.

Patients and doctors alike have long believed in the healing (治療) power of humor. It is claimed that humor not only affects patients’ moods, but can actually help them recover faster.

Several studies seem to support this. Patients in better spirits are known to have higher immune cell counts. Some have even claimed to have healed themselves of serious illnesses by reading comics and watching comedies.

Despite all this, many researchers are not convinced. They point out the fact that many sufferings have been known to disappear naturally, with or without a daily dose of laughter. They also say that while optimism in general does seem to be related to better health, it is hard to tell which comes first.

Humor in times of stress, however, clearly makes us feel better. On one level, it takes our minds off our troubles and relaxes us. On another, it releases powerful endorphins, a chemical produced by your body that reduces pain.

There are cases where the appreciation of a good joke is indeed directly related to a person’s health. It can show, for example, whether a person has suffered damage to one particular area of the brain: the right frontal lobe (額葉).

Scientists confirmed this by having people read jokes and asking them to choose the funniest endings from a list. Subjects with normal brains usually chose endings that were based on a relatively complex synthesis (綜合) of ideas. Subjects with specifically located brain damage, however, responded only to slapstick (鬧劇) endings, which did not depend on a particular context. When pressed, the brain-damaged subjects saw the logic in the correct endings. They simply did not find them funny.

Of course, humor is largely an individual matter. Next time your friend does not get one of your jokes, there is no need to accuse him of being a lamebrain. However, you might suggest that he lighten up—for the health of it.

58. We can infer from the passage that ________.

A. all researchers have agreed on the healing power of humor

B. people seldom accuse their friends of not understanding jokes

C. the author holds a positive attitude to the healing power of humor

D. reading comics will surely become a popular way of treating diseases

59. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Many researchers are not convinced of the healing power of humor.

B. Patients in bad moods are known to have higher immune cell counts.

C. Optimism in general does seem to be related to better health.

D. People should try their best to cheer up for their good health.

60. Scientists had some people read jokes and asked them to choose the funniest endings from a list to confirm that ________.

A. the brain-damaged people are different from those with normal brains

B. a person with a normal brain usually responds to slapstick endings

C. a person suffering certain brain damage doesn’t appreciate a good joke

D. humor takes our minds off our troubles by releasing powerful endorphins

61. Which would be the best title for the passage?

A. Which comes first, humor or health?             B. Humor can cure different illnesses

C. People need humor in times of stress         D. Humor contributes to good health

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科目：高中英語 來源：2014屆廣東省高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

An experimental treatment that causes AIDS patients to develop a dangerously high fever has shown promise as a way of prolonging and improving the patients’ life.Called the Biologic-HT System, the new treatment lets doctors extract the blood of a patient and heat it before circulating it back into the body. The heated blood causes the patient’s body temperature to rise above 42 degrees Celsius. In people with AIDS, that increase in temperature kills some heat-sensitive HIV, the virus, most doctors say, causes AIDS.

Heating the blood of AIDS patients has been tried before, say doctors. But during previous attempts, the treatment induced deadly chemical changes in the blood. The Biologic-HT System prevents those changes from happening, allowing the heat to kill viruses with few ill side effects.

The new heat treatment cannot be considered a cure for Aids, says president of the company that makes the system. He says the treatment doesn’t kill all traces of the virus. However, it kills enough virus particles to give a patient’s immune system a reprieve in its deadly duel with HIV.

Tests of the Biologic-HT treatment began on 36 patients earlier this year. The treatment takes about four hours, and the patient normally feels well enough to leave the hospital or clinic the following morning.

So far, the patients who have had the treatment say they feel better and have developed no new opportunistic infections—disease that strike people with damaged immune systems. The patients also have experienced about a 50 percent increase in the number of T cells in their bodies. T cells are key disease-fighting cells of the immune system and the main target of HIV.

1.This passage is mainly concerned with ____________.

A． a way for treating AIDS

B． a heat-sensitive virus

C． the immune system of the human body

D． the function of high temperature

2.The blood of the patient___________.

A． is heated with a single injection

B． is heated by being circulated at a higher rate

C． is taken out from the body and then circulated through a heating system.

D．is taken out from the body, heated outside and then put back into the body.

3.The previous attempts to use high temperature for treating AIDS failed because they_________.

A．caused chemical changes

B．could not kill HIV effectively

C．resulted in deaths

D．killed both HIV and healthy cells

4.According to the passage, the new treatment___________.

A．can kill all the HIV viruses

B．cannot eliminate the viruses completely

C． can double the number of disease-fighting cells

D．can reconstruct the patient’s immune system.

5.The result of the experiment seems to be ___________.

A．disappointing      B．incomplete        C．successful         D．surprising

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆甘肅省高二下學(xué)期第二次月考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

There is an English saying, “Laughter is the best medicine.” Until recently, few people took the saying seriously. Now however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body. They have found that laughter really can improve people’s health.

Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films while doctors checked their heart, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. It increases blood pressure, makes the heart beat quicker and makes people breathe deeper; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial.

Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programmes. The group that tolerated (忍耐) the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny programme. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemical in the brain which diminishes both stress and pain.

As a result of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they help to improve their patients’ condition by encouraging them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.

1.According to the passage, which of the following statements is WRONG?  

A．Laughter is good for health.

B．Laughter can make you become old quickly.

C．Laughter helps to reduce pain.

D．Laughter, just like physical exercise, is good for our body.

2.The underlined word “diminishes” in the third paragraph means “         ”.  

A．delays

B．prevents

C．increases

D．reduces

3.Why do doctors hold laughter clinics? 

A．Because they want to earn more money.

B．Because they think they will help the patients recover from illnesses.

C．Because they want to improve their patients’ health.

D．Because they want their patients to laugh more.

4.According to the author, we should __________ in our life. 

A．laugh as much as possible

B．watch more funny films

C．smile all the time

D．spend time in the laughter clinics

5.What would be the best title for this passage?  

A．Both laughter and physical exercise are good for health.

B．Laughter clinics can help patients improve their condition.

C．Laughter can reduce the effect of pain.

D．Laughter is the best medicine.

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆甘肅省高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Children like to imagine they are someone else in a game. As a parent you might never guess how it can benefit your child. It helps your child：

Develop Social Skills

As children play pretend games，they explore relationships between family members，friends and co­workers and learn more about how people interact.Playing doctors，they imagine how physicians care for their patients.Imaginative play helps develop empathy(移情) with others.If children can imagine how it feels to be left out of a game or to lose a pet，they are better able to help those in need.They become more willing to play fair，to share，and to cooperate.

Build Self­confidence

Young children have very little control over their lives.Imagining oneself as a builder of skyscrapers or a super hero defending the planet is inspiring to children.It helps them develop confidence in their abilities and their potential.

Promote Intellectual Growth

Using imagination is the beginning of abstract thought.Children who can see a king's castle in a mound of sand or a delicious dinner in a mud pie are learning to think symbolically.This skill is important in school where a child will have to learn that numbers symbolize groups of objects，letters symbolize sounds，and so on.

Practice Language Skills

Kids who pretend with their friends do a lot of talking.This helps increase their vocabulary，improve sentence structure and develop communication skills.

Get Rid of Fears

Pretending can help children get rid of their fears and worries.When children role­play the big，bad monster under the bed，they gain a sense of control over him and he doesn't seem quite so big or so bad.

1.Which of the following can help children develop social skills in a game?

A．Pretending to be a super hero.

B．Preparing a delicious dinner with mud.

C．Helping a doctor to attend patients.

D．Pretending to be a doctor.

2.Why can imagination build children's self­confidence?

A．It makes them feel as if they were much more powerful than they really are.

B．It helps them protect people and make much greater progress.

C．It helps them gain control over themselves.

D．It makes them more willing to play fair.

3.Which of the following is NOT true according to the article?

A．While playing pretend games，children learn to get along with others.

B．Playing pretend games helps children to do well while they are in school.

C．Playing pretend games only helps children psychologically.

D．Playing pretend games is good for children's development.

4.The best title for this passage probably is________.

A．Benefits of Playing Pretend Games

B．Tips on How to Improve Your Children's Imagination

C．Advantages of Playing Outdoors

D．Skills in Playing Pretend Games

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆上海市高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單項(xiàng)填空

Scientists _______ a lot of experiments on animals, hoping to find and effective way to cure the patients who had AIDS.

A．carried on

B．carried out

C．carried away

D．carried off

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：湖南省六校2010屆高三下學(xué)期第一次仿真模擬聯(lián)考（英語） 題型：閱讀理解

Doctors recognize obesity as a health problem. So why is it so hard for them to talk to their patients about it?

The results of two surveys, one of primary care physicians and the other of patients, found that while most doctors want to help patients lose weight and think it is their responsibility to do so, they often don’t know what to say.

So while doctors may tell patients they are overweight, the conversation often ends there, said Christine C. Ferguson, director of the Stop Obesity Alliance. Without being told about options for diabetes, she said. “Doctors don’t feel they have good information to give. They felt they didn’t have adequate tools to address this problem.”

The lack of dialogue hurts patients, too. The patient survey, of over 1,000 adults, found that most overweight patients don’t even know at they’re too heavy. Only 39 percent of overweight people surveyed had ever been told by a health care provider that they were overweight.

Of those who were told they were obese, 90 percent were also told by their doctors to lose weight, the survey found. In fact most have tried to lose weight and may have been successful in the past — and many are still trying, the survey found. And many understand that losing even a small amount of weight can have a positive impact on their health and reduce their risk of obesity-related diseases like hypertension and diabetes.

Dr. William Bestermann Jr., medical director of Holston Medical Group, in Kingsport, Tenn., which ranks 10th in obesity among metropolitan areas in the United States, said the dialogue had to be an ongoing one and could not be dropped after just one mention of the problem. “If you’re going to be successful with helping your patients lose weight, you’re going to have to talk to them at virtually every visit about their progress, and find something to encourage them about, find progress in some aspect of their care and coach them,” he said.

He acknowledged that many doctors tend to be optimistic.

“Part of this is that there’s this common belief, and doctors are burdened by it, too, that heavy people are weak-willed and just don’t have any willpower and are self-indulgent and all that business,” he said. “If you think that way, you’re not going to spend time having a productive conversation.”

61．What is most probably the Stop Obesity Alliance, as in Paragraph 3?

A．An organization of doctors specializing in obesity.

B．An organization of patients suffering from obesity.

C．A research group that conducts special surveys about overweight people.

D．A research group dealing with doctor – patient relationship.

62．How many of the patients surveyed have been advised by their doctors to lose weight?

A．About 350.             B．About 390.      C．About 900.             D．1,000.

63．What can be inferred about obesity patients in Paragraph 5?

A．They are not as hopeless as doctors think they are.

B．Most of them have tried hard to lose weight, but in vain.

C．Without their doctors’ constant coaching, there is little chance of their succeeding in losing weight.

D．Most of them have just given up their hope of becoming less heavy.

64．According to the passage, which factor contributes to the lack of dialogue between doctors and patients?

A．Most doctors just never think of warning their patients about their weight problem.

B．Many doctors find it difficult to persuade overweight people to lose weight.

C．Most patients are too weak – willed to do anything about their weight.

D．Many patients tend not to trust their doctors about their weight problem.

65．Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A．Obesity in the U.S.

B．Trouble of overweight Americans

C．Talk more, help better

D．Doctors or patients – who to bear more blame?

 

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