分析 只有通過參與志愿者活動才能有效地增強中學生服務大眾的責任感.
解答 答案:Only by involving high school students in volunteer activities in the community can their sense of responsibility to serve the people be enhanced/strengthened/improved effectively.考查Only引導狀語位于句首,主句用倒裝.
Only引導狀語by involving high school students in volunteer activities in the community,主句can their sense of responsibility to serve the people be enhanced/strengthened/improved effectively.用部分倒裝.involving…in 表示"參與";be enhanced/strengthened/improved 是主句的謂語動詞,表示"被增強"
點評 考查漢譯英.
部分倒裝是指將謂語動詞的一部分如助動或情態(tài)動詞置于主語之前.
1、否定副詞如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,以及含有no,not的短語放在句首時,句子要部分倒裝.
①Never in my life have I heard such a thing.
②Little did we expect that he could come.
③Not a single word did he say at the meeting.
④By no means should we do like this.
注意:如上述句子中的否定副詞不置于句首時,句子結構不倒裝.
2、以否定詞開頭的關聯(lián)結構
注意:No sooner…than…,Hardly/scarcely…when…,Not only…but also,Not until…
①Not until late in the evening did he come back.
②Hardly had he got on the bus when he heard a shout.
③Not only did he buy a bike for me but he also sent it to my house.
注意:No sooner…than…;hardly…when;not only…but also這類句型,只將前半部分倒裝,后半部分用正常語序.
3、當only置于句首修飾狀語時,句子要部分倒裝.
①Only in this way can we learn English well.
②Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.
4、so,neither,nor在句首表示"也"或"也不"句子要部分倒裝.
①Tom is very kind.So am I.
②I like English.So does Jack.
③I can't speak English.Nor/Neither can he.
注意:so 后主、謂語不倒裝表示前面所述內容的肯定、確定.
試比較:
Tom is very kind.So am I.(兩個人,一樣情形)
Tom is very kind.So he is.(一個人,一種情形)
湯姆非常和藹.他就是如此.
5、由as/though引導的讓步狀語從句,從句形成倒裝.
①Child as he was,he could speak five languages.
②Hard as he work,you can't support your family.
③Try as you do,you will ever win.
注意:表語為單數(shù)名詞時,不定冠詞"a"應被省去.
She-maker as he was,he was very happy.
6、so…that/such…that句型中so,such 位于句首時,句子要部分倒裝.
①So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.
7、省略了if 的虛擬條件從句中,主謂形成了部分倒裝(虛擬語氣的條件句中,省略 if 后,had,were,should等應提前)
①Had you told me earlier,I could have done something.
②Should anyone call,tell him to call in the afternoon.
③Were I you,I would try it again.
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