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　　Many things about language are a mystery(謎), and many will always remain so．But some things we do know．

　　First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort．There is no race(種族)of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language, no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one mother．Furthermore, in historical times, there has never been a race of men without a language．

　　Second, there is no such thing as a primitive(原始的)language．There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped, who are, as we say, uncivilized(不開化的，落后的), but the languages they speak are not primitive．In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing．

　　This has not always been well understood; indeed, the direct contrary has often been stated．Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate．Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises．Study has proved this to be nonsense(胡說，沒有根據的話)．There are, or were, hundreds of American Indian languages, and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old．They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with, but they are no more primitive five than English and Greek．

　　A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate．That is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language．

　　Finally, we know that language changes．It is natural and normal for language to change; the only languages which do not change are the dead ones．This is easy to understand if we look backward in time．Change goes on in all aspects of language．Grammatical features change as do speech sounds, and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive(廣泛的)and may occur very rapidly．Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language．

(1)

In the second paragraph the author thinks that ________．

[　　]

A．

some backward race doesn’t have a language of its own

B．

some race in history didn’t possess a language of its own

C．

any human race, whether backward or not, has a language

D．

some races on earth call communicate without language

(2)

According to the author, people of undeveloped cultures can have ________ languages．

[　　]

A．

complicated

B．

uncivilized

C．

primitive

D．

well-known

(3)

The author has used American Indian languages as an example to show that they are ________．

[　　]

A．

just as old as some well-known languages

B．

just as sophisticated as some well-known languages

C．

more developed than some well-known languages

D．

more complex than some well-known languages

(4)

Which of the following statements is wrong?

[　　]

A．

A language is a means of expressing a particular culture．

B．

All languages can well express their respective cultures．

C．

American Indian languages are as sophisticated as English．

D．

Some languages are better than other languages．

(5)

According to the author, language changes are most likely to occur in ________．

[　　]

A．

grammar

B．

pronunciation

C．

vocabulary

D．

intonation

答案：1．C;2．A;3．B;4．D;5．C;
解析：

(1)

作者在第二段中認為，任何人種不管落后與否都有語言。文中的原句是：There is no race of men any where on earth so backward that it has no language…

(2)

此題的答案來自第三段。

(3)

作者列舉美國印第安人的語言的目的是證明這些語言和一些著名的語言一樣先進。原句是：They are certainly different from the languages that most of US are familiar with, but they are no more primitive than English and Greek．

(4)

D項的說法是錯誤的，因為作者在文章中的觀點是不同的語言沒有好與壞的差別。

(5)

詞匯是語言中最容易發(fā)生變化的部分。文中的原句是：Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language．


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A Giant Leap for China

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China’s first manned flight．

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A hero with great courage．

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The first Chinese man in space．

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How Yang Liwei became China’s first spaceman．

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The story didn’t mention it．

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Because Neil Armstrong said it was a “giant leap” for mankind when he first set foot on the moon．

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Because the space flight was a huge success．

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Both A and B．

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　　The age of wealthy youth is over．Today's under-thirties are the first generation for a century who can expect a lower living standard than their parents．

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By saying “the growth of the proportion of people over 50 had reversed the traditional

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traditionally wealth flows from younger generation to old generation

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The number of older people, many of whom live alone, becomes bigger and bigger．

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We can conclude from the passage that ________．

[　　]

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today's under-thirties are leading a miserable life in Britain

B．

Laura Lenox-Conyngham's attitude to work and life represents that of many young professionals in Britain

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　　Below are some classified ads from an English newspaper．

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　　FOR DIRECT CLASSIFIED SERVICE CALL 800-0557 10 A.M.-4P.M．MONDAY-FRIDAY

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　　COME to moving sale－Plants, pottery, books, clothes, etc, Sat, Dec．14th, 9a.m.-5p.m.1612 Femdale, Apt．I．800-4696．

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(1)

Where will you post a notice if you need someone to look after your children?

[　　]

A．

PERSONAL

B．

HELP WANTED

C．

DOMESTIC SERVICE

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ROOMMATES

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[　　]

A．

＄60

B．

＄40

C．

＄20

D．

＄10

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To have your travel notes published, you may contact ________．

[　　]

A．

Students' Union

B．

Gayle Mcore

C．

The International Center

D．

Life Planning Workshop

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