Question

Batteries can power anything from small sensors to large systems．While scientists are finding ways to make them smaller but even more powerful, problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves．University of Missouri（MU） researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller, lighter and more efficient．
“To provide enough power, we need certain methods with high energy density（密度）”，said Jae Kwon, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at MU．“The radioisotope（放射性同位素） battery can provide power density that is much higher than chemical batteries．”
Kwon and his research team have been working on building a small nuclear battery, presently the size and thickness of a penny, intended to power various micro / nanoelectromechanical systems （M/NEMS）．Although nuclear batteries can cause concerns, Kwon said they are safe．
“People hear the word ‘nuclear’ and think of something very dangerous,” he said, “However, nuclear power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices, such as pace-makers, space satellites and underwater systems．”
His new idea is not only in the battery’s size, but also in its semiconductor（半導體）．Kwon’s battery uses a liquid semiconductor rather than a solid semiconductor．
“The key part of using a radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy, part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure（晶體結(jié)構(gòu)） of the solid semiconductor,” Kwon said, “By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem．”
Together with J．David Robertson, chemistry professor and associate director of the MU Research Reactor, Kwon is working to build and test the battery．In the future, they hope to increase the battery’s power, shrink its size and try with various other materials．Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair

1. 1.
   The text is most probably a ______.
   1. A.
      science news report
   2. B.
      book review
   3. C.
      newspaper ad
   4. D.
      science fiction
2. 2.
   Liquid semiconductor is used to ______.
   1. A.
      get rid of the radioactive waste
   2. B.
      test the power of nuclear batteries
   3. C.
      decrease the size of nuclear batteries
   4. D.
      reduce the damage to lattice structure
3. 3.
   According to Jae Kwon, his nuclear battery ______.
   1. A.
      uses a solid semiconductor
   2. B.
      will soon replace the present ones
   3. C.
      could be extremely thin
   4. D.
      has passed the final test
4. 4.
   Jae Kwon gave examples in Paragraph 4______.
   1. A.
      to show chemical batteries are widely applied
   2. B.
      to introduce nuclear batteries can be safely used
   3. C.
      to describe a nuclear-powered system
   4. D.
      to introduce various energy sources

Answer 1

ADCB
試題分析：本篇為科普短文，介紹由美國密蘇里大學研究者所開發(fā)的核能電池的情況。這些科學家研發(fā)出高性能核電池只略大于1美分硬幣。
1.推理判斷題。本文講述了 Kwon 的原子能電池的有關(guān)情況，文章體裁應(yīng)屬于科普文章，所以 A 項正確。
2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段的句子：part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure(晶體結(jié)構(gòu)) of the solid semiconductor,”及“By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”可知，通過使用液態(tài)半導體材料，可減少對晶體結(jié)構(gòu)的破壞。選D
3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair 可知這種原子能電池可以做的很薄，C 項正確。
4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段的句子：“However, nuclear power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices, such as pace-makers, space satellites and underwater systems．”可知 Kwon 舉例的目的是為了說明核能電池是安全性，選B
考點：考查科普類短文