6.
A.indicatorB.predictC.processD.movementE.a(chǎn)daptF.tracked
G.formationH.deliberateI.similarJ.a(chǎn)dvantageousK.surprised
Dogs Used to Be More Like Cats
Researchers studying fossils (化石) of the early ancestors of dogs that lived up to 40million years ago believe the predators (捕食性動物) evolved as a direct consequence of climate change.The study claims the (41)C transformed man's best friend from a creature that behaved more like a cat,into the canine (犬) we know and love today.
Ancestors of dogs living in North America 40million years ago were ambush (伏擊式) predators-in a(n) (42)I way to cats'.But a million years later,the thick forest that once covered the continent began to give way to grasslands.This led to a(n) (43)G in the body shape and hunting behavior of dogs,turning them into animals that no longer (44)K their prey (獵物),but chased it down instead.
This evolutionary transition was (45)F by the scientists who examined the elbows and teeth of 32species of dogs that lived between 40million and two million years ago.
"The elbow is a really good (46)A of what carnivores (食肉動物) are doing with their forelimbs (前肢),which tells their entire (47)D abilities,"said Brown University's Christine Janis,who led the study.
The research was based on an analysis of fossil specimens (標本) in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.It suggests dog evolution was directly related to climate change.After all,it was not (48)J to operate as a pursuit-and-pounce predator until there was room to run.
If predators evolved with climate change over the last 40million years,the authors argue they may continue to (49)E in response to the present global warming trend.In this way,the results of the study could help (50)B how animals may look in the future.

分析 本文屬于科普性文章,向讀者介紹了狗因氣候而變化的觀點

解答 41  C 考查名詞詞義,process過程,進程,這項研究聲稱這個過程把人類最好的朋友一個行為表現(xiàn)像貓的動物,變成了我們今天知道和喜愛的犬.
42.I 考查形容詞詞義,根據(jù)文意that behaved more like a cat,說明之前的狗和貓比較相像,在這里選擇與之對應(yīng)的similar.
43.G 考查名詞詞義,此空出現(xiàn)在冠詞后,而后面又缺少名詞,說明空格處需要填入一個名詞.未被使用的名詞只有formation 和movement.能與身形和捕獵行為搭配,且意思通順的名詞,應(yīng)為formation形成.
44.K考查形容詞詞義,本題考查考生對前半部分文章的理解,不能單看一句.破題點是前文中ambush  predators一詞.狗以前是貓一樣的伏擊式捕獵者,變化是如今不再伏擊,進一步可以理解為不再襲擊動物.surprise的意思除了考生熟悉的"是吃驚"外,還有"襲擊"的意思.有的考生會誤選tracked.注意:track追蹤,看似可以,但是track和chase并不能構(gòu)成對立的意思.更何況按照常識,狗追蹤獵物也屬正常.
45.F 考查動詞詞義,這里要求使用被動語態(tài),有可能的答案只剩下surprised 和tracked.注意surprise的用法只能是sth.surprise sb./sb.be surprised by sth.這道題選對也可以倒推出44題答案.
46.A 考查動詞  本空缺少名詞作表語,且要描述的對象是elbow,再聯(lián)系后面的動詞tell,可以確定選擇indicator(指示物)
47.D 考查名詞詞義 從語法角度看,此處缺乏形容詞修飾名詞,但考生不應(yīng)忽略,名詞也可以修飾名詞.movement abilities意為"運動能力".
48.J 考查形容詞詞義  考生應(yīng)熟悉句型it is (not) adj.to do sth.從而判斷本題應(yīng)選用形容詞,備選詞有deliberate和advantageous.原文中After all畢竟,和until 直到,給到考生暗示.原文意思是:畢竟,直到有了奔跑的空間,追捕型捕食者才有了優(yōu)勢.
49.E 考查動詞     此空需要填寫一個能與to搭配的動詞原形.備選選項有adapt和predict.語義只有adapt復(fù)合語境.從一開始文章就介紹了狗的進化和氣候變化有關(guān),而在結(jié)尾的地方再次提及"如果在過去的4000萬年前,食肉動物是隨著氣候的變化而進化的,那么…"照常理推論,后面的語義應(yīng)為繼續(xù)適應(yīng)新的變化.
50.B 考查動詞 從語法上講,只剩下predict.從語義上講,In this way說明前后句義銜接,現(xiàn)在的研究能夠預(yù)測未來動物的樣子.選擇predict 語義通順

點評 考生在做十一選十時,可以先判斷所給單詞的詞性、詞義,再與空格所需的詞性和詞義匹配.本文有一定的難度,給出的單詞不少都是多種詞性,要求考生在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上,對考綱詞匯的各種詞性全面掌握.

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