Thirty-two people watched Kitty Genovese being killed right below their windows. She was their neighbor. Yet none of the 32 helped her. Not one even called the police. Was this in gunman cruelty? Was it lack of feeling about one’s fellowman?

“Not so, ” say scientists John Barley and Bib Fatane. These men went beyond the headlines to research into the reasons why people didn’t act. They found that a person has to go through two steps before he can help. First he has to notice that is an emergency（緊急情況）. Suppose you see a middle-aged man fall to the side-walk. Is he having a heart attack? Is he in a coma（昏迷） from a headache? Or is he about to sleep off a drunk? Is the smoke coming into the room from a leak（漏洞） in the air-conditioning? Is it “steam pipes”?Or is it really smoke from a fire? It’s not always easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency. Second, and more important, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally responsible（負(fù)責(zé)任的）. He must feel that he must help, or the person won’t get the help he needs.

The researchers found that a lot depends on how many people are around. They had college students in to be “tested”. Some came alone. Some came with one or two others. And some came in large groups. The researchers started them off on the “tests”. Then they went into the next room. A curtain divided the “testing room” and the room into which they went. Soon the students heard a scream, the noise of book shelves falling and a cry for help. All of this had been prerecorded on a tape recorder. Eight out of ten of the students taking the test alone acted to help. Of the students in pairs, only two out of ten helped. Of the students in groups, none helped. In other words, in a group, Americans often fail to act. They feel that others will act. They, themselves, needn’t. They do not feel any direct responsibility.

Are people bothered by situations where people are in trouble? Yes. Scientists found that the people were shocked, they sweated, and they had trembling hands. They felt the other person’s trouble. But they did not act. They were in a group. Their actions were shaped by the actions of those they were with.

1. The purpose of this passage is_______.

A. to explain why people fail to act in emergencies

B. to explain when people will act in emergencies

C. to explain what people will do in emergencies

D. to explain how people feel in emergencies

2. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. When a person tries to help others, he must be clear that there is a real emergency.

B. When a person tries to help others, he should know whether they are worth his help.

C. A person must take the full responsibility for the safety of those in emergencies if he wants to help.

D. A person with a heart attack needs the most.

3. The main reason why people fail to act when they stay together is that_______.

A. they are afraid of emergencies

B. they are not willing to get themselves involved

C. others will act if they themselves hesitate

D. they do not have any direct responsibility for those who need help

4. The author suggests that_______.

A. we shouldn’t blame a person if he fails to act in emergencies

B. a person must feel guilty if he fails to help

C. people should be responsible for themselves in emergencies

D. when you are in trouble, people will help you anyway

 

答案：1B2C3D4A
提示：

1. B  參見文章第2段。

2. C  注意本題選擇的是NOT true的選項(xiàng)。

3. D  人們不作為的主要原因是D.

4. A  參加文章最后一段。

 


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閱讀下面的短文，并根據(jù)短文后的要求答題(請注意問題后的詞數(shù)要求，并將答案寫在二卷答題紙上)。

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