【題目】 For most students, writing more clearly persuasively presents a great challenge. 【1】Few of them, though, focus on filling their essays with necessary information and details, let alone organizing the information.

In order to make an essay convincing, students should know how to select the necessary information and details. 【2】 Information that can help students clarify and better convey their ideas is certainly important. To figure out what this is, you should make sure you understand the theme of the essay. 【3】

Suppose you were asked to write an essay describing a memorable event in your life. You should start off by thinking about the events you’ve experienced, and why a particular event is especially memorable to you. 【4】 While writing the essay, you should constantly remind yourself that since the event must be a memorable one, you should pay attention to describing the details that make it so special.

【5】 Indeed, before you include any information in your essay, you should think about how to link reasons, examples and details together before you start writing. Only then will you be able to produce a strong and coherent (連貫的) essay.

A.But how do you know what to include?

B.Good writing is sure to leave a deep impression on the readers.

C.Through this process, you can choose a meaningful experience.

D.You can begin with a question, such as why I’m writing this essay.

E.Many can write grammatically correct sentences and choose proper words.

F.However, even if you think of good reasons and examples, you must try to organize your essay well.

G.Only after clearly understanding the topic can you choose proper reasons and examples to support your ideas.

【答案】

【1】E

【2】A

【3】G

【4】C

【5】F

【解析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章簡(jiǎn)要闡述了一些學(xué)生如何寫(xiě)作的要領(lǐng)。

【1】空格位于段中。根據(jù)前一句中的most students和后一句中的Few of them可知，設(shè)空處與students有關(guān)；選項(xiàng)E中的Many可與上句中的most students呼應(yīng)，指代其中很多學(xué)生，且其句意（很多人能寫(xiě)出語(yǔ)法正確的句子并選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~匯）也與上下句之間邏輯一致。故選E。

【2】空格位于段中。空格前一句句意為“為了寫(xiě)一篇有說(shuō)服力的文章，學(xué)生應(yīng)該知道如何選擇必要的信息和細(xì)節(jié)。”選項(xiàng)A（但是，你怎么知道包含些什么呢？）與上句邏輯一致，并且與下句“能幫助學(xué)生澄清并更好地傳達(dá)他們的想法的信息肯定是很重要的”也能形成很好的問(wèn)答關(guān)系。故選A。

【3】空格位于段尾。空格前一句句意為“為了搞清楚這是什么，你首先應(yīng)該確定你理解了這個(gè)文章的主題�！边x項(xiàng)G（你只有清楚地理解了主題后，你才能選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)睦碛珊屠觼?lái)支持你的想法）與上句邏輯一致，上下句之間形成解釋關(guān)系。并且選項(xiàng)G中的understanding the topic與上句中的understand the theme of the essay形成呼應(yīng)關(guān)系。故選G。

【4】空格位于段中�？崭袂耙痪渚湟鉃椤笆紫饶銘�(yīng)該開(kāi)始想你經(jīng)歷過(guò)的事情，以及為什么一件特殊的事情讓你回味無(wú)窮�！边x項(xiàng)C（通過(guò)這個(gè)過(guò)程，你能夠選擇一件有意義的經(jīng)歷）與其邏輯關(guān)系一直，并且選項(xiàng)C中的choose a meaningful experience與上句中的thinking about the events you’ve experienced形成呼應(yīng)關(guān)系。故選C。

【5】空格位于段首。段落首句的內(nèi)容應(yīng)與段落內(nèi)容保持一致。根據(jù)空格后句意“的確，在你動(dòng)筆之前，你要想想如何將理由、事件及細(xì)節(jié)連接在一起。只有這樣，你才能寫(xiě)出連貫性強(qiáng)的文章�！庇纱丝芍�，這一段主要講述段落連貫性，即如何組織文章的。選項(xiàng)F（然而，即使你想到好的理由和例子，你也必須試著去好好組織你的文章）強(qiáng)調(diào)的也是organize your essay well(好好組織文章)與段落中內(nèi)容一致。故選F。

七選五題目主要考查學(xué)生綜合的英語(yǔ)邏輯思維能力。一篇好的短文，不僅在內(nèi)容上要前后一致，而且還要語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，上下文邏輯意義嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。內(nèi)容的前后一致體現(xiàn)在段內(nèi)及語(yǔ)篇內(nèi)話題的自然過(guò)渡。語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)主要體現(xiàn)為：文章是總分結(jié)構(gòu)，還是按時(shí)間或空間順序發(fā)展的，還是辯證三段論的編排的。邏輯意義的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)最主要的可以通過(guò)代詞、連詞和副詞等形式來(lái)體現(xiàn)。例如本文通過(guò)看首段及后續(xù)段落的小標(biāo)題可知：這篇文章總體上是總分的形式，第二段和第三段內(nèi)容與filling their essays with necessary information and details呼應(yīng)，第四段內(nèi)容與organizing the information呼應(yīng)。根據(jù)這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)就可以確定第二題和第五題答案了。其它三題則依據(jù)上下句之間關(guān)鍵詞的重復(fù)性與指代一致性解題。具體解題步驟參看詳解。所以拿到一篇文章，同學(xué)們首先要根據(jù)篇章類型與空格位置推斷使用什么方法解題，有助于加快解題速度。

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