．it was a better choice for women to experience a new and hard life
D．it was necessary for women to change their lifestyle completely
小題3:According to the passage, which was NOT the problem women faced when heading west?
A．They had no choice but to throw away many of their beloved things.
B．They could not take their children along because of the hard journey.
C．It was common that they lost their husbands in some accidents.
D．They suffered from diseases or even lost their lives.
小題4:Women were kept busy with all the following work EXCEPT _________.
A．building a house
B．planting a garden
C．driving wild animals away
D．caring for the Indians

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

People can enjoy visiting some major imperial temples (帝王廟宇) where emperors worshipped nature on various sacred days?
Temple of Moon (Yuetan)  
Built in 1530，the roughly 8 hectare Temple of Moon，or Yuetan Park，to west of the imperial city was the site of imperial sacrifices to the moon.
In the past decades, bushes and fruit trees have been planted here．In 1969，a 180 meter--all television broadcasting tower was erected in the park，taking up about one eighth of its total space?
Opening hours：6 am～9 pm
Location：6 Yuetan Beijie，Xicheng District．Buses to get there：15，19，823．
Temple of Earth (Ditan)
The Temple of Earth，or Ditan Park，near the North Second Ring Road，is where emperors prayed to the earth for favorable weather and national prosperity．Built during the Ming Dynasty in 1 530，it is the only existing place to worship the earth．
The surrounding areas have become an open space for people to engage in leisurely activities．Since the late 1980s，traditional temple fair have been held here regularly during the Chinese lunar new year．
Opening hours：6 am～9 pm
Location：A2 Di’anmenwai，Chaoyang District．Buses to get there: 104，108，116，or take the subway to get off at Yonghegong to go north.
Temple of Sun (Ritan)
The Temple of Sun，or Ritan Park，in eastern Beijing，is located near the Jianguomen area and adjacent(鄰近的) embassy district．It is a short walk from the Yong'anli subway station on the Line 1．The altar (祭壇) was built in l530 as a place for emperors to make ritual sacrifices to the sun．
It features expansive gardens and a small lake．A mural (壁畫)wall, the park’s main scenic attraction now，was a piece of artwork created about 20 years ago to draw more sightseers．The park is also known for its blossoming lotuses．
Opening hours：6 am～9 pm
Location：6 Ritan Beilu，Chaoyang District．Buses to get there：1，4，28，43，57．120．
小題1:What kind of people is the text mainly written for?
A．Parents．B．Students．C．Tourists．D．Teachers-
小題2:You can take a No．______ bus if you want to visit The Temple
of  Sun                    
A．19B．104C．108D．120
小題3:If you want to worship the earth，you must go to _____.
A．Yuetan ParkB．Ditan ParkC．Ritan ParkD．Beilu Park
小題4:The purpose of building a mural wall in Ritan Park was to_____．
A．defend the parkB．prevent people from coming into the park
C．a(chǎn)ttract more sightseersD．make ritual sacrifices to the sun

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案