In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some   36    it highly, believing that it is   37   for social progress and prosperity. Others say that   38   is bad, that it sets one person against another; that it   39   unfriendly relationship between people. 

I have taught many children who held the   40   that their self-worth relied on how well they   41    at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and –death affairs.  In their single-minded   42   of success, the development of many other human qualities is   43   forgotten.  

   44   , while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take a(n)   45   attitude. In a culture valuing only the winner and   46   to the ordinary players, they strongly   47   competition. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or   48   success.  By not trying, they always have a(n)   49  ：“I may have lost, but it doesn’t matter   50   I really didn’t try.”   51    , this belief is the same as    52   of the true competitors trying to prove themselves. Both are based on the   53   belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in    54   with others.  Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve（緩解）  55   a new meaning in competition.  

36．A．benefit                   B．influences             C．value                     D．impress

37．A．cheerful                 B．meaningful             C．comfortable            D．responsible

38．A．competition            B．a(chǎn)bility                    C．knowledge             D．challenge

39．A．runs into            B．leads to                  C．comes from            D．begins with

40．A．promise              B．belief                    C．dream                    D．task

41．A．planned                 B．performed              C．delivered               D．practiced

42．A．pursuit                   B．memory                  C．behalf                    D．search

43．A．shyly                     B．cheerfully              C．sadly                     D．faithfully

44．A．Therefore               B．Meanwhile             C．However            D．Afterwards

45．A．proper                    B．suitable                   C．confident                   D．opposite

46．A．paying no attention        B．pays less attention  C．paid more attention        D．pays no attention

47．A．excuse                   B．blame                    C．charge                   D．trust

48．A．enjoy                     B．a(chǎn)pply                   C．receive                   D．a(chǎn)chieve

49．A．opinion                  B．explanation            C．excuse                   D．reason

50．A．unless                    B．so                          C．while                     D．because

51．A．Firmly                   B．Naturally                    C．Unfortunately       D．Clearly

52．A．that                      B．one                        C．it                           D．this

53．A．mistaken            B．different                 C．single                    D．common

54．A．consequence           B．comparison            C．connection             D．common

55．A．we can discover       B．can we discover      C．can discover            D．we discover

36—40：CDABB  41—45：BACCD  46—50：ABDCD   51—56：DAABB


解析:

本文為議論文。文中提到作者身邊對(duì)competition（競(jìng)爭(zhēng)）的不同觀點(diǎn)。一種是拼盡全力贏得比賽的人，他們認(rèn)為輸贏是生死攸關(guān)的事情，只有獲勝才能體現(xiàn)個(gè)人價(jià)值。另一種人極力反對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，他們認(rèn)為人們競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力過(guò)大，導(dǎo)致人際關(guān)系不友好，而且這些人極力逃避努力奮斗，認(rèn)為如果盡力去做而沒(méi)有成功會(huì)導(dǎo)致自己不被別人承認(rèn)，因此他們不做努力，以此做為失敗的借口，“我沒(méi)有去努力，因此失敗也沒(méi)什么了不起！”作者對(duì)這兩種態(tài)度運(yùn)用了“sadly”和“mistaken”來(lái)評(píng)論，并在結(jié)尾表示，只有這種對(duì)成功的恐懼緩解，才能體會(huì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的真正含義。

36．C  value此處為動(dòng)詞，意為“重視，看重”  

37．D  be responsible for“對(duì)…負(fù)責(zé)”。意思為“他們相信，是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)帶來(lái)了社會(huì)的進(jìn)步和繁榮。本題易誤選B。

38．A  由前文可知，另一部分人認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是不好的。

39．B  lead to“導(dǎo)致”。競(jìng)爭(zhēng)會(huì)導(dǎo)致人際關(guān)系不友好。

40．B  hold the belief持有這樣的觀點(diǎn)。

41．B  他們的個(gè)人價(jià)值取決于他們?cè)诰W(wǎng)球和其它技巧方面的表現(xiàn)（perform）得如何。

42．A   in the (…) pursuit of success對(duì)成功的追求。in search of 尋找; in memory of 為紀(jì)念..; in behalf of為…的利益。本題易誤選BC。

43．C  忘記培養(yǎng)的人類的其它素質(zhì)是令人悲哀的事情。

44．C  根據(jù)上文可以看出，此處為轉(zhuǎn)折之意。

45．D  根據(jù)前文意思，后面應(yīng)說(shuō)“另一些人持有相反的觀點(diǎn)。受前文lost in the desire的影響，本題易誤選A。

46．A  根據(jù)前面的only可以看出后面應(yīng)是相反內(nèi)容。句意為”只重視獲勝者而不關(guān)注普通的選手�！�

47．B  根據(jù)下文可以看出應(yīng)選blame“責(zé)備，譴責(zé)”。句意為“那些人強(qiáng)烈譴責(zé)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”本題易誤選A。

48．D  achieve (one’s) success取得勝利。

49．C  從下文可知：用不去嘗試/努力（怕失敗），以此做為失敗的借口。本題易誤選A。

50．D  根據(jù)上文可以看出前后是因果關(guān)系。

51．D  根據(jù)后面的the same可以看出本題應(yīng)選D。本題易誤選C，如選C，與the same不符。

52．A  此處that=the belief。that和it 表示特指。that與所指名詞為同類，但不是同一個(gè)，而it 與所指名詞為同一個(gè)；one指代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，泛指同類事物中的一個(gè)。本題易誤選C。

53．A  兩者都是錯(cuò)誤的觀點(diǎn)。

54． B  in comparison of“與……比較”； in consequence of... 的結(jié)果， 因?yàn)?..的緣故， 由于；in common with如同一樣；in connection with 與...有關(guān)系

55．B  only修飾狀語(yǔ)且放在句首時(shí)，主句謂語(yǔ)要倒裝。

練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）

       根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下框的A~F選項(xiàng)中選出能概括每一段主題的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余項(xiàng)。

AGift giving proven to be valuable.

B.Memories from gift giving

C.Moments and events for gift giving

D.Various functions of gift giving

E.Gift giving as a wasteful practice

F.Gift giving as a two-way social activity

G.Gift Giving

61. _____________

       There are many occasions（場(chǎng)合） for giving gifts in modern industrialinzed societies;birthdays,naming ceremonies, weddings, anniversaries, New Year, It is common to give gifts on many of these celebrations in western cultures. In addition, special events, such as one’ s first day of school or graduation from university, often require gift fiving.

62._____________

       What is happening when we give gifts? Most important, we are exchanging gifts. If someone gives me a gift for my birthday, I know that I am usually expected to give one on his or her next birthday. A gift builds up or confirms a social oblingation（義務(wù)）.

63.__________

       Gifts tighten personal relationships and provide a means of communication between loved ones. People say that a gift lets the recipient（接受者） know we are thinking of them, and that we want to make the person “feel special.”We want people to feel wanted, to feel part of our social or family group. We give presents to say “I’m sorry.”Sometimes it is difficult for us to find a present that someone will like. Sometimes we give things that we like or would frrl comfortable with. In all these cases, the gifts are sending out messages－often very expressive ones.

64. ___________

       People tend to talk about presents in a fairly loving way. A woman whose mother had died years ago described the many gifts around her house.These were gifts that her mother had given her over the years:“I appreciate these, and they mean something to me,”the woman said,“because I remember the occasions they were given on, and that they were from my mother, and the relationship we’ve had.”The gifts remain and keep the relationship alive in mind. This woman felt the same way about the gifts she gave to others. She hoped that the recipients would look at here gifts in years to come and

65. _________

       Emotions(情感)like these suggest that a positive spirit still lies behind gift giving. They prove that the anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss was wrong to say that modern western gift giving is highly wasteful. Studies in Canada and elsewhere have also shown that this is not the case. Each gift is unique even if so many are given.The emotional benefit for those who exchange gifts is the very reason for the tradition to continue.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2014屆山東省濟(jì)寧市高二12月質(zhì)檢英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Just as the English language has changed quickly in the previous century, so has the use of it.

After the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) was founded in 1927, the particular style of speech of the BBC announcers was recognized as standard English or Received Pronunciation (RP) English. Now, most people still consider that the pronunciation and delivery of BBC announcers is the clearest and most understandable spoken English.

English has had a strong relationship with classes and social positions. However, since the Second World War there has been a clear change of attitude towards speech snobbery(自我優(yōu)越感), and marks of class distinction(區(qū)別) such as styles of speech have been gradually diminishing, especially in the younger generation.

By the end of the 1960s, it had become clear that it was not necessary to speak standard English or even correct grammar to become popular, successful and rich. The fashionable speech of the day was no longer the special right of a special class but rather a defiant(反抗的) expression of classlessness.

The greatest single influence of the shaping of the English language in modern times is the American English. Over the last 25 years the English used by many people, particularly by those in the media, advertising and show business, has become more and more mid-Atlantic in style, delivery and accent.

In the 1970s, fashion favored careless pronunciation and a language full of jargon, slang and “in” words, a great quantity of which couldn’t be understood by the outside world. What is considered modern and fashionable in Britain today is often not the kind of English taught in schools and colleges.

1.Which of the following is NOT true?

A．The use of the English language has not changed much in the previous century.

B．BBC announcers speak standard English.

C．English has no relationship with classes and social positions now.

D．Young people don’t like class distinction.

2.What does the author imply by saying “there has been a clear change of attitude towards speech snobbery”?

A．Everyone speaks English as the BBC announcers do.

B．There has been a great change of attitudes towards the status of English.

C．Most people don’t believe the way of speaking by BBC announcers is much better than that of other people.

D．It is necessary to speak standard English with correct grammar.

3.According to the author, there was a trend in the US for young people ________.

A．to speak standard English

B．to speak English with grammatical mistakes

C．to speak old English

D．to speak English without class distinction

4.It can be concluded from the passage that________.

A．standard English is taught only in schools and colleges

B．there has been a great change in the English language in the previous century

C．the English language has not been influenced by the American English in the last 25 years

D．young people are defiant because they refuse to speak standard English

 

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2014屆黑龍江龍東地區(qū)高一下學(xué)期教學(xué)聯(lián)合體期末英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Recently, a  professor of philosophy in the United States has written a book called MoneyandtheMeaningofLife. He has discovered that how we deal with money in our day­to­day life has more meaning than we usually think. One of the exercises he asked his students to do is to keep a record of every penny they spend for a week. From the way they spend their money, they can see what they really value in life.

He says that our relation with others often becomes clearly defined when money enters the picture. You might have wonderful friendship with somebody and you think that you have a very good friend. But you will know him only when you ask him to lend you some money. If he does, it brings something to the relationship that seems stronger than ever before. Or it can suddenly weaken the relationship if he doesn't. This person may say that he has a certain feeling, but if it is not carried out in the money world, there is something less real about it.

Since money is so important to us, we consider those who possess a lot of it to be very important. The author interviewed some millionaires in researching his book.

Question: What is the most surprising thing you have discovered about being rich?

Answer: The most surprising thing is why people give me so much respect. I am nothing. I do not know much. All I am is rich.

People just have an idea of making more and more money, but what is it for? In his book, the professor uncovered an important need in modern society: to bring back the idea that money is an instrument rather than the end. Money plays an important role in the material world, but expecting money to give happiness may be missing the meaning of life.

1.The author seems to believe that asking your friend to lend you some money ________.

A．is a good way to test your friendship

B．will do harm to your friendship

C．will strengthen your friendship

D．is a good way to break off your friendship

2.What can we learn about the millionaire from his answer in the interview?

A．He does not feel that he is well educated.

B．He does not think that he is a very important person.

C．He does not think that being rich is worth so much attention.

D．He does not consider himself to be very successful.

3.What does the American professor of philosophy want to explain in his book?

A．Money is an end.

B．Money is a means.

C．Money is everything.

D．Money is unimportant.

4.Which of the following might the author disagree with?

A．Money is important in modern society.

B．The meaning of life does not completely lie in money.

C．Wealth will surely bring the owner happiness

D．Happiness is not necessarily the result of wealth.

 

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：江蘇省20092010學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試試卷（英語(yǔ)） 題型：閱讀理解

We lived in a technological society where most goods are mass-produced by unskilled labor. Because of this, most people think that craft(手藝) no longer exists.

One of the ways these people wrongly support their view is by pointing to 100-year-old homes which are still solid, and arguing that it is the craftsmanship that is responsible for their durability(持久性). “Homes in those days were well-built,” they say. No doubt these homes were well-built, but what these people have done is mix up the quality of material used in the house with the quality of the craftsmanship.

Homes today could be built to last just as long as those old homes if people were willing or able to pay the price. For example, more people can no longer afford solid oak stairways, although they were once fairly common in older homes. Nor can they afford the high labor cost of employing a carpenter to build the stairway. Yet if someone can pay the high cost, there are still plenty of carpenters around able to make those stairways. And not only would these carpenters know how to build them, they would probably do a better job than carpenters of old.

One thing the modern carpenter has which enables him to do a better job is much more advanced tools. Such tools as laser beams and power planes help them lay out a house better and make more precision cuts on the wood. Also, it is not uncommon any more to find carpenters with college degrees and carpenters with a solid knowledge of mathematics, which would enable them to deal with more difficult house designs.

The problems of modern quality, then, really  boils down to the problem of material, for the modern carpenter is just as able to produce craftsmanship as the carpenter of fifty years ago, but only if given proper material.

1． Compared to the carpenters in the past, modern carpenters are _______.

A．more successful

B．more learned

C．more imaginative

D．more hardworking

2． What does the underlined word “they” (paragraph 2) refer to?

carpenters who are fond of oak stairways.

carpenters who have college degrees.

people who think highly of carpenters of old.

people who think that modern material is of low quality.

3． What does the third paragraph mainly discuss?

People in the past preferred to use oak to build stairways.

It is now expensive to employ a carpenter.

Modern houses last as long as the old one.

Good carpenters still exist in modern times.

4． What would be the best title for the text?

Is Craft Dead?

Craft, Back to life?

History of craftsmanship

Carpenters Today and Yesterday

 

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：廣西柳州市2009-2010學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期第一次階段考試題（英語(yǔ)） 題型：短文改錯(cuò)

第四部分：寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）

第一節(jié)：短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）

答題要求：此題要求改正所給短文中的錯(cuò)誤。對(duì)標(biāo)有題號(hào)的每一行作出判斷：如無(wú)錯(cuò)誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫一個(gè)勾(√)；如有錯(cuò)誤(每行只有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤)，則按下列情況改正：

此行多一個(gè)詞：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。

此行缺一個(gè)詞：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。

此行錯(cuò)一個(gè)詞：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。

注意：原行沒(méi)有錯(cuò)的不要改。

To everyone in the world, money was a sensitive (敏感) topic.     76. ______________

No one can live with money in modern society. People           77. ______________

have different opinions on them. Some people think one should    78. ______________

live to make money, and others, make money to live.                   79. ______________

In my opinion, the latter (后一種) view may be much reasonable.         80. ______________

We should not be the slaves of money. Although money                81. ______________

means a lot of in our life, it does not mean everything. We              82. ______________

cannot exchange (交換) it friendship or love. Money indeed can    83. ______________

make a person enjoy his life for a while but all his life.                 84. ______________

In a word, money is something but not anything.                      85. ______________

 

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案