You _________to the meeting yesterday. What was the reason for your absence?            
A.had comeB.cameC.would have comeD.should have come
D
試題分析:should have done 本應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際未做。句意:你昨天本應(yīng)該來參加會(huì)議的,你缺席的原因是什么?故選D
表達(dá)虛擬語氣的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
對(duì)過去的一種結(jié)果的假設(shè)或虛擬,用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done這一結(jié)構(gòu),常用的有以下幾個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:
(1) should (not) / ought (not) to have done本(不)應(yīng)該做某事,但卻沒有做或做了,含有責(zé)備或后悔之意。
(2) could have done本來能夠做某事但未做。
(3) needn’t have done本沒有必要做某事但卻做了。要注意needn’t do則表達(dá)“沒有必要去做某事”,時(shí)間上應(yīng)該是現(xiàn)在或?qū)怼?br />(4)would (not) have done本來(不)會(huì)發(fā)生某事,但卻(發(fā)生了)或沒有發(fā)生。常用于虛擬條件句或含蓄虛擬條件引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣,表示對(duì)過去所發(fā)生事情結(jié)果的假設(shè)。
(5) might have done表示“本來可能……”,但實(shí)際上沒有發(fā)生的事。
點(diǎn)評(píng):情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測注意以下解題步驟:
(1) 認(rèn)真審題,結(jié)合所給出的語境,正確把握說話者的語氣、情感、態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等。
(2) 認(rèn)真思考所給選項(xiàng)中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本特征和用法,并結(jié)合語境推敲答案。
(3) 要注意把握時(shí)間概念。
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無論是表達(dá)“推測和可能性”,還是表達(dá)“虛擬”這一概念,只要是對(duì)過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情進(jìn)行描述,一律用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”這一結(jié)構(gòu);對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼氖虑檫M(jìn)行描述,用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞原形”。
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