Fourteen – year – old Richie Hawley had spent five years studying violin at the Community School of Performing Arts in Los Angeles when he took part in a violin contest. Ninety two young people were invited to the contest and Hawley came out first．
The contest could have been the perfect setup for fear, worrying about mistakes, and trying to impress the judges．But Hawley says he did pretty well in staying calm. “I couldn’t be thinking about how many mistakes I’d make—it would distract me from playing,” he says．“I didn’t even remember trying to impress people while I played． It’s almost as if they weren’t there． I just wanted to make music．”
Hawley is a winner． But he didn’t become a winner by concentrating on winning． He did it by concentrating on playing well．
“The important thing in the Olympic Games is not to win but to take part,” said the founder of the modern Olympics, Pierre de Coubertin．“The important thing in life is not the triumph but the struggle．The essential thing is not to have conquered but to have fought well．”
A characteristic of high performers is their intense, pleasurable concentration on work, rather than on their competitors or future glory or money, says Dr．Charles Garfield, who has studied 1,500 achievers in business, science, sports, the arts, and professions．“They are interested in winning, but they’re most interested in self-development, testing their limits．”
One of the most surprising things about top performers is how many losses they’ve had and how much they’ve learned from each． “Not one of the 1,500 I studied defined losing as failing,” Garfield says．“They kept calling their losses ‘setbacks’．”
A healthy attitude toward setbacks is essential to winning, experts agree．
“The worst thing you can do if you’ve had a setback is to let yourself get stuck in a prolonged depression． You should analyze carefully what went wrong, identify specific things you did right and give yourself credit for them．” Garfield believes that most people don’t give themselves enough praise． He even suggests keeping a diary of all the positive things you’ve done on the way to a goal．
小題1:Hawley won the contest because _______．
A．he put all his mind to his performance
B．he cared much about the judges’ feelings
C．he tried his best to avoid making mistakes
D．he paid close attention to the people around
小題2:High performers is that they tend to give priority to _______．
A．gloryB．wealthC．pleasureD．work
小題3:According to the passage, successful people concentrate on _______．
A．challenging their own limitsB．learning from others
C．defeating their opponentsD．a(chǎn)voiding setbacks
小題4: It can be learned from the passage that top performers are not _______．
A．interested in winningB．free of losses
C．a(chǎn)ccustomed to failuresD．concerned about setbacks
小題5:The passage tells us that “praise” in times of trouble _______．
A．helps people deal with their disappointment
B．makes people forget their setbacks
C．makes people regret about their past
D．helps people realize their goals

小題1:A
小題2:D
小題3:A
小題4:B
小題5:A

試題分析：文章大意為：小提琴大賽前Richie Hawley在學(xué)校里學(xué)了5年小提琴，在大賽中他脫穎而出接著在分說其參賽時(shí)的心態(tài)、獲勝原因以及成功者的特點(diǎn)。
小題1:A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題：根據(jù)第二段第三句及第四、五句“I couldn’t be thinking about how many mistakes I’d make—it would distract me from playing,” he says．“I didn’t even remember trying to impress people while I played． It’s almost as if they weren’t there． I just wanted to make music．”
可知他全身心投入比賽。
小題2:D細(xì)節(jié)理解題：根據(jù)第四段第一句“A characteristic of high performers is their intense, pleasurable concentration on work, rather than on their competitors or future glory or money,”可知D項(xiàng)正確。
小題3:A細(xì)節(jié)理解題：根據(jù)第四段最后一句“They are interested in winning, but they’re most interested in self-development, testing their limits．”可知選A。
小題4:B 推理判斷題：A 在第五段提到; B 誰(shuí)都會(huì)有失敗，該說法太絕對(duì)，文章第六段也提到成功人士會(huì)失敗，但他們把失敗當(dāng)挫折并從中學(xué)習(xí); C 成功者也有很多失敗，但他們的心態(tài)積極健康，能從失敗中走出，能從中學(xué)到很多東西，這表明成功者對(duì)失敗是抱著一種平常心的；D 成功者也會(huì)關(guān)心挫折，他們會(huì)去分析錯(cuò)在哪里，從中學(xué)到什么。故選B項(xiàng)。
小題5:A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題很明顯地，本文寫的是關(guān)于成功者的心態(tài)方面的問題，探究了如何對(duì)待失敗。所以A正確。
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Dear Editor,
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As far as I know, people who have lived abroad often find that the adjustment （調(diào)整） to returning home is more difficult than their adjustment to living in a foreign culture. Why? We expect to have some problems when we go to a new place, speak a different language and learn the rules of a different culture ... But home? ... we know that place!
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