完形填空

Space is a dangerous place,not only because of meteors(流星)but also because of rays from the sun and other stars.The atmosphere again acts   1   our protective blanket on   2  .Light gets through,and this is essential for   3   to make the food which we   4  .Heat,   5  , makes our environments tolerable and some ultraviolet rays penetrate(穿透)the   6  .Cosmic(宇宙的)rays of various kinds come   7   the air from outer space,but   8   quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off.  9   men leave the   10   they are exposed to this radiation;   11   their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft,if they are inside,   12   prevent a lot of radiation damage.Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in   13  .Doses(劑量)of radiation are measured in   14   called “rems(雷姆)”.We all   15   radiation here on earth from the sun,from cosmic rays and from radioactive minerals.The “  16  ” dose of radiation that we receive each year is about two millirems;it   17   according to where you live,and this is a very rough estimate.Scientists have reason to think   18   a man can   19   more radiation without being damaged;the figure of 60 rems has been   20  

(1)

[  ]

A.

for

B.

with

C.

on

D.

as

(2)

[  ]

A.

stars

B.

sun

C.

earth

D.

space

(3)

[  ]

A.

people

B.

factories

C.

farmers

D.

plants

(4)

[  ]

A.

use

B.

live

C.

eat

D.

get

(5)

[  ]

A.

again

B.

also

C.

besides

D.

too

(6)

[  ]

A.

environment

B.

space

C.

atmosphere

D.

earth

(7)

[  ]

A.

across

B.

to

C.

from

D.

through

(8)

[  ]

A.

extreme

B.

enormous

C.

various

D.

proper

(9)

[  ]

A.

As soon as

B.

As well as

C.

As much as

D.

As possible as

(10)

[  ]

A.

earth

B.

atmosphere

C.

houses

D.

shelter

(11)

[  ]

A.

but

B.

because

C.

so

D.

so that

(12)

[  ]

A.

get

B.

make

C.

have

D.

do

(13)

[  ]

A.

earth

B.

atmosphere

C.

space

D.

environment

(14)

[  ]

A.

pieces

B.

units

C.

parts

D.

elements

(15)

[  ]

A.

receive

B.

accept

C.

bring

D.

catch

(16)

[  ]

A.

total

B.

common

C.

general

D.

normal

(17)

[  ]

A.

shifts

B.

changes

C.

modifies

D.

varies

(18)

[  ]

A.

what

B.

which

C.

that

D.

why

(19)

[  ]

A.

put up with

B.

keep up with

C.

come up with

D.

catch up with

(20)

[  ]

A.

found

B.

pointed

C.

agreed

D.

described

答案:1.D;2.C;3.D;4.C;5.D;6.C;7.D;8.B;9.A;10.B;11.A;12.D;13.C;14.B;15.A;16.D;17.D;18.C;19.A;20.C;
解析:

(1)

act as意為“充當(dāng)、起……作用”,act for意為“代表、代理”,act on意為“按照”,本句意為“大氣層起到保護(hù)傘的作用”。

(2)

顯然,是對(duì)地球的保護(hù)。

(3)

利用光來(lái)制造食物是植物的本能。

(4)

只有eat與先行詞food和定語(yǔ)從句“which we……”搭配。

(5)

本句意為“熱不僅使我們的生存環(huán)境溫度適宜,而且紫外線也能穿透大氣”。also一般緊跟動(dòng)詞;besides一般用在句前,too可用在句中,用逗號(hào)隔開。

(6)

根據(jù)上題所講,penetrate這個(gè)動(dòng)詞后面應(yīng)接atmosphere(大氣)這個(gè)名詞。

(7)

這里的come through相當(dāng)于penetrate(穿透)。come across意為“偶遇”,come to意為“來(lái)到”,come from意為“來(lái)自”。本句意為“各類來(lái)自外部空間的宇宙射線穿透大氣層……”,故選come through。

(8)

extreme意為“極端的”,various意為“各種各樣的”,proper意為“合適的”。在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有enormous表示“大量的”。

(9)

as soon as意為“一旦;一……就……”,as well as意為“除……之外”,as much as意為“和……一樣多”,as possible as意為“盡可能的”。

(10)

前面說(shuō)了大氣層(atmosphere)對(duì)人類的保護(hù)主要是擋住對(duì)人體有害的輻射,因此,一旦離開大氣層的保護(hù),人就會(huì)暴露在輻射中。

(11)

本句前半句的意思是“人們一離開大氣層就會(huì)接觸射線”,后半句意思是“他們的太空服和太空船會(huì)阻止射線造成的損害”。前后應(yīng)該是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故用but。

(12)

“do+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。注意if they are inside是插入語(yǔ),prevent是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。

(13)

由radiation和explorers可推測(cè),應(yīng)選space(太空)。本句意為“射線是探險(xiǎn)者在太空可遭遇的已知的最大危險(xiǎn)”。

(14)

unit意為“單位、單元”,element意為“元素”,part意為“部分”,piece意為“碎片”。本句意為“射線的多少可以用雷姆這個(gè)測(cè)量單位測(cè)量”。

(15)

receive表示客觀收到;accept表示主觀接受。我們受到的輻射并非主觀接受。

(16)

total意為“總量”。從下一句話可知,不同的人在全年中受到的輻射量是不同的,所以不可能有總量;common意為“共同的、普通的”;general意為“一般的、總體的”;normal意為“正常的”。本句意為“我們每年接受的正常輻射量……”,故選normal。

(17)

shift意為“移動(dòng)、轉(zhuǎn)換”,convert意為“轉(zhuǎn)換”,modify意為“修改”,vary意為“變化”。根據(jù)句意,所處地點(diǎn)不同,所受輻射量也不一樣……,故選varies。

(18)

本句應(yīng)填入引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的代詞,而從句不缺少主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ),因而不選擇what和which,又加之主句是陳述語(yǔ)氣,故選that。

(19)

put up with意為“忍受”,固定搭配。keep up with和catch up with意為“趕上、跟上”,come up with意為“提出”。

(20)

科學(xué)家認(rèn)為人類在現(xiàn)有的輻射量基礎(chǔ)上還可以再多承受些,而60雷姆的量是個(gè)科學(xué)家們普遍認(rèn)為適合的量,因此要用agreed。


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【小題1】.
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【小題2】.
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   閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

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26. A. ground        B. bottom                 C. floor               D. surface

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33. A. so              B. instead                    C. thus              D. but

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35. A. in                      B. on                          C. over                 D. at

36. A. input           B. activity                C. output            D. movement

37. A. downward         B. upward                    C. forward           D. onward

38. A. pressure     B. surface                C. climate          D. appearance

39. A. from          B. into                     C. in                    D. on

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14.A. known                B. applied             C. arranged                  D. read

15.A. going                 B. existing            C. preparing                 D. ending

16.A. pleased                   B. hopeful            C. curious                    D. anxious

17.A. provided             B. challenged               C. reminded                 D. puzzled

18.A. young                 B. busy                 C. poor                        D. old

19.A. proud                 B. ashamed .         C. cautious                   D. aware

20.A. fortune            B. influence          C. promise                D. contribution

 

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