11．In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition．Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity．Others say that competition is bad； that it sets one person against another； that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people．
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills．For them，playing well and winning are often lifeanddeath affairs．In their singleminded pursuit of success，the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten．
However，whilesome seem to be lost in the desire to succeed，others take an opposite attitude．In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players，they strongly blame competition．Among the most opinions are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society．Teaching these young people，I often observe in them a desire to fail．They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success．By not trying，they always have an ecuse："I may have lost，but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try．"What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost，that would mean a lot．Such a loss would be a measure of their worth．Clearly，this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves．Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's selfrespect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others．Both are afraid of not being valued．Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to fade away can we discover a new meaning in competition．
28．What does this passage mainly talk about？A
A．Opinions about competition are different among people．
B．Failures are necessary experiences in competition．
C．Competition is harmful topersonal quality development．
D．Competition helps to set up self-respect．
29．Why do some people favor competition according to the passage？D
A．It builds up a sense of duty．
B．It encourages individual efforts．
C．It improves personal abilities．
D．It pushes society forward．
30．What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a"desire to fail"？B
A．One's success is based on how hard he has tried．
B．One's worth lies in his performance compared with others'．
C．One's achievement is determined by his particular skills．
D．One's success in competition needs great efforts．
31．Which point of view may the author agree to？B
A．Every effort should be paid back．
B．Fear of failure should be removed in competition．
C．Competition should be encouraged．
D．Winning should be a lifeanddeath matter．
分析 本文講述了不同的人對競爭的看法不同．有的人認為競爭是一種惡性循環(huán)，另一些人認為競爭可以推動雙方進步．不管是哪種觀點，我們都不能畏懼競爭，不能因為怕輸而放棄競爭．
解答 28-31．ADBB
28．A 考查文章主旨．根據(jù)"In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition"可知，不同的人對競爭的看法不同．故選A．
29．D 考查細節(jié)理解．根據(jù)"Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity"可知，一些人認為，競爭會推動社會前進．故選D．
30．B 考查推理判斷．根據(jù)"They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success"可知，"求敗心理"是指一些人尋求失敗而不是試圖獲得成功，因為他們認為一個人的能力是通過與他人比較中體現(xiàn)出來的．故選B．
31．B 考查推理判斷．根據(jù)"Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to fade away can we discover a new meaning in competition"可知，作者認為在競爭中應(yīng)該消除對失敗的恐懼．故選B．
點評 閱讀理解考察學(xué)生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．
