It’s not a particular brain region that makes someone smart or not smart. Nor is it the strength and speed of the connections throughout the brain or such features as total brain volume. Instead, new research shows, it’s the connections between very specific areas of the brain that determine intelligence.
“General intelligence actually relies on a specific network inside the brain, and this is the connections between the gray matter, or cell bodies, and the white matter, or connecting fibers between neurons(神經(jīng)元)，”said Jan Glascher, lead author of a paper appearing in this week’s issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
The results weren’t entirely unexpected, said Keith Young, vice chairman at Texas A﹠M Health Science Center College of Medicine in Temple, but “it proves that good communication between various parts of brain are very important for this general intelligence.”
“People noticed a long time ago that, in general, people who are good test-takers did well in a lot of different subjects,”explained Young. “If you’re good in mathematics, you’re also usually good in English. Researchers came up with this idea that this represented a kind of overall intelligence.”
Hoping to learn more, some experts located 241 patients who had some sort of their lesions (損害). They then diagrammed the location of their lesions and had them take IQ testes. “We took patients who had parts of their brain damaged, tested them on intelligence to see where they were good and where they were bad, then we connected those scores across all the patients with the location of the brain lesions,”Glascher explained. “That way, you can know the areas that are associated with reduced performance on these tests, which means these areas are really important for general intelligence.”
“These studies suggest results based on the absence of brain tissue (組織),”added Paul Sanberg, famous professor and director of the University of South Florida Center. “It allows them to systemize and find areas important to intellingence.”
1. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. General Intelligence Depend on Brain Volume
B. Scientists Explain Mysteries of Intelligence
C. Science Research Done on Human Brain
D. Brain Lesions Cause Patients Stupid
2.According to Keith Young, we can infer that_____________.
A. the parts of brain are working smooth on their own
B. a person good at maths has obstacles learning languages
C. overall intelligence will make a person successful
D. Jan Glascher’s article really shocks the world
3. Why did experts locate 241 patients with some sort of brain lesions?
A. To diagram the location of their lesions.
B. To take IQ tests to the patients.
C. To know more about the secrets of intelligence.
D. To take better care of the patients.
4.From the diagram, the experts concluded that_____________.
A. the absence of brain tissue will influence intelligence
B. the brain lesions can improve the performance
C. patients with brain lesions will get a high score
D. Some areas totally determine the ability of intelligence
科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學年山東曲阜師大附中高一下學期第一次質量檢測英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
Pets are popular. They’re good listeners, they encourage us to exercise, and they’re always on our side when we argue with others. They can bring people comfort and pleasure.
But it is important to keep in mind that pets can carry diseases that can make you sick. Washing your hands often — especially after you touch, feed, or clean up a pet — is the best way to keep yourself healthy and prevent the spread of disease. Be sure to clean your fingernails（指甲）carefully every time you wash.
You also can protect your health by wearing gloves while cleaning animal cages or cat litter boxes. Avoid washing your pet in the bathtub (浴缸), but if you do, always disinfect (消毒) the tub immediately afterward.
Be sure to bring your pet to the hospital for examinations every two weeks or month and whenever your pet is sick or injured.
You can do a few other things to keep yourself and your pet healthy. Only give your pet food that has been planned ahead for them. It’s not a good idea to share your food with your pet. Human food (like chocolate) can make animals sick. Never feed your pet raw meat because it can carry germs (細菌) that cause serious illness.
And funny as it can be to see your dog or cat drinking from the toilet, don’t let pets do this. It’s bad for your pet’s health! Give them clean, fresh water to drink at all times.
Never give milk to cats. The only milk an animal should drink is from its mother. Cow’s milk is not for pets, especially for cats, as it makes them sick.
Finally, some animals aren’t pets. Don’t take in a wild or abandoned (被拋棄的) animal as a pet because it may have diseases that could make you or your family sick. Instead, turn to an animal rescue group that is trained in helping sick or abandoned animals.
【小題1】The first paragraph mainly tells us that pets can ______.
| A．be great friends | B．bring us pleasure |
| C．help us keep healthy | D．do harm to us |
| A．washing your fingernails after touching your pet |
| B．wearing gloves when cleaning your pet’s cage |
| C．washing your pet in the bathtub |
| D．bringing your pet for examinations regularly |
| A．the cow | B．the mother cat |
| C．cow’s milk | D．mother cat’s milk |
| A．Sharing your chocolate with your dog. |
| B．Letting your dog drink from the toilet. |
| C．Feeding your little cat with raw meat. |
| D．Giving your cat cooked fish. |
| A．call an animal rescue group |
| B．bring it back to your home |
| C．give it first aid（急救）in time |
| D．help to find its owner |
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科目：高中英語 來源：2015屆四川省成都市高一4月月考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
閱讀下面的短文，并根據(jù)短文后的要求答題。(請將答案寫在答題卡上相應番號后的橫線上) （共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）
When you take a taxi in the United States, if you sit in the front seat, the driver will be pleased and talk with you all the way. If you sit in the back seat, however, the driver may be unhappy and unwilling to speak.
At first, I thought that this had something to do with different characters (性格) of the drivers. Later, after I’d had more experiences with taxis, I found that it happened very often. Only when I arrived in San Francisco did I ____________.
I went to see Sonia in San Francisco. One day, Sonia drove the car while her husband, Ji An, sat beside her, and I sat behind Ji An. Later, Ji An got out of the car and suggested that I sit where he had been sitting. It’s not a long way, so I told him that it didn’t matter, but Ji An insisted. I had to move, feeling a little strange.
“Do you know why Ji An asked you to sit here?” Sonia asked me. I shook my head. “If you sit in the front, it means that you and I are friends. If you sit in the back, it seems that I’m just your driver and our relationship is of employer and employee.”
With those words, I understood at once why taxi drivers were so pleased when people sat in the front. On the face of it, the only issue was where one sat. As a matter of fact, where to sit also reflected (反映) the degree of one’s respect for the driver.
Although it is true that the relationship between driver and passenger is a business relationship, people still place an emphasis (強調) on respect and friendship beyond any monetary (金錢的) relationship.
1.What’s the best title for the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)
____________________________________________
2.Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
It seemed that the problem was no more than the seat.
____________________________________________
3.Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words)
____________________________________________
4.What’s the culture of taking a taxi in the United States? (Please answer within 30 words.)
____________________________________________
5.Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
____________________________________________
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科目：高中英語 來源：2010年江西省高二上學期期中考試英語卷 題型：其他題
對話填空（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）
Jack-J; Laura-L
J: I’d like to mail this box to Hong Kong. How much will it be, please?
L: Do you want to send it first class or second class?
J: How much is first class and how (76)l does it take? 1.
L: It’s a light box. First class would cost $ 8.20. I(77)g it 2.
will take about eight to ten days to arrive.
J: And second class?
L: Sending it second class would be (78) c , 3.
but it wouldn’t arrive (79)u about a month from now. You’ll pay $ 4.90 only.4.
J: Oh, I want it to arrive (80)e than that. I’ll mail it first class. 5.
L: What’s in the box? I need to know in order to(81) c the form. 6.
J:A(82)s of glasses. 7.
Are there any other forms I need to fill out because it’s going to a foreign country?
L: Yes , one more. You have to write clearly what is in the box and the (83) v 8.
J: Here it is.
L: You forgot to put a return address on this box. It’s not a post office rule,
but we usually (84)a people that all mail have a proper return address. 9.
J: OK. I’ll do it right now. I’ll also buy ten 60-cent stamps.
L: Let’s see. The box and the stamps. Your (85)t bill comes to $ 14.20. 10.
J: Thank you.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2010年孝感高中高二下學期期末考試英語卷 題型：閱讀理解
It was shortly before midnight, and Dr Patricia was getting ready for bed. The phone rang on the end of the line was a woman about to break a promise.
The woman was her mother’s neighbor. Flora Harris had made the neighbor swear she wouldn’t tell her daughter she’d had a heart attack and was in the hospital, for fear her daughter would worry. The neighbor wisely decided to disobey orders.
Harris desperately wanted to get to the hospital immediately, but she couldn’t. She lives in Washington, D. C, and her mother lives in California.
For the past year a half, Harris has gone to Los Angeles every other month to take care of her mother. Flora Harris takes care of her husband, James, who’s 91 and has Alzheimer’s disease. They live in their own home, and a caregiver comes to help them a few hours a day.
Harris is one of many Americans facing the heartache of how to take care of aging parents from afar. She’s often worried, not to mention exrtemely busy with a demanding job, two teenage daughters and the frequent trips to California.
In some ways, Harris is lucky. She has the resources to make the trips to Los Angeles. Plus, Harris is a doctor who treats the elderly.
“But it’s still tough,” she says. “I can foresee what the next few years are going to look like, and it’s not a pretty picture. My father’s going to need diapers (尿布). There will come a time when he won’t recognize me and he’s easily excited. I worry he’s going to be violent and hurt my mother.”
So what do you do when you live a continent away from your aging, sick parents? There are no magic answers. You can hire someone to help, but you can’t oursource it completely.
1.Why was the woman thought to have broken a promise?
|
A．She failed to take care of Flora. |
|
B．She was not supposed to call Harris at midnight. |
|
C．She couldn’t go to hospital on time. |
|
D．She told Harris about her mother’s illness. |
2.What can we learn about Patricia Harris from the passage?
|
A．She thinks it harder to look after her parents the next few years. |
|
B．Her parents cannot take of themselves at all. |
|
C．She cannot do a demanding job. |
|
D．She cannot afford to go to California often. |
3.What does the underlined word “outsource” in the last paragragh mean?
|
A．Arrange somebody outside to do a job. |
|
B．Work something out by oneself. |
|
C．Speak something out for help. |
|
D．Understand something. |
4.What’s the main idea of this passage?
|
A．Aging people in the USA are increasing. |
|
B．The rate of heart disease is high in America. |
|
C．It is difficult to tend aging parents from afar. |
|
D．Harris advises on tending aging parents from afar. |
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科目：高中英語 來源：20102011學年江西省南昌市高二下學期期中考試英語試題 題型：閱讀理解
Every summer thousands of Americans stay at home instead of going on holiday because they're overweight. They don't want people to see them sunbathing and they don't want to have to squeeze into plane seats，But now，thanks to the growing number of weight-friendly holiday packages，the overweight are having their days in the sun.
"Overweight people will have a great time on our holidays as we don't judge them like other people do，" said Liz Nickels，the owner of Big Adventures，a US-based company that hosts scuba-diving—a sport of swimming underwater while breathing through a tube connected to a tank on your back for larger people. As a way to keep up with the demand for extralarge accommodation，many hotels in the US have started to offer features such as wide beds and hand-held showers. But the best in plus-size vacation lies at Mexico's Freedom Paradise，a 112-room resort(度假勝地) opening this month，which urges guests to" Live Large，Live Free" .
The hotel has wide doorways，reinforced furniture and extra large chairs. It also boasts a private beach to protect people from the stares that can occur on public beaches. "It's not a hotel just for large people. It's a size-friendly place where anyone can enjoy a holiday，" said owner J urrian Kilnk，"What we noticed was that a lot of oversized people don't feel comfortable at resorts. "Staff members of all sizes are hired by the hotel to make overweight people feel OK.
Though many welcome the new service，some feel differently. "I have a real problem with this，"said Nancy Lenhart，the owner of Camp La Jolia，a Californian weight-loss and fitness camp.
"If you talk about oversized beds and doorways you are throwing their weight in their faces. Overweight people want to be normalized. They shouldn't be discriminated against like this. "
1. Large people don't want to go on holiday because .
A. they don't like sunbathing B. they don't want to be looked at
C. the planes are too crowded D. hotels are not open to them
2.In the first paragraph，weight-friendly holiday packages mean .
A. there are some free packages for the overweight
B. people are friendly to the overweight
C. special holiday for the overweight
D. the overweight can lose weight
3.Scuba-diving is a sport of swimming .
A. for people to lose weight B. only for larger people
C. jumping from the platform D. underwater
4. Mexico's Freedom Paradise is a hotel .
A. for people of all sizes B. only intended for larger people
C. where everything is oversized D. where larger people can live for free
5.The underlined part" you are throwing their weight in their faces" means .
A. you are beating them in the face B. you are showing them that they are overweight
C. their faces seem bigger than others D. you can make them lose weight
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