Sometimes, the simplest ideas are the best. For example, to absorb heat from the sun to heat water, you need large, flat, back surfaces. One way to do that is to build those surfaces specially, on the roofs of buildings. But why go to all that trouble when cities are full of black surfaces already, in the form of asphalt(柏油) roads ?

Ten years ago, this thought came into the mind of Arian de Bondt, a Dutch engineer. He finally persuaded his boss to follow it up. The result is that their building is now heated in winter and cooled in summer by a system that relies on the surface of the road outside.

The heat-collector is a system of connected water pipes. Most of them run from one side of the street to the other, just under the asphalt road. Some, however, dive deep into the ground.

When the street surface gets hot in summer, water pumped through the pipes picks up this heat and takes it underground through one of the diving pipes. At a depth of 100 metres lies a natural aquifer(蓄水層) into which several heat exchangers（交換器）have been built. The hot water from the street runs through these exchangers, warming the groundwater, before returning to the surface through another pipe. The aquifer is thus used as a heat store.

In winter, the working system is changed slightly. Water is pumped through the heat exchangers to pick up the heat stored during summer. This water goes into the building and is used to warm the place up. After performing that task, it is pumped under the asphalt and its remaining heat keeps the road free of snow and ice.

Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs ?

Arian de Bondt got his idea from his boss.

Large, flat, black surfaces need to be built in cities.

The Dutch engineer’s system has been widely used.

Heat can also be collected from asphalt roads.

For what purpose are the diving pipes used ?

A. To absorb heat from the sun.              B. To store heat for future use.

C. To turn solar energy into heat energy.       D. To carry heat down below the surface.

From the last paragraph we can learn that __________.

   A. some pipes have to be re-arranged in winter

   B. the system can do more than warming up the building

   C. the exchangers will pick up heat

   D. less heat may be collected in winter than in summer

What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows ?

A. What we shall do if the system goes wrong. 

B. What we shall do if there are no asphalt roads.

C. How the system cools the building in summer.

D. How the system collects heat in spring and autumn.

【小題1】D

【小題2】D

【小題3】B

【小題4】C


解析:

略

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