Cancers Cells in our bodies are always dividing,as new cells replace old ones. 36 Cancer cells divide rapidly,and form growths called tumours(腫瘤）. They can spread to take over a whole organ and stop it working properly. If cells break away from the tumour,they can travel to other parts of the body and start new tumours.

   We do not know why some people get cancer while others don't. But faulty genes are certainly the cause of some cancers. Others are caused by chemicals in the environment.

   Cancer is not a single disease. 37 The most common types affect the digestive system and lungs. In women,cancers of the breasts and cervix (子宮頸) are also common.

   Smoking is the cause of almost all cases of lung cancer. Tobacco smoke contains chemicals which can damage the lungs. The more cigarettes a person smokes,the greater their risk of suffering from lung cancer. 38 

   Cancers of the skin are also quite common. Many types of radiation,especially ultraviolet rays (紫外線) from the Sun,can damage skin cells and cause cancer.

   Most cancers can be treated successfully if they are caught early enough. Some treatments involve surgery to remove the tumour. This is often followed by a course of strong drugs. 39 They kill healthy cells as well as cancer cells.

   In the most up-to-date treatments,drugs are delivered directly to the cancer cells using “magic bullets”. These are special antibodies which only attach themselves to cancer cells.

   Similarly, radiotherapy(放射療法) is a type of cancer treatment which uses radiation to kill cancer cells. A narrow bean(光線) of radiation is focused directly at a tumour. 40

   A. Most skin cancers are completely curable.

   B. And the healthy cells nearby are not damaged.

   C. Many of these drugs have unpleasant side-effects.

   D. An X-ray of the lungs shows the position of a tumour.

   E. Different cancers can affect almost any part of the body.

   F. But sometimes the process goes wrong,and a cancer cell is formed.

   G. Fortunately,the risk of getting cancer is reduced when someone stops smoking.

話題:健康

本文是說明文。文章介紹了癌癥的發(fā)病原因、種類及治療方法。

36. F。

F項(xiàng)中的the process指代上句 Cells in our bodies ... old ones ,且 F 項(xiàng) 與下文 Cancer cells divide rapidly ... 相呼應(yīng)。

37. E。

E 項(xiàng)與上句 Cancer is not a single disease相呼應(yīng)，且該段下文是對E項(xiàng) 的具體說明。

38. G。

G 項(xiàng)與上文的 The more cigarettes a person smokes,the greater their risk of suffering from lung cancer 相呼應(yīng)。

39. C.C項(xiàng)與上文的strong drugs相呼 應(yīng)，且下文的 They kill healthy cells as well as cancer cells 進(jìn)一步說明 C 項(xiàng)。

40. B.B 項(xiàng)是對上句 A narrow beam of radiation is focused directly at a tumour的進(jìn)一步說明。

題目來源：2016年英語周報(bào)高三新課標(biāo) > 第46期 2015-2016高三課標(biāo)

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短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

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    2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起) 不計(jì)分。

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