9.Working with a group of baboons (狒狒) in the Namibian desert,Dr.Alecia Carter of the Department of Zoology,Cambridge University set baboons learning tasks involving a novel food and a familiar food hidden in a box.Some baboons were given the chance to watch another baboon who already knew how to solve the task,while others had to learn for themselves.To work out how brave or anxious the baboons were,Dr.Carter presented them either with a novel food or a threat in the form of a model of a poisonous snake.
She found that personality had a major impact on learning.The braver baboons learnt,but the shy ones did not learn the task although they watched the baboon perform the task of finding the novel food just as long as the brave ones did.In effect,despite being made aware of what to do,they were still too shy to do what the experienced baboon did.
The same held true for anxious baboons compared with calm ones.The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not,even though they spent more time watching.
This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality plays a key role in social learning in animals,something that has previously been ignored in studies on how animals learn to do things.The findings are significant because they suggest that animals may perform poorly in cognitive (認(rèn)知的) tasks not because they aren't clever enough to solve them,but because they are too shy or nervous to use the social information.
The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning.If some individuals are unable to get information from others because they don't associate with the knowledgeable individuals,or they are too shy to use the information once they have it,information may not travel between all group members,preventing the formation of a culture based on social learning.

59.What is the first paragraph mainly about?A
A.The design of Dr.Carter's research.
B.The results of Dr.Carter's research.
C.The purpose of Dr.Carter's research.
D.The significance of Dr.Carter's research.
60.According to the research,which baboons are more likely to complete a new learning task?D
A.Those that have more experience.
B.Those that can avoid potential risks.
C.Those that like to work independently.
D.Those that feel anxious about learning.
61.Which best illustrates the"mismatch"mentioned in Paragraph 4?C
A.Some baboons are intelligent but slow in learning.
B.Some baboons are shy but active in social activities.
C.Some baboons observe others but don't follow them.
D.Some baboons perform new tasks but don't concentrate.
62.Dr.Carter's findings indicate that our culture might be formed throughB.
A.storing information
B.learning from each other
C.understanding different people
D.travelling between social groups.

分析 這是一篇夾敘夾議的議論文.文章通過闡述研究狒狒如何獲得食物的信息來講述社會生活中的文化是通過相互的學(xué)習(xí)來獲取的.

解答 59.A     段落大意題.根據(jù)第一段中的"Dr Alecia Carter of the Department of Zoology,Cambridge University set baboons learning tasks involving a novel food and afamiliar food hidden in a box.Some baboons were given the chance to watchanother baboon who already knew how to solve the task,while others had tolearn for themselves."可知本段主要描述他進行的這項研究的設(shè)計方案,也就是他在這項研究里是如何做的.故A正確.
60.D     細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第三段第二句"The anxious individuals learnt the task byobserving others while those who were relaxed did not,even though they spentmore time watching."可知那些很焦慮的、急切想學(xué)習(xí)的狒狒學(xué)得更快、更好.故D正確.
61.C     推理判斷題.根據(jù)第二、三段可知一些狒狒雖然觀察了很長時間,但是并沒有采取行動.這種搭配不當(dāng)說明性格在動物的社會行為中起著很重要的作用.第四段里的mismatch就是指第三段最后一句"while those who were relaxed did not,even thoughthey spent more time watching."的內(nèi)容.故C正確.
62.B     推理判斷題.根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句"The findings may impact how we understand theformation of culture in societies through social learning."可知人們是通過社會學(xué)習(xí)來理解我們的文化的組成的,也就是說人們需要相互交換信息、相互學(xué)習(xí).故B正確.

點評 解答細(xì)節(jié)理解題時,一個常用的方法就是運用定位法,即根據(jù)題干和選項中的關(guān)鍵詞從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子,與選項進行比較從而確定答案;推理判斷題既要求學(xué)生透過文章表面文字信息推測文章隱含意思,又要求學(xué)生對作者的態(tài)度、意圖及文章細(xì)節(jié)的發(fā)展作正確的推理判斷,力求從作者的角度去考慮,不要固守自己的看法或觀點.

練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:完形填空

9.Lightning flashed through the darkness over Sibson's bedroom skylight(天窗).Sibson was shaken by a clap of thunder (21)beforehe knew what was happening.The storm had moved directly(22)overhis two-story wooden house.Then he heard the smoke alarm beeping.
Sibson rushed down the stairs barefoot to(23)check;his two-story wooden house.Then he heard the smoke alarm beeping.Sibson rushed down the stairs barefoot to(24)explodedout.Sibson ran back upstairs to call 911 from his bedroom."I felt(25)safebecause the room had a separate outdoor stairway,"he explains.
But the phone didn't work,and when he tried to go down the outdoor stairway,he was(26)stoppedby a wall of flames.Sibson realized he was trapped(困。
 Sibson's house was three kilometers(27)off Sibson's house was three kilometers(28)fruitless.
Up a hill nearby lived Sibson's neighbor,Huggons.He was lying in bed when something like a smoke alarm(29)struckUp a hill nearby lived Sibson's neighbor,Huggons.He was lying in bed when something like a smoke alarm(30)phoneand flashlight,and headed down the hillside toward the (31)noise.Huggons dialed 911,and the operator warned him not to(32)enterBut Huggons said,"There is no way I am going to listen to Sibson(33)screamand die in that fire."
"Anyone there?"Huggons called out.Then he heard"Help!I'm trapped!"coming from the second floor balcony(陽臺).He entered the house,but soon had to run back to catch his(34)breath.
After one more(35)attemptinside the house,Huggons gave up and(36)around back.
The wind parted the smoke just (37)enoughfor him to catch sight of Sibson.But there was no way to get to him.He(38)shonethe flashlight into the woods and noticed a ladder.He took it over to the balcony and(39)pulledSibson down just as the second floor of the house fell off.
Sibson is still(40)thankfulwhen he tells the story."I was alone that night,"he says."Then I heard the most beautiful sound in my life.It was Huggons."

21.A.beforeB.whileC.sinceD.until
22.A.onB.inC.throughD.over
23.A.hideB.waitC.checkD.escape
24.A.movedB.gaveC.wentD.exploded
25.A.safeB.worriedC.gladD.tired
26.A.burnedB.stoppedC.shockedD.covered
27.A.besideB.offC.a(chǎn)crossD.a(chǎn)long
28.A.limitedB.falseC.fruitlessD.regretful
29.A.struckB.missedC.touchedD.passed
30.A.coatB.keyC.basinD.phone
31.A.noiseB.roadC.smokeD.danger
32.A.searchB.enterC.leaveD.damage
33.A.callB.rollC.screamD.sigh
34.A.breathB.a(chǎn)ttentionC.ladderD.flashlight
35.A.stayB.chanceC.thoughtD.a(chǎn)ttempt
36.A.climbedB.circledC.lookedD.jumped
37.A.clearB.openC.enoughD.fit
38.A.ledB.putC.droveD.shone
39.A.persuadedB.kickedC.pulledD.forced
40.A.nervousB.surprisedC.proudD.thankful

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:選擇題

9.Male nurses are difficult to hire as many men reject this______ out of the long-existing discrimination.( 。
A.conceptB.responsibilityC.identityD.personality

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:選擇題

9.At minus 130℃,a living cell can be ________ for one thousand years.( 。
A.preservedB.protectedC.spreadD.developed

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解

4.Head of Research
Salary:£55.27
We are looking for a Head of Research to manage the CWU research Department and information Centre.You would be required to exercise control of all researchers work of the department and manage a team of three researchers and support staff.
The person appointed would be expected to carry out research work of a strategic nature across the range of businesses in which the CWU has or seeks membership and to contribute to the strategic thinking and direction of the union as a whole.
You will need:proven line management skills,especially in managing and motivating a team; good research skills,holding a good degree in a related subject or other similar experience; a high level of mathematical and calculating skills; the ability to produce high quality work under pressure; a commitment to and knowledge of the trade union movement and social democratic  politics; and knowledge and/or experience of the postal and/or telecommunications industry.
To apply,please request an application pack by emailing hr@cwu.org or by telephoning HR (Human Resources) on 020 8970 7482.When applying please stay your source.
Closing Date for Applications:4th August 2010
Anticipated interview date:17th August 2010
No agencies please

60.In which column of a newspaper could we find this advertisement?C
A.Arts.B.Sales.C.Jobs.D.News.
61.One of the duties of the person to be appointed isA.
A.taking charge of research.
B.seeking membership for the trade union.
C.managing a team of three or four members.
D.running a telecommunications company.
62.If you apply for this position,you can do all EXCEPTA.
A.a(chǎn)sk an agency for an application form.
B.dial 020 8971 7482for more information.
C.email hr@cwu.org for an application pack.
D.send in your application before 4th August 2010.
63.Which of the following applicants is most likely to be employed?C
A.A school teacher with a master's degree.
B.A university graduate majoring in computer science.
C.A director from a research with a master's degree.
D.A clerk from a telecommunications company.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解

14.Shakespeare's Birthplace and Exhibition of Shakespeare's World
  Welcome to the world-famous house where William Shakespeare was born in l564and where he grew up.The property(房產(chǎn))remained in the ownership of Shakespeare's family until 1806.The House has welcomed visitors traveling from all over the world,for over 250years.
◆Enter through the Visitors'Centre and see the highly-praised exhibition Shakespeare's World,a lively and full introduction to the life and work of Shakespeare.
◆Stand in the rooms where Shakespeare grew up.
◆Discover examples of furniture and needlework from
Shakespeare's period.
◆Enjoy the traditional(傳統(tǒng)的)English garden,planted with trees and flower mentioned in the poet's works.

  The Birthplace is within easy walking distance of all the car parks shown on the map; nearest is Windsor Street(3minutes'Walk).
㊣The House may present difficulties but the Visitors'Centre,its exhibition,and the garden are accessible (可進入的)to wheelchair users.
⊙The Shakespeare Coffee House(opposite the Birthplace).


56.How much is the admission for a family of two grown-ups and two children?B
A.£9.80.
B.£12.00.
C.£14.20.
D.£16.40.
57.Where is the nearest parking place to Shakespeare's Birthplace?C
A.Behind the exhibition hall.
B.Opposite the Visitors'Centre.
C.At Windsor Street.
D.Near the Coffee House.
58.A wheelchair user may need help to enterA.
A.the House       
B.the garden     
C.the Visitors'Centre      
D.the exhibition hall.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:選擇題

1.Of the two coats,I'd choose the _____one to spare some money for a book.( 。
A.cheapestB.most expensiveC.cheaperD.more expensive

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:選擇題

18.-         an iPhone 5for me,Mum?You promised.
-Oh,dear!I forgot.(  )
A.Will you buyB.Did you buyC.Have you boughtD.Would you buy?

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:填空題

3.很感激自愿者在上海博物館為我們做精彩的解說.(grateful)Weareverygratefultothevolunteer/volunteersforthewonderfulexplanationsintheShanghaiMuseum..

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案