A serious problem for today’s society is who should be responsible for our elderly(老年人) and how to improve their lives. It is not only a financial problem but also a question of the system we want for our society. I would like to suggest several possible solutions to this problem.
First, employers should take the responsibility for their retired employees. To make this possible, a percentage of profits should be set aside for this purpose. But when a company must take life-long responsibility for its employees, it may suffer from a commercial disadvantage due to higher employee costs.
Another way of solving the problem is to return the responsibility to the individual. This means each person must save during his working years to pay for his years of retirement. This does not seem a very fair model since some people have enough trouble paying for their daily life without trying to earn extra to cover their retirement years. This means the government might have to step in to care for the poor.
In addition, the government could take responsibility for the care of the elderly. This could be financed through government taxes to increase the level of pensions（養(yǎng)老金）. Furthermore, some in-situation should be created for senior citizens, which can help provide a comfortable life for them. Unfortunately, as the present situation in our country shows, this is not a truly viable answer. The government can seldom afford to care for the elderly, particularly when it is busy trying to care for the young.
One further solution is that the government or social organizations establish some working places especially for the elderly where they are independent.
To sum up, all these options（選擇）have advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, it is reasonable to expect that some combination of these options may be needed to provide the care we hope to give to our elderly generations.
小題1:What is the passage mainly about?
A．The problems faced by the old in society.
B．Why we should take responsibility for the old.
C．How we can improve the lives of the old.
D．Where the old can go to get their pensions.
小題2:According to the passage, how can the government help to improve the lives of retired people?
A．Set aside some profits to help people with problems after they retire.
B．Increase savings levels of people during their working years.
C．Increase the discounts for food and transport for the old.
D．Make available pensions for those who have retired.
小題3:The underlined word “viable” most probably means “__________”.
A．impossibleB．practicalC．usefulD．successful
小題4:What can be concluded from the passage?
A．Taking care of the old is mainly an issue of money.
B．Employers should allow their workers to retire at a later age.
C．Becoming independent should be the goal of most old people.
D．There is no single solution to the problems of the old.
小題5:What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this article?
A．To point out the need for government support for old people.
B．To make general readers aware of the problems of retired people.
C．To discuss some possible solutions to an important social problem.
D．To instruct retired people on how they can have a happier life.
小題1:C小題1:D小題1:B小題1:D小題1:C
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Healthy eating begins with learning how to “eat smart”. It’s not just what you eat，小題1:.　　　　 how you eat. Pay attention to what you eat and choosing foods that are both nourishing小題2:　　　　 enjoyable  helps support an overall healthy diet.
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Dear Students,
Thank you for your interest in helping with the investigation into mumps(腮腺炎) at University of East Anglia(UEA).
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The oral fluid sample you provide will be tested for mumps antibodies and mumps virus. We will not be reporting results back to individual students. The information gathered will be used to guide public health control of mumps. We will update you via emailing the final outcome to acknowledge your contribution. If you think you have mumps, you will still need to see your GP as per routine.
Part 2: What is involved in the investigation?
(1) We will be contacting you by post to request two oral fluid/saliva samples a few weeks apart and possibly a third sample.
(2) We will contact your GP to collect information on your vaccination records.
What if you change your mind and what safeguards are in place?
Participation is voluntary.
You can withdraw anytime without having to give a reason. Withdrawal will not affect your routine care.
As a public health body, the HPA data collection role is strictly governed. All data will be collected and handled in accordance with strict medical confidences.
Part 3: What to do next if you would like to enroll?
All you have to do now is:
(1)Follow the instructions on the box with regards to taking an oral fluid/saliva swab(棉簽).
(2)Complete the request form. If you are unable to complete the vaccination history section, you can leave it blank.
(3)Confirm your consent by signing below.
(4)Send everything (sample form, signed consent and swab sample) back in the prepaid envelope —a stamp is not required.
If you have any queries, please contact Dr. Chee Yung on 0208 327 7603.
Thank you for your time and consideration.
I consent to take part in the oral fluid/saliva investigation of mumps at UEA by the HPA.
Signature:           
Full name:           
Date:           
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A．find the virus that leads to mumpsB．raise funds for HPA
C．guide public health control of mumpsD．encourage students to help investigate mumps
(   ) 小題2:. It can be inferred from the passage that GP refers to         .
A．parentB．doctorC．colleagueD．classmate
(   )小題3:. According to the passage, the following statements are true EXCEPT that         .
A．a(chǎn)ll the students at University of East Anglia have to take part in the investigation
B．you don’t need to explain why you want to withdraw from the investigation
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A．sent to the GP by the HPAB．collected by individual students
C．managed according to strict medical confidencesD．strictly secret to the HPA
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A．complete the vaccination history section of the request form
B．send the sample form, the signed consent and the swab sample back at your own expense
C．do as the instructions on the box about how to take an oral fluid/saliva swab
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A new walking, talking robot from Japan which has black hair and a woman’s face that can smile will attend a fashion show. It has trimmed down（減少）to 43kg, but it still hasn’t reached the safety standards required to share the catwalk with human models.
Developers at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, a government-backed organization, said their “cybernetic（全自動控制的）human” wasn’t ready to help with daily housework or work side by side with people—as many hope robots will be able to do in the future.
“In technology, it hasn’t reached that level,” said Hirohisa Hirukawa, one of the robot’s developers. “Even as a fashion model, people in the industry told us she was short and had a rather ordinary figure.”
For now, the 158 cm tall black-haired robot named HRP-4C—whose predecessor（前任）had weighed 58 kg — will mainly serve to draw and entertain crowds. Developers said the robot may be used in amusement parks or to perform human movement, as an exercise instructor, for instance.
HRP-4C was designed to look like an ordinary Japnese woman, although its silver-and-black body reminds people of a space suit. It will appear in a Tokyo fashion show — without any clothes — in a special part just for the robot next week.
The robotic framework（框架）for  HRP-4C, without the face and other coverings, will go on sale for about 20 million yen（日元） each. Its programming technology will be made public so other people can come up with fun moves for the robot, the scientists said.
Japan is one of the leading robotics industries in the world, and the government is pushing to develop the industry as a road to growth.
小題1:What do we know about HRP-4C’s predecessor?
A．It is shorter than HRP-4C .    B．It is cleverer than HRP-4C .
C．It is taller than HRP-4C .     D．It is heavier than HRP-4C .
小題2:According to the passage, how many of the following could HRP-4C do?
a． drawing pictures
b.  walking and talking
c.  doing housework
d.  working with people
e. smiling
A．2B．3C．4D．5
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B．Its price is 20 million dollars.
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C．let other people improve itD．help make new face and coverings
小題5:What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．The purpose of making HRP-4C.    B．Robotics industry in Japan.      
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Your body, which has close relations with the food you eat, is the most important thing you own, so it needs proper treatment and proper nourishment (營養(yǎng)).The old saying “An apple a day keeps the doctor away” is not as silly as some people think. The body needs fruit and vegetables because they contain vitamin C. Many people take extra vitamins in pill form, believing that these will make them healthy.
But a good diet is made up of nourishing food and this gives all the vitamins you need. The body doesn’t need or use extra vitamins, so why waste money on them?
In the modern western world, many people are too busy to bother about eating properly. They throw anything into their stomachs, eating hurriedly and carelessly. The list of illnesses caused or made worse by bad eating habits is frightening,
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B．your body is made up of the food you eat
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小題2:The old saying referred to in the passage tells us that ______.
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B．the apple is the best among all kinds of fruits
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小題3:In the second paragraph, the writer tries to let us know ______.
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C．taking extra vitamin pills is completely useless
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A．only eat an apple a day
B．eat properly
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

If you don’t have a college degree, you’re at greater risk of developing memory problems or even Alzheimer’s (老年癡呆). Education plays a key role in lifelong memory performance and risk for mental disorder, and it's well documented that those with a college degree possess a cognitive（認(rèn)知的） advantage over those less educated in middle and old age.
Now, a large national study from Brandeis University published in the American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry shows that those with less schooling can significantly make up for poorer education by frequently engaging in mental exercises such as word games, puzzles, reading, and lectures.
“The lifelong benefits of higher education for memory in later life are quite impressive, but we do not clearly understand how and why these effects last so long,” said lead author Margie Lachman, a psychologist. She suggested that higher education may encourage lifelong interest in cognitive efforts, while those with less education may not engage as frequently in mental exercises that help keep the memory agile (敏捷地).
But education early in adulthood does not appear to be the only route to maintain your memory. The study found that intellectual activities undertaken regularly made a difference. “Among individuals with low education, those who are engaged in reading, writing, attending lectures, doing word games or puzzles once a week or more had memory scores similar to people with more education,” said Lachman.
The study, called Midlife in the United States, assessed 3,343 men and women between the ages of 32 and 84 with an average age of 56 years. Almost 40 percent of the participants had at least a 4-year college degree. The researchers evaluated how the participants performed in two cognitive areas, verbal (言語的)memory and executive function --- brain processes involved in planning, abstract thinking and cognitive flexibility. Participants were given a series of tests, including tests of verbal fluency, word recall, and backward counting.
As expected, those with higher education said they engaged in cognitive activities more often and also did better on the memory tests, but some with lower education also did well, explained Lachman.
“The findings are promising because they suggest there may be ways to level the playing field for those with lower educational achievement, and protect those at greatest risk for memory declines,” said Lachman. “Although we can not rule out the possibility that those who have better memories are the ones who take on more activities, the evidence is consistent with cognitive plasticity (可塑性), and suggests some degree of personal control over cognitive functioning in adulthood by adopting an intellectually active lifestyle.”
小題1: What is the text mainly about?
A．Higher education has a better cognitive advantage.
B．Better memories result from college degree.
C．Cognitive activity does good to one’s mind.
D．Poor education has more risk of memory declines.
小題2:According to the result of Margie Lachman’s study, we can conclude that ________.
A．education is responsible for the lifelong memory performance and risk for mental disorder
B．education early in adulthood can be the only route to maintain your memory
C．those with higher education did better on the memory tests than those with lower education
D．a(chǎn)n intellectually active lifestyle does help to maintain your memory
小題3: What do we know about the study called Midlife?
A．Participants each were given a battery to test their memory.
B．The average age of the participants are 56 years old.
C．Participants had to perform in one of the two cognitive areas.
D．One in four of the participants had a 4-year college degree.
小題4:Why are the findings of the Lachman’s study promising?
A．The lower educated may have the same opportunities to keep up memory.
B．We may have ways to cure the people who have memory declines.
C．Adopting a different lifestyle can control cognitive functioning.
D．We can find out the possibility to have better memories.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Ears are for hearing — everyone knows that. But for a creature called the Cuvier’s beaked whale, hearing starts in the throat (喉嚨), a new study found.
The observation might help explain how all whales hear. The work might also help scientists understand how animals are affected by underwater sonar (聲吶). This sonar, used by some ships, sends out sound waves to locate underwater objects.
The Cuvier’s beaked whale is a so-called toothed whale. Toothed whales dive deep into the ocean in search of food. As the whales hunt, they produce sounds that reach objects and then return to the whales. This allows the animals to “see” the shape, size, and location of objects, even when they’re 1,000 meters under the sea, where it is totally dark.
To better understand how the whale hears, researchers from San Diego State University in California took X rays of two Cuvier’s beaked whales. The whales had died and washed up on the beach.
Ted Cranford and his colleagues used the images to make a computer model of a Cuvier’s beaked whale’s head. Then, they modeled the process of sound traveling through the head.
The researchers knew that some sounds get to the ears of a toothed whale through a structure (構(gòu)造) called “the window for sound”. Found on the lower jaw, this structure is very thin on the outside and has a large pad (墊) of fat on the inside.
When the researchers used their computer model to work out how sound waves travel in the whale’s head, they were surprised to find that sounds coming from right in front of the whale actually travel under the animal’s jaw. From there, sound waves move through the throat, into a hole in the back of the jaw, and finally to the pad of fat near the animal’s ears.
69. 小題1:Toothed whales look for food under the sea by ______.
A．watching the shape and size of their objectsB．diving deep into the sea
C．sending and receiving soundsD．making lots of noises
70. 小題2:Researchers took X rays of two Cuvier’s beaked whales in order to ______.
A．find out why they had died and washed up on the beach
B．make a computer model of a Cuvier’s beaked whale’s head
C．make sure that sound travels through the head
D．know more about the way the whale hears
71. 小題3: Which of the following describes the way taken by sound waves through a Cuvier’s beaked whale?
A．A hole in the back of the jaw → the ears → the jaw → the throat.
B． The jaw → the throat → a hole in the back of the jaw → the ears.
C． The throat → the jaw → the ears → a hole in the back of the jaw.
D．The ears → the throat → a hole in the back of the jaw → the jaw.
72. 小題4:Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage?
A．The throat is important to the Cuvier’s beaked whale’s hearing.
B．Ships send out sound waves like a Cuvier’s beaked whale.
C．The ears are actually useless to the Cuvier’s beaked whale.
D．The researchers haven’t found how the whales hear.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


For many people,  there is only one good reason to go to an amusement park: the roller coaster. But why do People go on roller coasters?
"Where else in the world can you scream at the top of your lungs and throw your arms in the air?"  Frank Farley asks. "If you did that in most other places, they'd take you to your parents and probably put you through a psychological evaluation  (心理檢查)."  Farley is a psychologist at Temple University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Roller coasters are often attractive to kids whose lives are stressful or controlled.  "Roller coasters are a way of breaking out of the humdrum (單調(diào) ) of everyday life.  You can let it all go and scream and shout or do whatever you want," Farley says. It has been proved that many adults feel the same way.
Compared with skateboarding, extreme mountain biking, and other adventure sports, riding roller coasters is safe. Parents usually don't mind when kids go on coasters.  Roller coasters also have a way of bringing people together.  Riders share the thrill and adventure of surviving what feels like an extreme experience.
Whether you like to ride a roller coaster may depend on your personality.  Psychologists say that there is a certain type of person that naturally seeks out extreme experiences. "They enjoy things like change, variety, and intensity (強(qiáng)度)," says Farley. "These people are actually attracted to thrills."  He describes such people as having Type-T personalities ("T" stands for thrill).
He also believes that these thrill seekers are more adventurous and creative than other people. Albert Einstein was a Type T. "If nobody liked to seek stimulation (刺激)," he argues, "the human race wouldn't be where it is today."
1. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The disadvantages of roller coasters.
B. The characteristics of roller coasters.
C. Why many people enjoy roller coasters.
D. How people act when riding roller coasters.
2. According to Farley, what will most people feel after riding a roller coaster?
A. Scared.          B. Confident.    C. Nervous.       D. Relaxed.
3. If a person is a Type T, he seems to           .
A. enjoy adventure sports
B. dislike riding roller coasters
C. like popular sports
D. work well with others
4. According to Farley, to our society, people with Type-T personalities are __
A. dangerous            B. important    C. useless               D. harmful

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