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閱讀理解。
     It is often said that politeness costs nothing. In fact, it seems that a little more courtesy could save
businesses ￡5billion every year.
     Frequently hearing the phrase "thank you" or "well done" means the same to staff as a modest pay rise,
researchers say. Praise and encouragement also makes employees more likely to work hard and stay in
their jobs, saving on the cost of finding replacements.
     A third of 1,000 workers surveyed by consulting firm White Water Strategies said they did not get
thanked at all when they did well, and a further third said they were not thanked enough. In both cases,
staff said they felt undervalued, meaning they were less likely to exert themselves and were more likely
to look for employment elsewhere. The net result is around ￡5.2billion in lost productivity from employees
who would raise their game if they felt more appreciated, White Water claimed. According to the company,
praising staff has the same motivational kick as a 1 per cent pay rise-and works out much cheaper for bosses.
Three out of four employees said that regular acknowledgement by their bosses was important to them, but
only a quarter said they were actually given as much praise as they felt they needed. The survey found that
those in blue-collar and manual jobs were less likely to be given any recognition for doing well. 
      In regional terms, Scottish staff felt most undervalued. Four out of ten workers said they were never
thanked and eight out of ten said they would like more praise. However, workers in the North-East are less
impressed by being buttered up by the boss, as only 69 per cent said they felt the need to be told "well done"
regularly.
     Older employees and women need the most reassurance, according to psychologist Averil Leimon, a
director of White Water Strategies. She said that words of praise did more than create a pleasant place to
work-they could even boost profits.
1. What can we infer from the text?
A. Three out of four employees said they were given as much praise as they felt they needed.
B. British staff felt most undervalued than staff of other counties.
C. White-collar were more likely to be praised than manual jobs.
D. Praise and encouragement can make employees more likely to work hard than stay in their jobs.
2. From the 4th paragraph, we know workers in the North-East of England are _____ than Scottish staff.
A. more eager for boss' praise
B. less likely to be moved by boss' praise
C. less eager for boss' praise
D. more likely to be moved by boss' praise
3. According to psychologist Averil Leimon, what kind of person need the most praise?
A. Older male employees.
B. Older female employees.
C. Young female employees.
D. Young female employees.
4. What does "Politeness costs nothing." mean?
A. Politeness can make you lose a lot.
B. You have to cost no money to become polite.
C. If you are polite, you don't have to cost anything to get everything.
D. Politeness benefits you a lot.
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閱讀理解

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三、閱讀理解：

It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstandings between them. They have always complained, more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they are possessive and dominant; that they do not trust their children to deal with crises; that they talk too much about certain problems and that they have no sense of humor, at least in parent-child relationships.

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Young people often irritate their parents with their choices in clothes and hairstyles, in entertainers and music. This is not their motive. They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yet been accepted. So they create a culture and society of their own. Then, if it turns out that their music or entertainers or vocabulary or clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents, this gives them additional enjoyment. They feel they are superior, at least in a small way, and that they are superior, at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style and taste.

Sometimes you are resistant and proud because you do not want your parents to approve of what you do. If they did approve, it looks as if you are betraying your own age group. But in that case, you are assuming that you are the underdog: you can’t win but at least you can keep your honor. This is a passive way of looking at things. It is natural enough after long years of childhood, when you were completely under your parents’ control. But it ignores the fact that you are now beginning to be responsible for yourself.

If you plan to control your life, co-operation can be part of that plan. You can charm others, especially parents, into doing things the way you want. You can impress others with your sense of responsibility and initiative, so that they will give you the authority to do what you want to do.

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B. misunderstanding between teenagers and their parents.

C. the dominance of the parents over their children

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A. obedient    B. responsible   C. co-operative   D. independent.

 

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