6.The common cold is the world's most widespread illness,which is probably why there are more myths about it than any of the other illnesses.
The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold.They are not.They are caused by viruses passing on from person to person.You catch a cold by coming into contact,directly or indirectly,with someone who already has one.If cold causes colds,it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever.But they do not.And in distant and isolated Arctic regions explorers have reposed being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected(感染的)people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.
At the Common Cold Research Unit in England,volunteers took part in experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long periods of time.After taking hot baths,they put on bathing suits,allowed themselves to be doused(浸入)with cold water,and then stood about dripping wet in drafty(通風(fēng)的)room.Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to complete tiredness.Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.
If,then,cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds,why are they more frequent in the winter?Despite the most pains--taking research,no one has yet found the answer.One explanation offered by scientists is that people are more likely to stay together indoors in cold weather than at other times,and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.
No one has yet found a cure for the cold.There are drugs and pain suppressors(止痛片) such as aspirin,but all they do is to relieve the symptoms.
29.The fact that the Eskimos don't suffer colds shows thatD.
A.colds are really full of myths.
B.viruses are the factors causing colds.
C.colds are more serious than other illnesses.
D.the idea that cold leads to colds doesn't stand up.
30.The experiments mentioned in Paragraph 3made it clear thatA.
A.it was viruses not wet and cold that made people have colds.
B.taking hot baths made the volunteers easy to be tired.
C.being doused with cold water did harm to one's body.
D.people who would like to exercise in the rain got colds more easily.
31.According to the passage,colds are commonly seen in winter becauseA.
A.staying together indoors makes it easier for viruses to pass on.
B.viruses can go into people's warm bodies more easily in winter.
C.there is great difference between indoor and outdoor temperature.
D.People are usually weak because of the extreme cold in winter
32.The passage mainly discussesC.
A.the experiments on colds.
B.the myths about colds.
C.the reason and the way people catch colds.
D.the continued spread of common colds.
分析 本文是一篇說明文.主要分析了感冒不是由于寒冷和潮濕引起的而是由于病毒的傳染所引起的.文章列舉了多個(gè)事例來證明這一點(diǎn)如:北極的科考隊(duì)員、奧斯維辛集中營里的人及被置于潮濕和寒冷的環(huán)境下參與實(shí)驗(yàn)的志愿者們.冬天易得感冒的可能原因是冬天大多數(shù)時(shí)間人們都呆在家里,增加了病毒傳染的機(jī)會(huì).
解答 29-32.DAAC
29題答案:D考查細(xì)節(jié)推理,根據(jù)文章第二段的If cold causes colds,it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever.But they do not.如果寒冷導(dǎo)致了感冒,那么愛斯基摩人永遠(yuǎn)都會(huì)遭受感冒這一點(diǎn)是合理的,但是他們并不這樣.可知愛斯基摩人不遭受感冒的事實(shí)說明了"寒冷導(dǎo)致感冒的觀點(diǎn)站不住腳",故本題答案為D選項(xiàng).
30題答案:A考查細(xì)節(jié)推理,根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句話Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.
這些志愿者中沒有一個(gè)人因?yàn)榛几忻岸瓜鲁歉忻安《具M(jìn)入他的鼻子.可知本段表明了"是病毒而非寒冷和潮濕導(dǎo)致了感冒",故本題答案為A選項(xiàng).
31題答案:A根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段的One explanation offered by scientists is that people are more likely to stay together indoors in cold weather than at other times,and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.科學(xué)家提供的一種解釋是在寒冷的天氣人們更有可能比其它時(shí)候一起待在室內(nèi),這使得感冒病毒更容易傳染.可知本題答案為A選項(xiàng).
32題答案:C考查主旨大意,文章主要討論了人們真正感冒的原因及途徑;故本題答案為C選項(xiàng).
點(diǎn)評(píng) 本文是一篇科教類閱讀,題目涉及多道細(xì)節(jié)理解題,做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì) 性找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案.推理判斷也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確的答案.