12.Governments all over the world make public reports about the condition of their economies.Most countries,including the United States,have used a measure called the gross national product (國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值)or GNP.It includes all goods and services produced by citizens of the country anywhere in the world.
Recently the American Commerce Department has started using a new method to measure production.It is known as the gross domestic product(國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值)or GDP.It counts only goods and services that have been produced within the nation's borders.Money earned by foreign companies operating in the United States is included in the GDP,but money earned by American companies operating in other countries is not.
Economic experts generally approve of the change.They say that the gross domestic product provides a truer measure of the economy.They also note that most other industrial countries use this method.Therefore it will be easier to study the economies of different countries.Some officials also hope the new system will help them make better economic policy decisions.It will provide them with a clearer understanding of economic activity in the U.S..The new measure is less likely to be affected by sudden changes in foreign oil prices or in the value of the American dollar in other countries.
Economic experts believe that the change from GNP to GDP will immediately reduce the value of American production by at least 40,000million dollars a year.But that is really a very small change in the American economy-less than 1%.The Commerce Department reports the unofficial gross domestic product once every three months.The government also continues to report GNP as it has four times a year since 1941.

36.To report the American GNP,the government should not consider goods and services producedD.
A.by American companies at home          
B.by American companies in China
C.by American companies in Singapore      
D.by Japanese companies in the United States
37.To report the American GDP,the Commerce Department should count money earnedA.
A.by both American and foreign companies in America
B.by American companies within its own borders
C.by foreign companies in the United States
D.by American companies in its foreign markets
38.GDP is considered better than GNP by some economists becauseD.
A.it is something new              
B.it is used by most countries
C.it is easier to calculate            
D.it is less likely to be affected by the foreign market
39.What will happen to the value of American economy if GDP is used to replace GNP?C
A.It will be seriously affected.
B.It will not be affected.
C.It will come down a little.
D.It will slightly go up.
40.How often are the reports of GDP issued by the American Commerce Department?B
A.once every four months                  
B.once every three months
C.once every six months                   
D.once a year.

分析 本文是經(jīng)濟(jì)生活類的說(shuō)明文.全世界各國(guó)政府都會(huì)定期對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況進(jìn)行一次公開報(bào)告.包括美國(guó)在內(nèi)的大多數(shù)國(guó)家都在使用DNP(國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值)來(lái)衡量經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r.最近,美國(guó)商務(wù)部開始使用一種新的測(cè)量方法--GDP來(lái)衡量經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展.這一測(cè)量方法得到了廣泛認(rèn)可:經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為能夠更好的衡量經(jīng)濟(jì),便于研究;官員們認(rèn)為能更好地幫助他們制定經(jīng)濟(jì)政策.美國(guó)商務(wù)部每三個(gè)月發(fā)布一次非正式的GDP統(tǒng)計(jì); 美國(guó)政府繼續(xù)每年四次發(fā)布GNP.

解答 36.D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第一段"It includes all goods and services produced by citizens of the country anywhere in the world."可知,國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值包括本國(guó)居民在國(guó)內(nèi)和國(guó)外生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品和提供的服務(wù),但不包括外國(guó)人在本國(guó)內(nèi)的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù),故選D.
37.A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段"It counts only goods and services that have been produced within the nation's borders.Money earned by foreign companies operating in the United States is included in the GDP"可知,國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值包括外國(guó)人在本國(guó)范圍內(nèi)生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品和提供的服務(wù),故選A.
38.D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第三段"The new measure is less likely to be affected by sudden changes in foreign oil prices or in the value of the American dollar in other countries."可知,使用國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值來(lái)衡量經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,可以避開國(guó)外市場(chǎng)的波動(dòng),故選D.
39.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)最后一段"the change from GNP to GDP will immediately reduce the value of American production by at least 40,000 million dollars a year."可知,用GDP代替GNP會(huì)使美國(guó)的生產(chǎn)總值下降一點(diǎn),故選C.
40.B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)最后一段"The Commerce Department reports the unofficial gross domestic product once every three months."可知,美國(guó)商務(wù)部每三個(gè)月做一次報(bào)告,故選B.

點(diǎn)評(píng) 閱讀理解要在整體理解文章的基礎(chǔ)上,關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié):閱讀強(qiáng)調(diào)整體把握;解題強(qiáng)調(diào)依據(jù)原文細(xì)節(jié)推敲推斷.

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