Question

Sex prejudices are based on and justified by the ideology(意識形態(tài)) that biology is destiny. According to this ideology, basic biological and psychological differences exist between the sexes. These differences require each sex to play a separate role in social life. Women are the weaker sex both physically and emotionally. Thus, they are naturally suited, much more so than men, to the performance of domestic(家庭的) duties. A woman’s place, under normal circumstances, is within the protective environment of the home. Nature has determined that women play caretaker roles, such as wife and mother and homemaker. On the other hand, men are best suited to go out into the competitive world of work and politics, where serious responsibilities must be taken on. Men are to be the providers; women and children are “dependents”.
The ideology also holds that women who wish to work outside the household should naturally fill these jobs that are in line with the special capabilities of their sex. It is appropriate for women, not men, to be employed as nurses, social workers, elementary school teachers, house-hold helpers, clerks and secretaries. These positions are simply an extension of women’s domestic role. Informal distinctions between “women’s work” and “men’s work” in the labor force, according to the ideology, are simply a functional reflection of the basic differences between the sexes.
Finally, the ideology suggests that nature has worked her will in another significant way. For the human species to survive over time, its members must regularly reproduce. Thus, women must, whether at home or in the labor force, make the most of their physical appearances.
So goes the ideology. It is, of course, not true that basic biological and psychological differences between the sexes require each to play sex-defined roles in social life. There is enough evidence that sex roles vary from society to society, and those role differences that do exist are largely learned.
But to the degree people actually believe that biology is destiny and that nature intended for men and women to make different contributions to society, sex-defined roles will be seen as totally acceptable.
小題1:According to the biology-is-destiny ideology, women_______.

A．cannot compete with men in any field

B．a(chǎn)re suited more to domestic jobs than men

C．a(chǎn)re sensitive enough to be a good caretaker

D．a(chǎn)re too weak to do any agricultural work at all

小題2:Those who have prejudices against women think that_______.

A．women shouldn’t go out for work

B．women should earn money to add the family income

C．women going out for work should only do “women’s work”

D．women should take jobs to drill the special capabilities of the sex

小題3:The author thinks that the positions women hold outside_______.

A．a(chǎn)re determined by what they are better suited to

B．grow out of their household responsibilities

C．represent their breakthrough of sex discrimination

D．a(chǎn)re physically and emotionally suitable to them

小題4:What does the underlined sentence imply?

A．Sex roles are socially determined

B．Sex roles are emotionally and physically determined

C．Sex roles are biologically and psychologically determined

D．Sex roles are determined by education people take

Answer 1

小題1:B
小題2:C
小題3:B
小題4:A

試題分析：按照傳統(tǒng)的意識形態(tài)來講，性別歧視是相當嚴重的。男人們一般要在外邊工作，而婦女們就得是家庭主婦，操持家務(wù)。性別不同，就要扮演不同的社會角色，這就是意識形態(tài)的體現(xiàn)。
小題1:細節(jié)理解題。由“Thus, they are naturally suited, much more so than men, to the performance of domestic(家庭的) duties.”可知，按照傳統(tǒng)的觀點婦女還是要主管家務(wù)勞動。故選B。
小題2:細節(jié)理解題。由“These positions are simply an extension of women’s domestic role. Informal distinctions between “women’s work” and “men’s work” in the labor force, according to the ideology, are simply a functional reflection of the basic differences between the sexes.”可知傳統(tǒng)觀點認為女性應(yīng)該做適合女性的工作。故選C。
小題3:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，意識形態(tài)還持有這樣的觀點：那些希望在家庭以外工作的婦女應(yīng)自然地做符合女性自身特殊能力的工作，如護士、 社會工作者、 小學(xué)教師、 家政服務(wù)、 文員、 秘書。故選B。
小題4:句意猜測題。由上文可知，社會決定了性別角色在社會中的作用，因此后面說也決定了社會性別角色的不同。故選A。