【題目】單句填空

【1】In the market, vegetables are sold by ________ kilogram. I mean, by weight.

【2】We were about to set off ________ it suddenly began to rain.

【3】The two ladies are ____ the same age.

【4】Mr. Smith ________ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether he has finished it.

【5】Time ________ (permit), we’ll go to visit the Great Wall on National Day.

【6】It will certainly be of great help to Tom, if there is a good environment, enough books and ______ (equip), as well as instruction from his teachers and friends.

【7】Our present technology makes ________ possible for nations to develop new resources.

【8】He had no choice but ________ (wait).

【9】Lincoln said, “ Give me six hours to chop down a tree, _______ I will spend the first four hours sharpening the axe(斧頭).

【10】_______Amy didn’t know was that her kindness would set off a chain reaction.

【答案】

【1】the

【2】when

【3】of

【4】was writing

【5】permitting

【6】equipment

【7】it

【8】to wait

【9】and

【10】What

【解析】

本大題為完成句子。要根據(jù)所給的語境填出所缺少的單詞。這種題不僅要找出所用的單詞，還要根據(jù)其在句中所作的成分確定其正確的詞性，時態(tài)及語態(tài)。在本大題中尤其要特殊注意英語中的習(xí)慣用法及固定搭配。

【1】考查固定用法。句意：在市場上，蔬菜按公斤出售。我是說，按重量計算。英語中by + the+可數(shù)名詞，by+不可數(shù)名詞。公斤kilogram為可數(shù)名詞，故 “按公斤”為“by the kilogram”，因此要加the。

【2】考查固定句式。句意：我們正要出發(fā)，突然下起雨來了。It was about to do ….when….，為固定句式，意為“正要做某事，突然（發(fā)生某事），故填when。

【3】考查固定用法。句意：兩位女士年齡相同。of the same age為固定用法，意為“相同的年齡，屬于同一年齡的”，故填of。

【4】考查謂語動詞的時態(tài)。句意：史米斯先生去年在寫一本關(guān)于中國的書，但我不知道他是否已經(jīng)完成了。根據(jù)后一句 “但我不知道他是否已完成”，可知，只知道他去年在寫書，所以要用過去進(jìn)行時，因此本空填was writing。

【5】考查非謂語。句意：如果時間允許的話，我們國慶節(jié)就去參觀長城。分析句子可知，本句為省略句，完整的句子為：If time permits , we’ll go to visit the Great Wall on National Day。從句省略了連詞if后，要用非謂語。time與動詞permit是主動關(guān)系，所以要用動詞的ing形式。因此要填permitting。

【6】考查名詞。分析句子可知，本句中的equip在句子中與books一起作表語，二者都被形容詞enough修飾，故要用名詞其名詞形式，因此要填equipment。

【7】考查代詞it作形式賓語。句意：我們現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)使各國有可能開發(fā)新資源。分析句子可知，it在句中作make的形式賓語，真正的賓語是to develop new resources，代替動詞不定式作形式賓語要用代詞it，因此填it。

【8】考查固定搭配。句意：他別無選擇，只能等。have no choice but to do…為固定搭配，意為“別無選擇，只好…..”，故本空要填 to wait。

【9】考查固定句式。句意：Lincoln說：“給我六個小時砍一棵樹，我會花四個小時磨斧頭�！笨疾榫涫健捌钍咕洌�and+陳述句”，故本空要填and。

【10】考查名詞從句。分析句子____ Amy didn’t know was that…可知，本句為主語從句，從句中的know沒有賓語，所以填What。

1.by表示“依據(jù)”講的時候，后面跟抽象名詞是不用任何冠詞的，即by + 可數(shù)名詞。如：

by weight/lengh /width按重量/長度/寬度

by the hour/day/week/month 按小時/日/周/月

by the square metre 按平方米

by the kilo/gallon 按公斤/加侖

如第1小題，按公斤kilogram，這是一個可數(shù)名詞，故用by the kilogram

2. 但跟表示單位的可數(shù)名詞習(xí)慣上就加定冠詞，即by + 不可數(shù)名詞，如：

by weight/volume 按重量/體積 by age/sex/ height 按年齡/性別/身體高度

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