Question

20．Six years ago，a Miami woman walking through the hall of an office building casually noticed two men standing together．Several minutes after her leaving，the men murdered a person working in the building．Police investigators determined that the woman was the only witness who had seen the two suspects，and could possibly describe them．In an interview with police，her memory of the men proved disappointingly unclear．
Several days later，psychologist Ronald P．Fisher was brought in to get a more complete description from the woman．Fisher's interview produced a breakthrough （突破）-the woman reported a clear picture of one of the suspects．She then recalled several details about his appearances．This information gave police important leads that enabled them to arrest the suspects and close the case．
Police investigators found the help from Fisher because of his rich knowledge in conducting the so-called cognitive （認知的） interview，a kind of memory-rebuilding process．In its original form，the cognitive interview focuses on guiding witnesses through four general recalling techniques：thinking about physical surroundings and personal feelings that existed at the time of past events，reporting everything that comes to mind about those events no matter how broken or unconnected，retelling events in kinds of time orders，beginning to end，end to beginning，forward or backward，and accepting different views while recalling events．
Usually，an interviewer begins the cognitive approach by encouraging the witness to take an active role in recalling information rather than giving answers only to someone else's questions．The witness first describes what happened in his or her own words，with no interviewer interruptions．The interviewer then goes further with specific techniques，such as having the witness tell the details of what happened from different aspects．
Experiments with police detectives trained in this demanding interview method find that they get nearly 50% more information from witnesses than before training，while error rates remain about the same．
67．What is the purpose of this passage？D
A．To give an description of a murder case in an office．
B．To explain why Fisher was invited to a police interview．
C．To describe how cognitive method helps the woman to recall．
D．To give the readers an idea of cognitive interview．
68．The cognitive interview helped the woman to recall more byC．
A．strengthening her memory           
B．giving her encouragement
C．rebuilding her memory              
D．giving her more time
69．It can be inferred from the passage that in a cognitive interview，the interviewer mainly plays aArole．
A．directing         
B．questioning   
C．disappointing      
D．interrupting
70．What is the key point of the cognitive interview？B
A．The interviewer should interrupt the witness from time to time．
B．The witness is encouraged to take an active role in recalling information．
C．The interview should take place outside the police station．
D．The witness should recall details at the scene of the event．

Answer 1

分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了認知面試，認知訪談有助于人回憶更多通過重新構(gòu)建記憶．

解答 67．D．細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第三段Police investigators found the help from Fisher because of his rich knowledge in conducting the so-called cognitive （認知的） interview，a kind of memory-rebuilding process可知這篇文章的目的是給讀者一個認知面試的想法；故選D．
68．C．細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第二段the woman reported a clear picture of one of the suspects．She then recalled several details about his appearances．This information gave police important leads that enabled them to arrest the suspects and close the case可知認知訪談有助于女性回憶更多通過重新構(gòu)建記憶；故選C．
69．A．推理判斷題．根據(jù)第四段Usually，an interviewer begins the cognitive approach by encouraging the witness to take an active role in recalling information rather than giving answers only to someone else's questions可知在認知面試中，面試者主要扮演一個指導(dǎo)角色；故選A．
70．B．細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第四段Usually，an interviewer begins the cognitive approach by encouraging the witness to take an active role in recalling information rather than giving answers only to someone else's questions可知認知面試的關(guān)鍵是鼓勵證人積極參與回憶信息；故選B．

點評 考察學(xué)生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．