14.How was it that Holly wood came to be the place everyone associates with the American film industry?
In 1887,Harvey Wilcox bought a house and all the(41)surrounding (surround) land on a hillside in southern California.His wife overheard a woman talk on a train about her summer house,(42)which she called"Hollywood".Mrs Wilcox liked the name so much that she decided  (43)to give(give) her new home the same name.Mr Wilcox then built other houses on his land and used the name for (44)thewhole community.
Between 1908and 1913something else (45)happened(happen).Many small independent film companies began moving to southern California for two main reasons.Firstly,they were having problems with the (46)larger(large),more powerful studios in New York.Secondly,they(47)were attracted(attract)by the sunny climate,which let them film throughout the year without the need for expensive lighting.
Only one studio (48)actually (actual) set up in Hollywood itself,because the local people took measures to prevent any more  (49)from arriving.The other studios that came to the area were all built outside Hollywood.In spite of that,by 1915"Hollywood"(50)had become(become) familiar as a term for the movie business as a whole.

分析 本文介紹了好萊塢形成的過程.1887年Harvey Wilcox 買下了加利福尼亞南部的一塊地方,他的妻子給它起名叫"好萊塢".在1908到 1913年間幾個小的電影公司搬到這里,因為這里的四季的陽光.實際上,只有一家是建造在好萊塢里面,這是為了阻止外來的公司,其他的公司都在好萊塢的外圍.

解答 41 surrounding.考查派生詞.修飾名詞land用形容詞surrounding表示"周圍的". 
42 which.考查定語從句的關(guān)系詞.代指先行詞her summer house,做非限制性定語從句she called"Hollywood的賓語用which.
43 to give.考查非謂語動詞.decide 的賓語用to do 表示"決定去做".
44 the.考查冠詞.特指他們建造的這個區(qū)域,用定冠詞the.
45 happened.考查謂語動詞.做主語 something else 的謂語動詞,根據(jù)上文可知用一般過去時態(tài),所以用happened.
46 larger.考查形容詞的比較級.和more powerful 并列用large的比較級larger,表示"更大更強的".
47  were attracted.考查謂語動詞的語態(tài).和主語they是被動關(guān)系,而且發(fā)生在過去,所以用一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)were attracted.
48 actually.考查副詞的用法.修飾動詞短語set up 用副詞 actually.
49 from.考查介詞.prevent…from…表示"組織某人做某事".
50 had become.考查謂語動詞的時態(tài).根據(jù)時間狀語by 1915表示"到1915年",所以謂語動詞用過去完成時態(tài)had become.

點評 考查語法填空.
過去完成時態(tài)的用法:
(1)表示在過去某一時刻或動作以前完成了的動作,可以用by,before等介詞短語或一個時間狀語從句(在復(fù)合句中,由時間連接詞引導(dǎo)的狀語從句叫做時間狀語從句)來表示,也可以用一個表示過去的動作來表示,還可能通過上下文來表示.
(2)表示由過去的某一時刻開始,一直延續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作或狀態(tài),常和for,since構(gòu)成的時間狀語連用.
(3)敘述過去發(fā)生的事情,在已敘述了過去發(fā)生的事情后,反過來追述或補充以前發(fā)生的動作時,常使用過去完成時.
(4)在含有定語從句的主從復(fù)合句中,如果敘述的是過去的事,先發(fā)生的動作常用過去完成時.

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