Question

【題目】Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

The impact of smoke screen on adolescents

The study began by recruiting over 2,600 US school children aged 10 to 14 who had never smoked. Each child was then asked if they had watched any of 50 movies randomly 【1】(select) from 601 box office hits. The number of occurrences of smoking in each film was recorded.

When followed up one to two years later, 10 percent of the children had tried 【2】(smoke). The children in the top quarter of exposure to movie smoking were 2.7 times more likely to have tried a cigarette than 【3】 in the lowest quarter of exposure. This effect was independent of other factors that might influence the child’s smoking behavior, such as friends or family smoking.

“If provides more evidence 【4】 movies have a strong impact on adolescents,” says Dalton, an expert in cancer risk behavior in children. “Previous studies suggested that smoking in movies 【5】(influence) adolescent smoking behavior, but this is the first study to show that viewing smoking in movies predicts 【6】will start smoking in the future.”

Dalton says a previous study by the team showed that children were more likely to smoke 【7】 their favorite actor smoked. “We know from past studies it’s very rare for smoking to be portrayed in a negative light. Smokers in movies tend to be tough guys or sexy, rebellious women, which appeals to adolescents,” she told New Scientist.

Movies which depict smoking 【8】 be given an adult rating or “R rating” in the US, suggests Glantz, which would mean that children under 17 could not see the film 【9】 a parent. An R rating for smoking in movies would prevent about 330 adolescents in the US from starting to smoke and ultimately 【10】(extend) 170 lives every day,” he writes.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】selected

【2】smoking

【3】those

【4】that

【5】influenced

【6】who

【7】if

【8】should

【9】without

【10】extend

【解析】

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了屏幕里的吸煙鏡頭對(duì)青少年的影響。

【1】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，句意：然后，研究人員詢(xún)問(wèn)每個(gè)孩子是否看過(guò)從601部票房大片中隨機(jī)挑選的50部電影。movies 與select之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，表示被動(dòng)，用過(guò)去分詞做后置定語(yǔ)，故填selected。

【2】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：實(shí)驗(yàn)追蹤這些青少年，1-2年之后發(fā)現(xiàn)，十分之一都曾試過(guò)抽煙，try doing sth.表示“嘗試做”，故填smoking。

【3】考查代詞。句意：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，接觸電影中吸煙鏡頭最多的四分之一的兒童嘗試吸煙的可能性是接觸電影中吸煙鏡頭最少的四分之一的兒童的2.7倍。所在句子中主語(yǔ)是the children, 此處為比較狀語(yǔ)從句，than后面應(yīng)該是跟主語(yǔ)相同的詞，因此填指示代詞，指代those children，故填those。

【4】考查同位語(yǔ)從句。句意：如果能提供更多的證據(jù)證明電影對(duì)青少年有很大的影響。此處為同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋說(shuō)明evidence的內(nèi)容，空格后面的句子成分完整，因此用that僅起連接作用，無(wú)實(shí)義，故填that。

【5】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：先前的研究表明，電影中的吸煙鏡頭會(huì)影響青少年的吸煙行為，但這是第一項(xiàng)研究表明看到電影中的吸煙鏡頭可以預(yù)測(cè)未來(lái)誰(shuí)會(huì)開(kāi)始吸煙。句子中的主語(yǔ)previous studies可以看出謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，故填influenced。

【6】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意同上，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為賓語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，從句中的start smoking表明從句的主語(yǔ)是人，故填who。

【7】考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：道爾頓說(shuō)，該研究小組先前的一項(xiàng)研究表明，如果孩子們最喜歡的演員吸煙，他們更容易吸煙。通過(guò)從句中的時(shí)態(tài)以及likely可以看出是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“如果”，故填if。

【8】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：格蘭茨建議，在美國(guó)，含有吸煙鏡頭的電影應(yīng)該被評(píng)為成人級(jí)或“R級(jí)”。根據(jù)后面的“be given”和語(yǔ)境可以看出此空為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表示“應(yīng)該”，故填should。

【9】考查介詞。句意：這意味著17歲以下的青少年沒(méi)有父母的陪同不能看這類(lèi)電影。通過(guò)前文語(yǔ)意可以看出，R級(jí)電影是未成年人不能單獨(dú)觀看的，需要父母在場(chǎng)陪同，而空格前是否定could not，故填without。

【10】考查動(dòng)詞原形。句意：他寫(xiě)道：“對(duì)電影中的吸煙進(jìn)行R級(jí)評(píng)定，可以防止美國(guó)約330名青少年開(kāi)始吸煙，并最終每天延長(zhǎng)170人的壽命”。通過(guò)并列連詞and和謂語(yǔ)would prevent可以看出此空填動(dòng)詞原形，故填extend。