Question

Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been made illegal. But one popular form continues to exist, that is alphabetism (字母排序法). This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames(姓氏)begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.
It has long been known that the cars of a taxi firm called AAAA have a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers look through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbot has in life over Zoe Zysman. English names are fairly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a quite large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.
Thus the American presidents and vice-presidents have surnames starting with B and  C separately and 26 of those before George Bush took office (including his father ) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chretien and Koizumi). The world's three top central bankers ( Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami)are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. The same case are the world's five richest men ( Gates, Buffet and so on) .
Can this merely happen by chance? At the start of the first year in primary school, teachers seat pupils, alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So shortsighted and small-sized Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is seldom asked the improving questions by those teachers. At that time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.
The unfairness continues. At university graduation parties, the ABCs proudly get their awards first. However, by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are a little tired. Lists of job interviews and conference speakers and attendees all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their readers lose interest as they plough through them.
小題1:What does the author intend to show with AAAA cars and Zodiac cars?

A．An example of competition of two kinds of cars.

B．Some advantages of AAAA cars in the taxi firm.

C．An example of unfairness caused by alphabetism.

D．Some disadvantages of Zodiac cars in the taxi firm.

小題2:What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?

A．The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoe Zysman.

B．In both East and West, names are important to success.

C．Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies' names.

D．The discrimination in alphabetism can be found in many areas.

小題3:The fourth paragraph suggests that         .

A．alphabetically disadvantaged often escape from class

B．teachers should pay equal attention to all their students

C．questions are often put to the more intelligent students

D．students should be seated according to their eyesight

小題4:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．VIPs in the western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.

B．People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often misunderstood.

C．Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional unfairness.

D．The movement to get rid of alphabetism still has a long way to go.

Answer 1

小題1:C
小題2:D
小題3:B
小題4:C

試題分析：本文作者介紹了按字母順序排列對姓氏首字母在字母表后半部分不利。作者列舉了許多例子來說明這種情況。
小題1:細節(jié)題：根據第二段第一句“It has long been known that the cars of a taxi firm called AAAA have a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers look through their phone directories. ”人們早就知曉一個叫4個A的汽車公司比一個叫Zodiac的汽車公司在做生意時享 有便利，因為顧客在翻看電話簿時，4個A汽車的名字排在前面，所以這是一種看似平等，實 際上并不平等的安排。故選C。
小題2:推理題：閱讀前三段內容可知第一段講按字母順序排列對姓氏首字母在字母表后半部分不利。第二段舉兩個例子， 一個是以A開頭的汽車公司，另一個是以A開頭的人名，都比以Z開頭的汽車公司和人名 享有更多的好處，并指出有許多杰出人士的姓氏首字母都在A到K之間。第三段講美國的總統、副總統、7個經濟強國的政府首腦、世界上3個頂尖的銀行家以及世界上最有錢的5個人的名字都在字母表的前一半。故選D。
小題3:推理題：閱讀第四段內容可知老師把學生按字母順序排座位，結果，名字在字母表后面的學生雖有近視也得坐在后面，這樣不利于學生的學習，也會影響他們以后在公眾場合講話的自信心。這反過來說明教師應當關心每個學生，故C項正確。故選B。
小題4:細節(jié)題：文章的前4段都講到了按字母排列而引起的對一些人的不公平，所以C對�！鞍醋� 母順序排列會導致非故意的不公正”。故選C。