When you practice reading with passages shorter than book length, do not try to take in each word separately, one after the other. It is much more difficult to grasp the broad theme of the passage this way, and you will also get the stuck on individual words which may not be absolutely essential to a general understanding of the passage. It is a good idea to skim through the passage very quickly first to get the general idea of each paragraph. Titles, paragraph headings and emphasized word can be a great help in getting this skeleton outline of the passage. It is surprising how many people do not read titles, introductions or paragraph headings. Can you, without looking back, remember the title of this passage and the heading of this paragraph?
Most paragraphs of a passage or chapter have a 'topic sentence' which expresses the central idea. The remaining sentence expand or support that idea. It has been estimated that between 60% and 90% of all expositive（說明的）paragraphs in English have the topic sentence first. Always pay special attention to the first sentence of a paragraph; it is most likely to give you the main idea.
Sometimes , though , the first sentence in the paragraph does not have the feel of 'main idea' sentence. It does not seem to give us enough new information to justify a paragraph. The next most likely place to look for the topic sentence is the last sentence of the paragraph.
Remember that the opening and closing paragraphs of a passage or chapter are particularly important . The opening paragraph suggests the general direction and content of the piece, while the closing paragraph often summarizes the very essence （精髓）.
小題1:It is a good idea to skim through a passage quickly first ________.
A．a(chǎn)t about 350 w. P.m.(words per minute)
B．to get the general idea of each paragraph
C．so that you can take in each word separately
D．to make sure you get to the end at least once
小題2:The topic sentence of an expository paragraph in English_______.
A．usually comes in the middle
B．is most likely to be found at the end
C．is most often at the beginning
D．is usually left out in expository writing
小題3:Most expository paragraphs in English have a clearly defined topic sentence. In such paragraphs the topic sentence comes first ________.
A．in about 40% of casesB．in about 80% of cases
C．in about 20% casesD．very rarely
小題4:Some times we know the first sentence is not the topic sentence because ________.
A．it does not seem to give us enough new information
B．it is not long enough
C．it does not come at the beginning
D．it does not make complete sentence

小題1:B
小題2:C
小題3:B
小題4:A 

試題分析：本文介紹了一些閱讀方法，特別是如何抓住文章的主題。
小題1:細節(jié)題：從第一段的句子：It is a good idea to skim through the passage very quickly first to get the general idea of each paragraph.可知我們可以快速瀏覽文章得到文章的大意，選B
小題2:細節(jié)題：從第二段的句子：It has been estimated that between 60% and 90% of all expositive（說明的）paragraphs in English have the topic sentence first. Always pay special attention to the first sentence of a paragraph; it is most likely to give you the main idea.可知說明文的主題句一般是在文章的開頭。選 C
小題3:細節(jié)題：從第二段的句子：It has been estimated that between 60% and 90% of all expositive（說明的）paragraphs in English have the topic sentence first.可知80%是在這個范圍，，選B
小題4:細節(jié)題：從第三段的句子：Sometimes , though , the first sentence in the paragraph does not have the feel of 'main idea' sentence. It does not seem to give us enough new information to justify a paragraph. 可知第一句話沒有給我們新的信息，不是主題句。選A 
點評：本文介紹了一些閱讀方法，特別是如何抓住文章的主題。細節(jié)題居多，答題時在文章找到對應(yīng)的地方，用筆進行標記，這有利于后期有時間檢查時可以立刻找到答案的位置。仔細理解作者所講的意思，再結(jié)合選項，通過排除法和自己對全文的把握，選出正確答案。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Imagine a mass of floating waste is two times the size of the state of Texas. Texas has a land area of more than 678 000 square kilometers. So it might be difficult to imagine anything twice as big.
All together, this mass of waste flowing in the North Pacific Ocean is known as the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch. It weighs about 3 500 000 tons. The waste includes bags，bottles and containers—plastic products of all kinds.
The eastern part of the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch is about l 600 kilometers west of California. The western part is west of the Hawaiian Islands and east of Japan. The area has been described as a kind of oceanic desert，with light winds and slow moving water currents. The water moves so slow that garbage from all over the world collects there.
In recent years，there have been growing concerns about the floating garbage and its effect on sea creatures and human health. Scientists say thousands of animals get trapped in the floating waste，resulting in death or injury. Even more die from a lack of food or water after swallowing pieces of plastic. The trash can also make animals feel full，lessening their desire to eat or drink.
The floating garbage also can have harmful effects on people. There is an increased threat of infection of disease from polluted waste，and from eating fish that swallowed waste. Divers can also get trapped in the plastic.
Its existence first gained public attention in l997. That was when racing boat captain and oceanographer Charles Moore and his crew sailed into the garbage while returning from a racing event. Five years earlier，another oceanographer learned of the trash after a shipment of rubber duckies got lost at sea. Many of those toys are now part of the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch.
In August，2009，a team from the University of California，San Diego became the latest group to travel to it. They were shocked by the amount of waste they saw. They gathered hundreds of sea creatures and water samples to measure the garbage patch’s effect on ocean environment.
小題1: How did the writer introduce the topic of the passage?
A．By giving an example.
B．By listing the facts.
C．By telling a story.
D．By giving a comparison.
小題2:What do we know about the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch?
A．It is made up of various kinds of plastic products.
B．It is a solid mass of floating waste materials.
C．It lies l60 000 kilometers east of California.
D．It is described as a kind of oceanic desert.
小題3:Why do people pay attention to the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch?
A．Because it may prevent the flow of ocean water.
B．Because the polluted plastic articles will move up the food chain.
C．Because it may be from an island in the pacific.
D．Because ships may be trapped in the floating waste.
小題4: The purpose of writing this passage is to____________.
A．warn people of the danger to travel in the pacific
B．a(chǎn)nalyze what caused the waste patch in the pacific
C．give advice on how to recycle waste in the ocean
D．introduce the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Where on Earth are you? Navigators (導(dǎo)航員) use lines of latitude and lines of longitude to locate places. Lines of latitude run east and west around Earth. On a map or globe, these lines appear as running sideways or horizontally. Lines of longitude run north and south around Earth. These lines go up and down or vertically on a map or globe. These lines create an imaginary graph paper on the Earth. They make it possible to find an absolute, or exact, location on Earth. They even allow us to give an absolute location to a place out in the middle of the ocean.
Lines of latitude tell us how far north or south of the Equator we are. Sailors have used primitive navigation tools, like astrolabes, since ancient times. The astrolabe uses the sun and stars to find an approximate location. Using such tools, they have been able to approximate their distance from the equator. Although their instruments may not have been the high quality we have now, they were incredibly accurate (精確) for their time.
Lines of longitude tell us how far east or west of the prime meridian (本初子午線) we are. Sailors constantly looked for new ways to increase their navigation skills. Still, it wasn’t until the 18th century that they were able to measure degrees of longitude. They would have been very envious of the technology available to us today.
When we use lines of latitude and longitude together, we can get a very precise location. If we want to identify the absolute location of a point, we look where the latitude and longitude lines cross nearest to that point. We use the coordinates (坐標) for that point as its address. Many maps today include degrees of latitude and longitude.
小題1:______ make it possible for people to find an exact place on Earth.
A．LatitudesB．LongitudesC．NavigatorsD．Sailors
小題2:The second paragraph mainly talks about _______.
A．the function of latitudeB．the use of the equator
C．the invention of astrolabeD．the high quality instruments
小題3: Why do maps include degrees of latitude and longitude?
A．To help trade expeditions.B．To locate a precise place.
C．To cross the lines of the nearest point.D．To identify how far a place is.
小題4:The best title for this passage is ____________.
A．The map and the globeB．Latitude and longitude
C．The equator and the prime meridianD．Absolute coordinates

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It’s a common belief that over time, pet owners start to look like their animals, and vice versa. Now conies the terrifying news that cats look up to their owners as role models and copy their behavior.
Next time you reach for your fridge, think twice. If Kitty is watching, she is likely to overeat as well.
What is your cat’s IQ?
In a new study from the University of Messina, it turns out that indoor cats who live closely to their owners “mirror” the lives of their caregivers. They sleep at the same time, eat at the same time,  and can even become more or less social depending on the behavior of their owners.
“Cats are intelligent animals with a long memory, ”Jane Brunt, the executive director of the CATalyst Council, told Discovery News. “They watch and learn from us, noting the patterns of our actions. as evidenced by knowing where their food is kept and what time to expect to be fed, how to open the cupboard door that’s been improperly closed, and where their feeding and toileting areas fife. ”Because cats copy our habits, if you spend a lot of time raiding(搜刮)the fridge, your cat will return to its food bowl for that midnight snack, too. According to the study, this explains why “human and cat overweight rates often seem to match. ”So. if you felt guilty about leaving your precious kitty at home while you go to work, now you call feel even worse：You fife making your cat fat!
There’s no word if drinking green tea and making sure you go to Yoga will benefit your cat, but based on the study. it sounds like sticking to a healthy eating and sleeping schedule is best for both of you.
There’s a lot we can learn from our cats in return. “When they sit on our laps softly purring with rhythmic breathing and half-closed eyes. the sense of peace and calm that comes over us is like a private 1esson in inner meditation. ”Brant said. Sure. But cats don’t have to sit in rush hour traffic for an hour a day or worry about their in-laws. They’re probably pretty good at remaining calm.
So, according to science。even though we assumed that cats were not close to us all these years, it turns out they fife in fact learning from us and looking up to us. Scary, huh?
小題1:According to the passage. which of the following is NOT true?
A．Cats can copy humans’ schedule.B．Humans can learn from cats in some way.
C．Cats are smart and have fl long memory D．Green tea and Yoga can benefit cats.
小題2:What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A．Humans’ keeping searching the fridge.
B．Cats’ going to their owners for food.
C．Cats’ copying humans’ habit of looking for food.
D．Humans’ leaving cats home while working.
小題3:What can we learn from our cats?
A．To remain calm.B．To be able to copy. C．To stay proud.D．To look up to friends.
小題4:The best title for the passage could be ________.
A．Your Cat Can Bring You PleasureB．You Are Copying Your Cat
C．You Can Make Your Cat SocialD．Your Cat Is Copying Your Habit

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

We human beings haven’t been good friends to animals. For thousands of years, we have been polluting the environment, making it hard for animals to live on the planet. We have been killing animals for their fur, feathers or meat, or simply because they are dangerous. As a result, many kinds of animals have disappeared forever. Hundreds more are on the endangered list today.
Should we care about animals? Of course we should. If animals of a certain kind all disappear, they will never come back again. Animals are more than just resources of things we need. Every kind of animal has its place in the balance of nature. Destroying any kind of animal can lead to many problems. For example, when farmers killed large numbers of hawks, the corn and grain that the farmers stored were destroyed by rats and mice. Why?  Because hawks eat rats and mice. With less and less hawks to keep down their numbers, rats and mice multiplied quickly. And if people kill too many birds, more and more insects will eat the crops.
Luckily, we’ve realized that we shouldn’t kill animals any more. And people are working hard to save those animals that would disappear soon. The government also passed laws to protect the endangered animals. In fact, quite a few countries have passed such laws. These laws forbid the killing of any kind of animal on the endangered list. We should try our best to protect and save the endangered animals.
小題1:The text calls on us to__________.
A．keep animals at homeB．protect the environment
C．protect the endangered animalsD．know more about the balance of nature.
小題2:Why do people kill animals?
A．Animals cause many serious problems.
B．They kill animals for something they need.
C．Animals destroy their natural resources.
D．They kill animals to protect the environment
小題3:The example that farmers killed hawks shows that__________.
A．there were too many rats and mice
B．hawks are the most important in the nature
C．a(chǎn)nimals are good food resources
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It is easy for us to tell our friends from our enemies. But can other animals do the same? Elephants can! They can use their sense of vision and smell to tell the difference between people who pose a threat and those who do not.
In Kenya, researchers found that elephants react differently to clothing worn by men of the Maasai and Kamba ethnic groups. Young Maasai men spear animals and thus pose a threat to elephants; Kamba men are mainly farmers and are not a danger to elephants.
In an experiment conducted by animal scientists, elephants were first presented with clean clothing or clothing that had been worn for five days by either a Maasai or a Kamba man. When the elephants detected(察覺)the smell of clothing worn by a Maasai man, they moved away from the smell faster and took longer to relax than when they detected the smells of either clothing worn by Kamba men or clothing that had not been worn at all.
Clothing color also plays a role, though in a different way. In the same study, when the elephants saw red clothing not worn before, they reacted angrily, as red is typically worn by Maasai men. Rather than running away as they did with the smell, the elephants acted aggressively toward the red clothing.
The researchers believe that the elephants’ emotional reactions are due to their different interpretations of the smells and the sights. Smelling a potential danger means that a threat is nearby and the best thing to do is run away and hide. Seeing a potential threat without its smell means that risk is low. Therefore, instead of showing fear and running away, the elephants express their anger and become aggressive.
小題1:According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE about Kamba and Maasai people?
A．Maasai people are a threat to elephants.
B．Kamba people raise elephants for farming.
C．Both Kamba and Maasai people are elephant hunters.
D．Both Kamba and Maasai people traditionally wear red clothing.
小題2: How did the elephants react to smell in the study?
A．They attacked a man with the smell of new clothing.
B．They needed time to relax when smelling something unfamiliar.
C．They became anxious when they smelled Kamba-scented(有…氣味的) clothing.
D．They were frightened and ran away when they smelled their enemies.
小題3: What is the main idea of this passage?
A．Elephants use sight and smell to detect danger.
B．Elephants attack people who wear red clothing.
C．Scientists are now able to control elephants’ emotions.
D．Some Kenyan tribes understand elephants’ emotions very well.
小題4:What can be inferred about the elephants’ behavior from this passage?
A．Elephants learn from their experience.
B．Elephants have sharper sense of smell than sight.
C．Elephants are more intelligent than other animals.
D．Elephants tend to attack rather than escape when in danger.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Looking for a new weight loss plan? Try living on top of a mountain. Mountain air contains less oxygen than air at lower altitudes, so breathing it causes the heart to beat faster and the body to burn more energy. A handful of studies have found that athletes training at high altitudes tend to lose weight. Doctor Florian Lippl of the University Hospital Of Ludwig-Maximilians-university Munich wondered how the mountain air would affect overweight individuals if they weren’t doing any more physical activity than usual.
Lippl and his colleagues invited 20 overweight men to an environmental research station about 300 meters below the summit of Zugspitze, a mountain around 2,970 meters near the Austrian border. They were allowed to eat as much as they liked. The men also gave blood so that researchers could test for hormones linked to appetite and fatness. At the end of the week, the men, whose mean weight starting out was 105kg, had lost on average about l.5kg. The men’s blood pressure also dropped, which the researchers believed was due to weight lost.
Exactly what caused the weight loss is uncertain. Loss of appetite is common at higher altitudes, and indeed the men ate significantly less than usual—about 700 calories fewer per day. Lippl also notes that because their consumption was being recorded, they may have been more self-conscious about what they ate. Regardless, eating less accounts for just l kg of the l.5 kg lost, says Lippl. He thinks the increased metabolic (新陳代謝的) rate, which was measured, also contributed to weight loss but cannot separate the different effects with the given data.
Appetite loss at high altitudes could certainly be key, notes Damian Bailey, a physiologist at the University of Glamorgan, UK, who recently lost 11 kg during a 3-month expedition to the Andes in Chile.   
Unfortunately, for the average person there is no treatment that can resemble living at high altitude, says Lippl. The only alternative is hypobaric chamber, which exposes subjects to low oxygen and isn’t practical as a treatment. He says, half- jokingly, “If fat people plan their holidays, they might not go to the sea, but maybe to the mountain.”
小題1:What contributes the most to one’s heart rates according to the first paragraph?
A．our bodyweightB．the consumption of energy
C．the rates of our breathingD．the amount of oxygen provided
小題2:Hormones are tested in the research because they can affect ______.
A．one’s bodyweightB．one’s blood pressure
C．one’s way of livingD．one’s metabolic rate
小題3:What was found about the 20 overweight men in the process of the research?
A．They controlled what to eat self-consciously.
B．They took in much fewer calories than usual.
C．They lost appetite because of lack of physical activity.
D．They were provided with a healthier diet than before.
小題4:Why does Damian Bailey agree with the idea of appetite loss at high altitudes?
A．He experimented with the new weight loss plan in the Andes.
B．He found no other reasons for his loss of weight in the Andes.
C．He researched the related subject in the Andes.
D．He lost much weight in the high altitude Andes.
小題5:In what manner does Lippl talk about the way of losing weight by spending holidays on mountains?
A．casualB．inaccurateC．uncertainD．confident

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

We can express our feelings and needs by using body language. Cats can do that too. The ways that cats use their tails to show their feelings and needs are interesting.
Unlike dogs, which generally wave their tails to express good feelings, cats use their tails to send a lot of signals. When a cat waves its tail strongly from side to side, it may be a sign for us to leave it alone, or we may get scrathed (抓傷). Throwing a little toy for the cat to play with can get it relaxed. When a cat holds its tail upwards with a slight move, it means the animal is very happy to see its owner.
We all like to cuddle (依偎) inside our bed, and cats do that thing, too. Much as little children like to wrap (用……纏繞) their arms around their Teddy Bears, cats like to wrap their own tails around their bodies to get a sense of safety while asleep. If we notice a cat sleeping in such a position, we should not break its peace.
Usually the tip of the cat’s tail doesn’t draw our attention. But its particular position may also show the cat’s feelings. For example, a cat holding the tip of its tail pointed downwards may try to say that it is not feeling comfortable. So at this point, the cat not only feels angry, but also unsafe. This may again be a sign for us not to upset the cat in any way.
In conclusion, cats use their tails in many different, sometimes funny ways to send us messages, and we can learn to know more.
小題1:According to the text, in which way are cats different from dogs?
A．Cats draw more attention from humans than dogs.
B．Cats are friendlier to humans than dogs.
C．Cats have more feelings than dogs.
D．Cats show more feelings with tails than dogs.
小題2:When a cat waves its tail strongly from side to side, it probably feels    .
A．safeB．sleepyC．a(chǎn)nxiousD．hungry
小題3:A cat wraps its tail around its body when sleeping to      .
A．get its tail well relaxedB．get a sense of safety
C．show friendship to its ownerD．warn strangers to keep off
小題4:What does the fourth paragraph mainly tell us?
A．A cat can use its tail tip to show its feelings.
B．We should pay attention to the tip of a cat’s tail.
C．Why a cat holds the tip of its tail pointed downwards
D．A cat has many ways to express its feelings

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