閱讀理解

Scientists have tried to come up with biological explanations for the difference between boys and girls.

However, none were believable enough to explain the general picture. As one scientist points out, “ There are slight genetic（遺傳的） differences between the sexes at birth which may affect the subjects boys and girls choose. But the difficulty is that by the time children reach school age, there are so many other effects that it is almost impossible to tell whether girls are worse at science and math, or whether they’ve been brought up to think of these subjects as boys territory.”

Statistics（統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)）show that in mathematics, at least, girls are equal to boys. A recent report suggests that girls only stop studying mathematics because of social attitudes. One of the reports’ authors says, “While it is socially unacceptable for people not to be able to read and write, it is still acceptable for women to say that they are ‘hopeless’ at math. Our research shows that, although girls get marks which are as good as the boys, they have not been encouraged to do so.”

The explanation for the difference, which is very clear during the teenage years, goes as far back as early childhood experiences. From their first days in nursery school, girls are not encouraged to work on their own or to complete tasks, although boys are. For example, boys not girls, are often asked to ‘help’ with repair work. This encouragement leads to a way of learning how to solve problems later on in life. Evidence（證據(jù)）shows that exceptional（例外的） mathematicians and scientists did not have teachers who supplied answers; they had to find out for themselves.

A further report on math teaching shows that teachers seem to give more attention to boys than to girls.

Most teachers who took part in the study admitted that they expect their male students to do better at mathematics and science subjects than their female students. All of this tends to encourage boys to work harder in these subjects, gives them confidence（信心） and makes them believe that they can succeed.

Interestingly, both boys and girls tend to regard such ‘male’ subjects like mathematics and science as difficult. Yet it has been suggested that girls avoid mathematics courses, not because they are difficult, but for social reasons.

Mathematics and science are mainly male subjects, and therefore, as girls become teenagers, they are less likely to take them up. Girls do not seem to want to be in open competition with boys. Neither do they want to do better than boys because they are afraid to appear less femaleお and so, less attractive.

1.The underlined word “territory” in the second paragraph most probably means “_____________”.

A. interest　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　    B.area of land

C.special field　　　　　　　　　　　　　　     　　　　　　  D.district

2.According to scientific studies_____________ .

A. math is not fit for girls to learn

B.boys have a special sense of math

C.girls are poorer at math because they are the weaker sex

D.girls can learn math as well as boys if given enough encouragement

3.Those who made extraordinary contribution toお mathematics and science _____________.

A. usually had good teachers to help them

B.had the abilities to solve problems by themselves

C.usually worked harder than others

D.were encouraged to repair things when young

4.Which of the following is not true according to the text?

A.It seems socially acceptable for a girl not to be able to read and write.

B.It is a social problem rather than a problem of brains that girls are poor at math.

C.Mathematics and science are not easy subjects to either girls or boys.

D.There is no connection between a girl’s ability in math and her appearance.

5.What would be the best title for the text?

A. Who’s Afraid of Math Anyway?

B. Are Boys Cleverer than Girls?

C. Boys Are Better at Math than Girls by Birth

D. Math—A Difficult Subject

 

答案：C;D;B;A;A
解析：

1、該題為詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)句意可以知道，該詞意思是“領(lǐng)土，地域”。

2、根據(jù)第三段中“Statistics（統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)）show that in mathematics, at least, girls are equal to boys. A recent report suggests that girls only stop studying mathematics because of social attitudes.”兩句的意思可以判斷出答案。

3、該題為細(xì)節(jié)判斷題，根據(jù)文章中的“Evidence （證據(jù)）shows that exceptional（例外的） mathematicians and scientists did not have teachers who supplied answers; they had to find out for themselves.”可以判斷出答案。

4、該題為細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段的內(nèi)容可以判斷出答案。

5、該題為主旨大意題。本文的陳述澄清了人們的一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤認(rèn)識(shí)，即女孩子怕學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)，他們?cè)谶@方面要遜色于男孩。所以A選項(xiàng)切中文意。

 


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