Being alone in outer space can be frightening. That is one reason why astronauts on solo (單獨(dú)的) space flights were given plenty of work to keep them  45  . They were also constant communication with people on the earth.  46 , being with people from whom you cannot get away might be even harder than being alone. This is what happens on long submarine (潛水艇) voyages. It will also happen on  47  space flights in the future. Will there be special problem of adjustment under such conditions?

Scientists have studied the reactions of men to one another during long submarine voyages. They have found that the longer the voyage lasts, the more serious the problem of 48  is. When men are  49  together for a long period, they begin to feel uneasy. Everyone has little habits of speaking and behaving that are ordinarily acceptable. In the limited space over a long period of time, however, these little habits may become very  50 .

Apparently, although no one wants to be  51  all the time, everyone needs some degree of privacy. When people are enclosed together, they are in what is called a stress situation. That means that they are under an unusual amount of  52  or stress.

People who are well-adjusted are able to  53  stress situations better than others. That is one reason why so much care is taken in  54  our astronauts. These men undergo a long period of testing and training. One of the things tested is their behavior under stress.

45. A. tired     B. asleep C. conscious   D. busy

46. A. So far  B. After all     C. However    D. Therefore

47. A. long     B. fast     C. dangerous   D. direct

48. A. fuel      B. entertainment     C. adjustment  D. health

49. A. shut up B. held up      C. brought up D. picked up

50. A. pleasing       B. annoying    C. common     D. valuable

51. A. noisy    B. alone  C. personal     D. sociable

52. A. emphasis     B. conflict      C. power D. pressure

53. A. handle  B. create  C. affect  D. investigate

54. A. becoming    B. choosing    C. ordering     D. promoting

45-54 DCACA BBDAB


解析:

主要內(nèi)容是：獨(dú)自一人在太空中飛行讓人感到孤獨(dú)、壓抑�？茖W(xué)家門(mén)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間乘坐潛水艇航行，需要對(duì)情緒作一些調(diào)整，否則就會(huì)處于一種長(zhǎng)期的壓抑狀態(tài)中。在挑選飛行員時(shí)，要選那些心理素質(zhì)好的，訓(xùn)練時(shí)特別注意他們處于壓抑狀態(tài)中的反應(yīng)。

45．D 形容詞詞義辨析

讓獨(dú)自進(jìn)行太空飛行的宇航員有事情可做，使他們處于忙碌的狀態(tài)（不至于感到孤獨(dú)）。

46．C 連接性副詞詞語(yǔ)辨析。

根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，此處表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選C項(xiàng)。so far迄今為止，表時(shí)間；therefore 表因果關(guān)系；after all 用來(lái)提醒對(duì)方注意。

47．A 形容詞詞義辨析。

上文 “This is what happened on long…”已暗示，故選A項(xiàng)。

48．C 名詞詞義辨析。

短文第一段最后一句中 “special problems of adjustment…”已暗示，因此填adjustment。

49．A 動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。

shut up關(guān)閉，封閉。當(dāng)人們被封閉的時(shí)候，就會(huì)開(kāi)始感到不安。hold up劫持；bring up 撫養(yǎng)；pick up 讓某人搭車(chē)。

50．B 形容詞詞義辨析。

根據(jù)句意：“在有限的空間中呆很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，既不說(shuō)話(huà)，也不挪動(dòng)會(huì)使人變得厭煩�！盇, C, D三項(xiàng)均不合乎題意。

51．B 形容詞詞義辨析。

前后句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，只有B項(xiàng)與后半句中privacy的意義相近。

52．D 名詞詞義辨析。

由空格后的or可推斷，所填之詞應(yīng)與stress意義相近，只有D項(xiàng)符合。

53．A 動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。

根據(jù)句意，空格內(nèi)應(yīng)填一個(gè)表“應(yīng)對(duì)，處理”的詞，只有A項(xiàng)符合。create創(chuàng)造，帶來(lái)；affect影響；investigate調(diào)查。

54．B 動(dòng)詞詞義辨析

根據(jù)上文，心理素質(zhì)好的人比別人更能很好地應(yīng)對(duì)壓抑（stress situations）。在挑選飛行員的時(shí)候要特別注意這一點(diǎn)。become成為；order預(yù)訂；promote促進(jìn)，促使。

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