How Does Your Body Keep the Same Temperature?

       The temperature of your body should always be the same if you are fine, no matter whether the weather is hot or cold. That is why the doctor tests your temperature with a thermometer when you are sick. Normally, your  body temperature is ninety-eight point six degrees Fahrenheit (華氏的). If it is higher than that, it is a sure sign that something is wrong with your body.

       Your body keeps the same temperature all the time, because it balances (平衡) the heat it produces and the heat it gives off. It is always burning up food and producing heat. It can produce heat faster when the body needs or give off heat faster when the body becomes too warm. Let’s see how this works.

       The heat of your body is given off chiefly through the skin. When you feel cold, your skin is tight and shows “goose flesh”. When you feel chilly (寒冷的), you must jump around to keep warm. Then your muscles begin to work, burn up fuel and produce more heat. It is not pleasant to shiver so you usually prefer warming up by taking exercise, or put on more clothes to keep warm.

       When you get warm, the skin is loose and soft. It is so supplied with blood that heat is given off rapidly. If you get too warm, you begin to sweat and more body heat is used in evaporating the moisture (蒸發(fā)水分) in your body. In warm weather or warm rooms, you wear less clothing, so that heat can be given off freely. You prefer less exercise because your body is warm enough, and the extra heat produced by taking too much exercise makes you uncomfortable.

       Now you see why you feel differently in different kinds of weather. In summer, when it is hot, you feel tired and lazy. You do not care to work or play, but enjoy lying down and doing nothing. When you get out of doors in winter, the cold air makes you feel lively. You want to run and play.

52．Why does the doctor take a person’s temperature when he gets sick?

A.    Because his temperature is a sign which can show whether he is sick or not.

B.    Because his temperature is always the same, no matter whether he is sick or not.

C.    Because when he is ill, his temperature is sure to be higher than normal.

D.    Because his temperature will be sure to change if something is wrong with him.

53． How does the body keep the same temperature all the time?

A.  It balances the heat it gets and loses.

B.  It is always producing heat from food.

C.  It gives off the heat that the body produces.

D.  It stops producing heat when it needs to.

54．When a person gets too warm, he begins to sweat in order to _____________.

A.  evaporate the moisture

B.  give off heat quickly

C.  make the skin soft and loose

D.  get the blood to move faster

55．From this passage we know that we feel differently in different kinds of weather because _________.

A.  our bodies deal with different kinds of weather in different ways to keep the same temperature.

B.  we feel tired and lazy in summer and lively in winter when we are outside in cold air

C.  we have different emotions in different kinds of weather

D.  the body temperature is always changing in different kinds of weather

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：高二英語(yǔ)第三次階段考試卷 題型：001

聽(tīng)力

第一節(jié)

請(qǐng)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。在聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。

1．When did the basketball match begin yesterday afternoon？

A．At 2∶30

B．At 2∶45

C．At 3∶10

2．What is the possible relationship between the two speakers？

A．Colleagues(同事)．

B．Employer and employee．

C．Mother and son．

3．Where did this conversation most probably take place？

A．In a bank．

B．In a hospital．

C．In a hotel．

4．How does the man control his weight？

A．By going on diet．

B．By exercising

C．y eating fruits and vegetables

5．How did the woman feel about the price of the books？

A．She thought they were expensive

B．She liked the books

C．She thought they were cheap

第二節(jié)

請(qǐng)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C、三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。在聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，每個(gè)小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6至第7題。

6．When did Steven start to feel bad？

A．On Tuesday．

B．On Monday．

C．On Sunday

7．What’s the possible relationship between the two speakers？

A．Friends．

B．Employer and employee．

C．Husband and wife

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至第10題。

8．What is William probably going to do on Friday evening？

A．To go to a pub．

B．To drink at home．

C．To wash his car

9．What does William usually do on Saturday morning？

A．He reads newspapers．

B．He plays chess．

C．He washes his car

10．What does Betty usually do on Sunday morning？

A．She plays chess with her friends

B．She reads the Sunday newspapers in the garden

C．She reads Sunday newspapers to her father

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至第13題。

11．How many hamburgers do they decide to buy at last？

A．30

B．50

C．15

12．For whom do they decide to buy some chicken？

A．Those who like hamburgers and hot dogs

B．Those who dislike hamburgers or hot dogs

C．Those who will not go to the picnic

13．What might they not plan to buy？

A．Fruit．

B．Potato chips．

C．Soft drinks

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至第16題。

14．What do we learn about the man from the conversation？

A．He has applied for a part-time job

B．He is 21 years old

C．He is a teacher at the moment

15．What sport does the man like best？

A．Table tennis．

B．Tennis．

C．Football

16．How much will the man get if he works for two weeks？

A．157 pounds．

B．175 pounds．

C．350 Pounds

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至第20題。

17．What does Kerilin Tian do？

A．She’s a manager．

B．She’s a secretary．

C．She’s a visitor

18．When does she begin to work？

A．At 6∶30 am．

B．At 7∶30 am．

C．At 8∶30 am

19．What does she do at 10∶30 in the morning？

A．She has a break．

B．She makes a phone call．

C．She checks her e-mail

20．What does she think of her job？

A．It’s tiring．

B．It’s challenging．

C．It’s interesting

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2010年普通高等學(xué)校招生統(tǒng)一考試--英語(yǔ)（浙江卷） 題型：閱讀理解

 

I needed to buy a digital camera, one that was simply good at taking good snaps (快照), maybe occasionally for magazines. Being the cautious type, I fancied a reliable brand. So I went on the net, spent 15 minutes reading product reviews on good websites, wrote down the names of three top recommendations and headed for my nearest big friendly camera store. There in the cupboard was one of the cameras on my list. And it was on special offer. Oh joy. I pointed at it and asked an assistant, “Can I have one of those?” He looked perturbed (不安).“Do you want to try it first?" he said. It didn't quite sound like a question. "Do I need to?" I replied. "There's nothing wrong with it?" This made him look a bit insulted and I started to feel bad. "No, no. But you should try it," he said encouragingly." Compare it with the others. "

     I looked across at the others: shelves of similar cameras placed along the wall, offering a wide range of slightly different prices and discounts, with each company selling a range of models based around the same basic box. With so many models to choose from, it seemed that I would have to spend hours weighing X against Y, always trying to take Z and possibly H into account at the same time. But when I had finished, I would still have only the same two certainties that I had entered the store with: first, soon after I carried my new camera out of the shop, it would be worth half what I paid for it; and second, my wonderful camera would very quickly be replaced by a new model.

     But something in the human soul whispers that you can beat these traps by making the right choice, the clever choice, the wise choice. In the end, I agreed to try the model I had chosen. The assistant seemed a sincere man. So I let him take out my chosen camera from the cupboard, show how it took excellent pictures of my fellow shoppers... and when he started to introduce the special features, I interrupted to ask whether I needed to buy a carry-case and a memory card as well.

      Why do we think that new options (選擇) still offer us anything new? Perhaps it is because they offer an opportunity to avoid facing the fact that our real choices in this culture are far more limited than we would like to imagine.

1. The shop assistant insisted that the writer should __ .

     A. try the camera to see if there was anything wrong with it

     B. compare the camera he had chosen with the others

     C. get more information about different companies

     D. trust him and stop asking questions

2. What does the writer mean by "it would be worth half what I paid for it"  (Paragraph 2) ?

     A. He should get a 50% discount.

     B. The price of the camera was unreasonably high.

     C. The quality of the camera was not good.

     D. The camera would soon fall in value.

3. The writer decided to try the model he had chosen because he __ .

     A. knew very little about it

     B. didn't trust the shop assistant

     C. wanted to make sure the one he chose would be the best

     D. had a special interest in taking pictures of his fellow shoppers

4. It can be inferred from the passage that in the writer's opinion, __

     A. people waste too much money on cameras

     B. cameras have become an important part of our daily life

     C. we don't actually need so many choices when buying a product

     D. famous companies care more about profit than quality

 

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

A few minutes ago, walking back from lunch I started to cross the street when I heard the sound of a coin dropping. It wasn’t much but, as I turned, my eyes caught the heads of several other people turning too. A woman had dropped what appeared to be a dime.

       The tinkling sound of a coin dropping on sidewalk is an attention-getter. It can be nothing more than a penny. Whatever the coin is, no one ignores the sound of it. It got me thinking about sounds again.

       We are surrounded y so many sounds that attract the most attention. People in New York City seldom turn to look when a fire engine, a police car or an ambulance comes screaming along the street.

       When I’m in New York, I’m a New Yorker. I don’t turn either. Like the natives. I hardly hear a siren (警笛) there .

       At home in my little town in Connecticut, it’s different. The distant loud noise of a police car , an emergency vehicle or a fire siren brings me to my feet if I’m seated and brings me to the window if I’m in bed .

       It’s the quietest sounds that have most effect on us, not the loudest. In the middle of the night, I can hear a dripping tap a hundred yards away through three closed doors. I’ve been hearing little creaking noises and sounds which my imagination turns into footsteps in the middle of the night for twenty-five years in our house. How come I never hear those sounds in the daytime?

       I’m quite clear in my mind what the good sounds are and what he bad sounds are

       I’ve turned against whistling, for instance. I used to think of it as the mark of a happy worker but lately I’ve been connecting the whistler with a nervous person making noises.

       The tapping, tapping, tapping of my typewriter as the keys hit the paper is a lovely sound to me. I often like the sound of what I write better than the looks of it.

1．The sound of a coin dropping makes people _________

       A．think of money                                          B．look at each other          

C．pay attention to it                                D．stop crossing the street

2．How does the author relate to sounds at night?

       A．He imagines sounds that do not exist.

B．He thinks taps should be turned off

C．He believes it’s rather quiet at night

D．He overstates quiet sounds

3．He dislikes whistling because __________.

       A．he is tired of it                                           B．he used to be happier

C．it reminds him of tense people               D．he doesn’t like workers

4．What kind of sound does he find pleasant?

       A．Tapping of his typewriter                            B．Clinking sound of keys

C．Tinkling sound  of a coin dropping              D．Creaking sounds

5．How does the writer feel about sounds in general?

       A．They make him feel at home                

B．He thinks they should be ignored

C．He believes they are part of our lives    

D．He prefers silence to loud noises

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：湖北省同步題 題型：閱讀理解

 
閱讀理解。
     Nuclear radiation from power plant leaks and bomb tests resulted in millions of fewer baby girls
born worldwide, according to a new study.
      Scientists noted these types of atmospheric blasts rather than ontheground incidents like Chernobyl
(切爾諾貝利), effected birth gender across the globe.
      Scientists at Helmholtz Zentrum M?nchen, Germany, analysed population data from 1975 to 2007
for the U．S. and 39 European countries.
      There was an increase in the number of baby boys relative to girls in all of the countries from 1964
to 1975. This was the case in many eastern European countries for several years after 1986.
     Scientists are putting the first spike down to the atomic bomb tests of the 1960s and 1970s where
radioactive atoms were blasted into the atmosphere. Air currents caught these atoms and then distributed
them around the world.
      They think the second spike is due to the 1986 Chernobyl disaster in which the reactor exploded in
the Ukraine(烏克蘭)．
      The effects of Chernobyl were felt locally and no effect was seen in the U．S., probably because it
was too far from the disaster to have an effect.
      "The closer the country was to Chernobyl, the stronger the effect," said study coauthor Hagen Scherb, a biostatistician(生物統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家) at the German Research Center for Environmental Health in Munich.
      More males were born relative to females in Belarus-the Ukraine's neighbour-than in France.
      The study is based largely on Cold Warera statistics, but the findings are highly relevant for how
gender could be affected after future nuclear disasters.
      And in the wake of Japan's Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident experts are predicting
another baby boy boom could come, especially on the U．S. West Coast.
      Previous radiation experiments on animals may give a clue for the increase in male births. Tests showed that radiation caused damage to the X chromosome(染色體) in sperm, Dr Scherb said.
       A human sperm cell contains either an X or Y chromosome, while an egg only has an X chromosome. An XY combination will become a boy, while an XX combination will be a girl.
1．How many nuclear radiation accidents are mentioned in the passage?
A．1.    
B．2.    
C．3.    
D．4.
2．Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A．The ontheground incidents like Chernobyl, effected birth gender across the globe.
B．There was an increase in the number of baby boys in many eastern European countries for several
years after 1986.
C．The Japan's nuclear accident will not effect the birth gender of the U．S. because of the long distance.
D．Where radioactive material has spread, women can't give birth to children.
3．How does radiation effect birth gender?
A．It damages the Y chromosome in sperm.
B．It stops X chromosomes and Y chromosomes combining.
C．It kills baby girls before they are born.
D．It damages the X chromosome in sperm.
4．What does the passage mainly tell us?
A．Nuclear age has led to millions of fewer baby girls being born.
B．Nuclear radiation has bad effects upon people's health.
C．Worries about radiation risks.
D．Nuclear age helps reduce the world population.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：陜西省同步題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解
     Nuclear radiation from power plant leaks and bomb tests resulted in millions of fewer baby girls born
worldwide, according to a new study.
     Scientists noted these types of atmospheric blasts rather than ontheground incidents like Chernobyl
(切爾諾貝利), effected birth gender across the globe.
    Scientists at Helmholtz Zentrum M?nchen, Germany, analysed population data from 1975 to 2007 for
the U. S. and 39 European countries.
     There was an increase in the number of baby boys relative to girls in all of the countries from 1964 to
1975. This was the case in many eastern European countries for several years after 1986.
Scientists are putting the first spike down to the atomic bomb tests of the 1960s and 1970s where
radioactive atoms were blasted into the atmosphere. Air currents caught these atoms and then distributed
them around the world.
     They think the second spike is due to the 1986 Chernobyl disaster in which the reactor exploded in
the Ukraine(烏克蘭).
    The effects of Chernobyl were felt locally and no effect was seen in the U. S., probably because it was
too far from the disaster to have an effect.
    "The closer the country was to Chernobyl, the stronger the effect, " said study coauthor Hagen Scherb, a biostatistician(生物統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家) at the German Research Center for Environmental Health in Munich.
     More males were born relative to females in Belarus-the Ukraine's neighbour-than in France.
     The study is based largely on Cold Warera statistics, but the findings are highly relevant for how gender could be affected after future nuclear disasters.
     And in the wake of Japan's Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident experts are predicting
another baby boy boom could come, especially on the U. S. West Coast.
     Previous radiation experiments on animals may give a clue for the increase in male births. Tests showed that radiation caused damage to the X chromosome(染色體) in sperm, Dr Scherb said.
     A human sperm cell contains either an X or Y chromosome, while an egg only has an X chromosome. An XY combination will become a boy, while an XX combination will be a girl.
1. How many nuclear radiation accidents are mentioned in the passage?
A. 1.    
B. 2.    
C. 3.    
D. 4.
2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. The ontheground incidents like Chernobyl, effected birth gender across the globe.
B. There was an increase in the number of baby boys in many eastern European countries
     for several years after 1986.
C. The Japan's nuclear accident will not effect the birth gender of the U. S. because of the long distance.
D. Where radioactive material has spread, women can't give birth to children
3. How does radiation effect birth gender?
A. It damages the Y chromosome in sperm.
B. It stops X chromosomes and Y chromosomes combining.
C. It kills baby girls before they are born.
D. It damages the X chromosome in sperm.
4. What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. Nuclear age has led to millions of fewer baby girls being born.
B. Nuclear radiation has bad effects upon people's health.
C. Worries about radiation risks.
D. Nuclear age helps reduce the world population.

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