Question

4．Society is the term to describe human beings gathered together by social networks t and power networks．It does not refer to everything everybody thinks or does，but，only refer to those things that everybody depends upon，for example，public services，governments，and all kinds of communities．
A society must keep even the poorest and weakest members willing to help even the richest and strongest，so it is very concerned with citizenship，rights，ethics （倫 理）and time limits．These are basic ways to achieve fairness．If they break down badly，people will think the society is unfair and start taking things from each other，refusing to help each other，or seeing those who have more as cheats．
When this happens，it is time for the society to break down or fail．Theft，violence and war are things that can make a society break down．A new society may be formed out of the collapse （崩潰）of an old failed one when people of different kinds reach an agreement about fairness and are willing to live together in harmony again．
To adapt to the society，people should make sure that their behavior can be supported by the society，that is to say，there must be some social rules on which citizens base what they do．However，some people take risks that the society will support them when they do whatever they intend to．For instance，they may refuse to obey the law，and count on their fellow society members to free them in a court of appeal，which harms the society．
Therefore we need a social contract which sets out rules for the society．One kind of the social contract is a constitution （憲法）-which allows a jury or court to decide what is right or wrong according to the social rules．
48．What makes up a society according to the passage？B
A．Human beings and everything they do and think．
B．Human beings and what they rely on to live．
C．Citizenship，rights，ethics and time limits．，
D．Social fairness，public services and social rules．
49．We know from the passage thatA
A．Social fairness is very important for a society to survive
"B．there must be a war to end an old society and build a new one
C．only the poorest are willing to help the richest in a society
D．the poor people in a society are always cheated by those wealthy ones
50．According to the writer，some people refuse to obey the law becauseC
A．their friends always free them in a court of appeal
B．they believe whatever they do is supported by the society
C．there is no social rule to restrict their behavior
D．they think the society is unfair and going to fail
51．What does the author mean in the last paragraph？B
A．A social contract must be a constitution．
B．Keeping social rules is very important．
C．A society should build more courts．
D．People can't decide what is right without a constitution．

Answer 1

分析 文章講述了社會(huì)的構(gòu)成．社會(huì)是有公共設(shè)施，政府和團(tuán)體構(gòu)成的．理想的社會(huì)應(yīng)該是人人都互相幫助，公民權(quán)利，倫理道德起著很大的作用．一旦社會(huì)規(guī)則被破壞，那么社會(huì)就會(huì)解體，新的社會(huì)就會(huì)取代．因此，建立在公平基礎(chǔ)上的社會(huì)規(guī)則很重要，憲法就是這樣的規(guī)則，它可以讓人們知道什么是對(duì)的，什么是錯(cuò)的．

解答 答案：48．B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題．文章第一段說(shuō)only refer to those things that everybody depends upon，for example，public services，governments，and all kinds of communities社會(huì)指的是所有事物和每個(gè)人賴以生存的東西．故選B．
49．A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題．文章第二段說(shuō)These are basic ways to achieve fairness．If they break down badly，people will think the society is unfair and start taking things from each other，refusing to help each other，or seeing those who have more as cheats社會(huì)公平很重要，一旦公平被破壞，那么社會(huì)就會(huì)出現(xiàn)爾虞我詐，社會(huì)就會(huì)解體．故選A．
50．C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題．文章第四段說(shuō)there must be some social rules on which citizens base what they do必須要有社會(huì)規(guī)則，否則一些人就會(huì)以身試法．故選C．
51．B 推理判斷題．文章最后說(shuō)Therefore we need a social contract which sets out rules for the society我們要用社會(huì)規(guī)則來(lái)組成共同遵守的社會(huì)契約．故選B．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 閱讀理解是考查語(yǔ)篇理解能力．�？嫉念}型有：推理判斷題；主旨大意題；細(xì)節(jié)理解題；猜測(cè)詞意題．近幾年又出現(xiàn)了兩種新的考查方式：寫作態(tài)度判斷題和文章結(jié)構(gòu)題．解題時(shí)，在讀懂文章的基礎(chǔ)上，還有特別注意掌握題型的特征，尤其是細(xì)節(jié)題和推斷題不可混淆：細(xì)節(jié)題是文章信息的再現(xiàn)；推斷題是文章信息的提�。�本題是廣告類文章，考查主要是以細(xì)節(jié)題為主，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意常用的出題陷阱有：夸大，縮小，張冠李戴，偷梁換柱，無(wú)中生有等，做題時(shí)要看清看準(zhǔn)．