B
Play is the basic business of childhood, and more and more in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being．From earliest infancy （嬰兒）, every child needs opportunity and the right material for play, and the main tools of play are toys．The main function of toys is to suggest, encourage and assist play．To succeed in this, they must be good toys, which children will play with often, and will come back to again and again．Therefore, it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child’s development.
In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities, is largely determined in the first three years of his life．So a baby’s ability to benefit from the right play materials should not be underestimated．A baby who is encouraged, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully．
The next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds．Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws and construction toys; painting, scribbling and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others．
By the third stage of play development—from five to seven or eight years old— the child is at school．But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school．It is easier to see which type of toys the child most enjoys．
Until the age of seven or eight, play and work mean much the same to a child．But once reading has been mastered, then books and school become the main source of learning．Toys are still interesting and valuable, which lead up to new hobbies, but their significance has changed —to a child of nine or ten years old, toys and games mean, as to adults, relaxation and fun.
小題1:60. The writer wants us to understand that a child_______.
A．cannot grow up without toysB．matures through play
C．uses toys as friendsD．has to be taught how to play
小題2:61. According to the passage, the abilities a child has inherited from his parents ________.
A．determine his character
B．will not change after the age of three
C．partly determine the standard he is likely to reach
D．to a large extent determine the choice of toys
小題3:62. The passage tells us that children are the most curious when they are about______.
A．two years oldB．one year old
C．six years oldD．four years old
小題4:63. The article is about_______.
A．the importance of playB．the importance of books
C．the relationship between play and workD．children’s speech development

小題1:B
小題2:C
小題3:D
小題4:A

試題分析
小題1:細(xì)節(jié)題題干：作者想讓我們理解一個(gè)小孩___
選B（通過(guò)玩耍逐漸成長(zhǎng)），答案依據(jù)：more and more in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being 重要作用其實(shí)就是通過(guò)玩耍逐漸成長(zhǎng)（概念轉(zhuǎn)換）
的考察對(duì)于細(xì)節(jié)題。應(yīng)該確定答案出現(xiàn)的區(qū)域，進(jìn)而從段位和段首往中間查找，縮小答案區(qū)域。最后進(jìn)行句意或概念轉(zhuǎn)換，通常在原文以原句或同義句形式出現(xiàn)。此題的答案在原文中以同義句形式出現(xiàn)。
小題2:細(xì)節(jié)和推理題干：根據(jù)本文可知，孩子從父母那里遺傳而來(lái)的能力____
選C 答案依據(jù)：research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities ，is largely determined in the first three years of his life（概念轉(zhuǎn)換，正反兩面敘述同一問(wèn)題）
A選項(xiàng)無(wú)中生有  B選項(xiàng)偷換概念 原文是：目前對(duì)嬰兒成長(zhǎng)研究報(bào)告表明：一個(gè)孩子可能會(huì)達(dá)到的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，通常是指不超過(guò)自己從父母那里遺傳來(lái)的能力范圍內(nèi)，很大程度上在3歲之前就已經(jīng)決定了。反過(guò)來(lái)說(shuō)：就是孩子從父母那里遺傳來(lái)的能力在一定程度上決定了孩子可能達(dá)到的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。D選項(xiàng)無(wú)中生有
對(duì)于細(xì)節(jié)題。應(yīng)該確定答案出現(xiàn)的區(qū)域，進(jìn)而從段位和段首往中間查找，縮小答案區(qū)域。最后進(jìn)行句意或概念轉(zhuǎn)換，通常在原文以原句或同義句形式出現(xiàn)。此題的答案在原文中以同義句形式出現(xiàn)。
小題3:細(xì)節(jié)題試題分析：題干：文章告訴我們，兒童有很強(qiáng)的好奇心在他們____幾歲時(shí)
選D 答案依據(jù)：The next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds
三到五歲，好奇心沒(méi)有邊界，說(shuō)明兒童有很強(qiáng)的好奇心。
小題4:主旨題題干：這篇文章是關(guān)于____
通讀全文可知，全篇文章都圍繞玩耍和孩子的成長(zhǎng)為中心展開(kāi)，所以是玩耍的重要性。
考點(diǎn);考察報(bào)告類短文
點(diǎn)評(píng)：該篇文章主要講述了玩耍和兒童成長(zhǎng)的重要性，多以細(xì)節(jié)題考察為主，作答時(shí)，應(yīng)提高閱讀的速度和尋找答案區(qū)域和縮寫(xiě)答案區(qū)域的能力�？忌谧鞔鸫祟愋皖}，應(yīng)以細(xì)節(jié)為主。
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When they use their own cars they are
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