PART FOUR WRITING
SECTION A
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information for the passage. Write NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS for each answer.
On 3 March 2009, a package of reforms about ATM charge designed to improve competition in the Australian ATM system came into effect. Specifically, the reforms have made it easier for new providers of ATM services to enter the market and have provided ATM owners with the freedom to charge customers for the use of ATMs. Furthermore, the reforms have increased the transparency of ATM fees by ensuring that the fee charged by the ATM owner is displayed prior(在…之前) to the transaction(交易) being finished, with the customer given the opportunity to cancel the transaction at no cost.
One element of the reforms is the removal of interchange fees that card issuers paid to ATM owners when cardholders used ATMs that did not belong to their financial institution. These fees were often passed on, with a huge profit, by card issuers to cardholders in the form of a “foreign fee”. With the removal of interchange fees, the cost to card issuers when their customers use an ATM belonging to another unit has fallen, reducing the need to charge “foreign fees”.
Following the reforms, an ATM owner can charge a cardholder directly for an ATM transaction. When the ATM owner charges such a fee, it must be disclosed before the cardholder withdraws the cash or makes a balance enquiry, and it doesn’t apply if the transaction is cancelled before completion. And an ATM owner could impose direct charges on all customers, including its own if it’s also a financial institution.
Before the reforms, an interchange fee was paid by the cardholder’s financial institution to the ATM owner whenever a “foreign” ATM transaction was undertaken. And now the interchange fee paid has been cancelled and, in line with this, foreign fees have also fallen. In some cases, including two of the major banks, foreign fees were reduced to zero.
Title:   71___________
I. Time of 72.         : on 3 March 2009
II. 73.         : to improve competition in the Australian ATM system
III. 74.          :
u Making it easier for new 75.          to enter the market
u Offering ATM owners the freedom to charge customers for 76.        
u 77. ________________ of ATM fees
u 78.____________that card issuers paid to ATM owners when cardholders used ATMs not belonging to their financial institution
u A cardholder: being charged directly for an ATM transaction
u An ATM owner: being able to 79.          on all customers
IV. 80.          of interchange fee:
u Before the reforms: often being charged by the cardholder’s financial institution
u After the reforms: having fallen and some being reduced to zero


71. ATM Charge Reforms                72. coming into effect / becoming effective
73. Purpose / Aim / Goal / Intention    74. Advantages / Benefits / Good effects / Good results
75. ATM services providers              76. using ATMs     
77. Increasing transparency              78. Removing interchange fees 
79. impose direct charges                80. Comparison / Contrast    

解析

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科目：高中英語 來源：湖南省長沙市2010屆高三下學(xué)期第一次模擬考試（英語） 題型：其他題

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Dieters are often advised to stop drinking alcohol to avoid the extra calories hidden in a glass of wine or a favorite cocktail. But new research suggests that women who regularly consume fair amounts of alcohol are less likely to gain weight than nondrinkers and are at lower risk for fat.

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The findings are certain to be confusing for women who continue to receive conflicting messages about the health benefits and risks of alcohol. Although mild drinking is associated with better heart health, regular drinking also increases breast cancer risk.

The trend toward less weight gain among drinkers doesn’t appear to hold true for men. A 2003 study of British men showed that regular drinkers gained more weight than nondrinkers. There may be differences in how men and women metabolize(代謝) alcohol. Metabolic studies show that after men drink alcohol, they experience little if any metabolic change. But alcohol appears to slightly speed up a woman’s metabolism.

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Title: Women Who Drink Gain     71    

Ⅰ. Widely known advice

Stop drinking alcohol to avoid the extra calories.

Ⅱ. 72    subjects: 19,220 United States women aged 39 or older of    73  

●about 60 percent－light or regular drinkers;

●about 40 percent－  74  

Ⅲ. Findings

● 41 percent becoming overweight or fat;

●nondrinkers gaining more weight over time, 9 pounds on average;

●   75   gaining about three pounds on average;

●compared with nondrinkers, women who consumed one or two alcohol drinks a day almost 30 percent    76   to become fat;

●women being    77   men in metabolism

Ⅳ. 78   fact

Mild drinking may    79   to better heart health, but it also increases breast cancer risk.

Ⅴ. Suggestion and conclusion

●Women should not rush to drink alcohol to lose weight.

●For women with weight problems, alcoholic drinks are probably not the 80 of extra calories.

 

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  An instructor of a computer lab says he's already noticed some difference. Charles Cheadle of Cesar Chavez School says, "Boys are not so afraid they might do something that will harm the computer, whereas girls are afraid they might break it somehow."

    Six years ago, the software company Purple Moon noticed that girls' computer usage was falling behind boys. Karen Gould with the company says, "The number one reason girls told us they don't like computer games is not that they're too violent, or too competitive. Girls just said they're unbelievably boring." What girls want, Purple Moon found, is characters they can relate to and story lines relative to what's going on in their own lives. "What we definitely found from girls is that there is no intrinsic (內(nèi)在的) reason why they wouldn't want to play on a computer; it was just a content thing," says Karen Gould.

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             ◆Boys feel more   74   when using computers.

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◆Girls prefer to use computers for _ 76  .

◆Boys prefer to use computers for   77   and understanding information.

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◆Boys are   78   such worry.

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I. Tsunami:

●72.                 : much of the Pacific, including Hawaii

●Cause: the earthquake moved 73.            

●Wave Heights: about 74.            

●75.          : about 500 mph

II. 76.            :

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●Number: at least 79.           

●Loss caused: 80.          

 

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Listen to and try to understand others’ positions and feelings. Listening in itself can lead to understanding, and if you understand someone else fully, then you know how to work better with him or her.

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