18．Have you ever heard of donating blood？Medical workers on board collect blood from volunteers．The blood is then stored up and given to people who have lost a large amount of it due to accidents or diseases．
Blood is one of the most important substances （物質(zhì)） supporting our lives．But for now，the only way we can get more of it is through donation．And donated blood has its own problems．First of all，certain blood types are extremely rare．Type O negative blood （O-），for example，only exists in 7percent of people，according to Sunday Times．There are fewer donors and therefore there isn't enough of this type of blood for everybody who needs it．In addition，donated blood comes from various people，which means that it has to be examined carefully for disease such as hepatitis （肝炎） and HIV to make sure that it's safe for transfusion．
This is why scientists all over the world have been trying to make blood in labs．And now，someone finally succeeded-Marc Turner at the Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service has produced blood fit for transfusion，reported Forbes．
Unlike many other scientists，who have tried to make blood substitutes by mixing up different ingredients together，Turner chose to grow blood directly from human stem cells （干細(xì)胞）．He developed a special technique to create a chemical environment similar to that in our bone marrow （骨髓）．This environment encourages stem cells to develop fully into red blood cell．
According to Turner，his version of artificial blood is unlikely to contain disease viruses or produce side effects．And the best part is that what he managed to produce was type O-blood．Not only is it a rare blood type，it's also a universal type，which means it can be transfused into any patient．
The new blood is scheduled for human tests in 2016．However，Turner stressed that the new study should not be taken as a signal for people to stop donating blood because it could be another 20years before the artificial blood can be manufactured on a large scale．"It is one thing to bake a cake and another thing to bake a cake 100times the size，"said Turner．"It's not just a matter of putting in 100times the ingredients．"
32．According to the text，a potential danger of blood transfusion is thatB．
A．it is impossible to store up large amounts of blood
B．blood transfusion may lead to some terrible infections
C．it is very hard to find matches for certain blood types
D．blood transfusion often leads to serious side effects
33．The study Marc Turner did is different from those of many other scientists in thatA．
A．he grew artificial blood using human stem cells
B．he was able to discover the special function of type O-blood
C．he produced the first artificial blood in the world
D．he used special ingredients to produce artificial blood cells
34．We can know from the text thatD．
A．people with type O-blood can receive blood transfusion from anyone
B．the practice of blood transfusion will end in 20years
C．the new blood produced by Turner has been experimented on human beings
D．the artificial blood produced by Turner will be a safe and universal type
35．Which of the following words best describes Turner's attitude towards the application of his artificial blood？C
A．Pessimistic． B．Doubtful．
C．Cautious． D．Uninterested．
分析 本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道類閱讀，屬于新聞報(bào)道．你有沒有聽說過獻(xiàn)血？醫(yī)務(wù)人員從志愿者那里收集血液，然后將血液儲(chǔ)存起來，給予由于意外或疾病而大量損失的人．本文以此展開談?wù)摚瑘?bào)道了特納生產(chǎn)的人造血液．
解答 32．B．推理判斷題．根據(jù)In addition，donated blood comes from various people，which means that it has to be examined carefully for disease such as hepatitis （肝炎） and HIV to make sure that it's safe for transfusion．可以推測出，輸血可能導(dǎo)致一些嚴(yán)重的感染．故選B．
33．A．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)Unlike many other scientists，who have tried to make blood substitutes by mixing up different ingredients together，Turner chose to grow blood directly from human stem cells （干細(xì)胞）．可知，與許多其他科學(xué)家不同，他們試圖通過將不同的成分混合在一起來制造血液代用品，特納選擇從人類干細(xì)胞直接產(chǎn)生血液．故選A．
34．D．推理判斷題．根據(jù)According to Turner，his version of artificial blood is unlikely to contain disease viruses or produce side effects．可以推測出，特納生產(chǎn)的人造血液將是一種安全通用的血液．故選D．
35．C．推理判斷題．根據(jù)However，Turner stressed that the new study should not be taken as a signal for people to stop donating blood because it could be another 20years before the artificial blood can be manufactured on a large scale．"It is one thing to bake a cake and another thing to bake a cake 100times the size，"said Turner．"It's not just a matter of putting in 100times the ingredients．"可以推測出，特納對于人造血液的應(yīng)用是謹(jǐn)慎的態(tài)度．故選C．
點(diǎn)評 本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道類閱讀，題目涉及多道細(xì)節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題．做題時(shí)學(xué)生應(yīng)仔細(xì)閱讀原文，把握文章主要內(nèi)容，聯(lián)系文章上下文內(nèi)容并結(jié)合所給選項(xiàng)含義，從中選出正確答案，一定要做到有理有據(jù)，切忌胡亂猜測
