In the United States，train transportation is unpopular compared with cars and airplanes．Most people like traveling by car or by air.
Officials of the United States Department of Transportation made a study in 2001．The study is about how many miles Americans traveled by different means of transportation．They only studied trips longer than 50 miles．The study showed that fifty-six percent of all miles were traveled in personal vehicle．Forty-one percent were traveled in an airplane．Two percent were traveled in a bus．And less than one percent of miles were traveled in a train.
Amtrak is the national provider of train transportation in the United States．In the past ten years，the number of its passengers has increased by eighteen percent．Although the number of passengers has increased，it is still very small now．In countries such as France，Germany，or Japan，more people use trains．
There are several reasons why many people __________________________．
Firstly，Americans love to drive their own cars．On highways，cars can travel as fast as trains．These highways connect all major cities in America．Secondly，many travelers like to be independent．When they use their own cars they can decide when to travel．Thirdly，many buses travel between major cities．Bus travel is less costly than train travel.
In a huge country like the United States，cities are far away from each other．In some cases，travel from one city to another by train may take more than a day．Airplanes can carry passengers over long distances much faster．People who do not want to spend long time traveling by train decide to fly．For these people saving time is the most important thing.
【小題1】What is the best title of the passage? （Please answer within 10 words.）
【小題2】Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
It’s convenient for people to decide the start-off time when they travel in their own cars.
【小題3】Please fill in the blank in the fourth paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.（Please answer within 10 words.）
【小題4】What means of transportation do you like best when traveling，trains，cars，or planes? Why? （Please answer within 30 words）
【小題5】Translate the underlined sentences in the last paragraph into Chinese.


【小題1】Train transportation in the USA is less popular．
【小題2】When they use their own cars they can decide when to travel．
【小題3】don’t like to travel by train
【小題4】Usually I’d like to travel by car, because I can decide when to travel．
If it is a long distance, I’ll travel by air, because it is faster．
【小題5】那些不想花長(zhǎng)時(shí)間坐火車旅行的人就決定乘飛機(jī),對(duì)這些人來(lái)說，節(jié)約時(shí)間是最重要的。

解析【小題1】主旨題：文章第一段的主題句train transportation is unpopular compared with cars and airplanes．可知美國(guó)的火車不是很受歡迎：Train transportation in the USA is less popular．
【小題2】?jī)删湓挼囊馑级际牵鹤约洪_車的時(shí)候可以選擇什么時(shí)候出發(fā)：When they use their own cars they can decide when to travel．
【小題3】下文解釋的是為什么美國(guó)人不喜歡乘火車：don’t like to travel by train
【小題4】文章第五段講的是人們?yōu)槭裁聪矚g開車，第六段講的是人們?yōu)槭裁聪矚g乘飛機(jī)：Usually I’d like to travel by car, because I can decide when to travel．
If it is a long distance, I’ll travel by air, because it is faster．
【小題5】翻譯這句話要注意定語(yǔ)從句who do not want to spend long time traveling by train修飾people，第二句話里面的saving time是動(dòng)名詞做定語(yǔ)，譯文是：那些不想花長(zhǎng)時(shí)間坐火車旅行的人就決定乘飛機(jī),對(duì)這些人來(lái)說，節(jié)約時(shí)間是最重要的。

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：天津市薊縣下營(yíng)中學(xué)2010屆高三下學(xué)期第一次月考試題（英語(yǔ)） 題型：閱讀理解


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閱讀下列短文, 從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng), 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
The ability to do several things at once has become one of the great measures of self-worth for 21-century Americans. It is called multitasking, and it takes many forms. As one example, why go out to lunch when you can eat at your desk, talk to a client on the phone, scroll through your e-mail, and scan a memo simultaneously? And why simply work out on treadmill (單調(diào)的工作) when you could be watching television and talking on a portable phone at the same time? What a feeling of satisfaction and accomplishment --- three activities for the time commitment of one! Ah, such efficiency. No wonder those who turn “to do” lists into a time-management art form tend to boast (自夸): “Look, me, how many things I can accomplish at once. If I’m this busy, I must be important.”
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Even a small reduction in salt in the diet can be a big help to the heart. A new study used a computer model to predict how just three grams less a day would affect heart disease in the United States.

The result：10％ fewer heart attacks. 8％ fewer strokes. 4％ fewer deaths. 11％ fewer new cases of heart disease. And 240 billion dollars in health care savings.

Researchers found it could prevent 10，000 heart attacks and 9。200 deaths every year.

The study is in the New England Journal of Medicine. Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo at the University of California San Francisco was the lead author. She says people would not even notice a difference in taste with three grams， or one-half teaspoon，less salt per day. The team also included researchers at Stanford and Columbia Uni versity.

Each gram of salt contains four hundred milligrams of sodium（鈉），which is how foods may list their salt content.

The government says the average American man eats ten grams of salt a day. The American Heart Association advises no more than three grams for healthy people. It says salt in the American diet has increased fifty percent since the nineteen seventies， while blood pressures have also risen. Less salt can mean a lower blood pressure.

New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg is leading an effort called the National Salt Reduction Initiative. The idea is to put pressure on food companies and restaurants. Critics call it government interference.

Mayor Bloomberg has already succeeded in other areas， like requiring fast food places in the city to list calorie information. Now a study by the Seattle Children’s Research Institute shows that the calorie information on the menu can influence what parents order for their children.

1.We can tell from the passage that now        heart attacks occur in the US every year.

A．240，000

B．900，000

C．100，000

D．92，000

2.It can be inferred from the passage that           .

A．a(chǎn)ll the heart diseases result from eating too much salt

B．the American Heart Association suggests less than 3 grams of salt a day for everyone

C．Americans ate no more than 5 grams of salt per day in the 1970s

D．the less salt one eats， the healthier he will be

3.The last paragraph mainly tells us            .

A．Bloomberg has made some other efforts to improve people’s health

B．Bloomberg is very successful in his career

C．parents must pay great attention to calorie information

D．a(chǎn) new study is being done about calorie information

 

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第二部分：閱讀理解(共15小題：每小題2分, 滿分30分)

閱讀下列短文, 從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng), 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

The ability to do several things at once has become one of the great measures of self-worth for 21-century Americans. It is called multitasking, and it takes many forms. As one example, why go out to lunch when you can eat at your desk, talk to a client on the phone, scroll through your e-mail, and scan a memo simultaneously? And why simply work out on treadmill (單調(diào)的工作) when you could be watching television and talking on a portable phone at the same time? What a feeling of satisfaction and accomplishment --- three activities for the time commitment of one! Ah, such efficiency. No wonder those who turn “to do” lists into a time-management art form tend to boast (自夸): “Look, me, how many things I can accomplish at once. If I’m this busy, I must be important.”

Yet last week the New York Assembly struck a blow against multitasking, at least behind the wheel, when it approved a bill banning drivers in the state from using handheld cellular phones. Too dangerous, the assembly said, citing research showing that drivers are four times more likely to have a collision when they are talking on a cellphone.

No one can argue against using time effectively. But accompanying the supposed gains are losses. Consider the woman out for an early-morning walk in a suburban neighborhood. She strides briskly, head down, cellphone clamped to her ear, chattering (喋喋不休) away, oblivious of the birds and flowers and glorious sunshine. Did the walk have any value?

More than a decade ago, long before multi-tasking became a word in everyday use, a retired professor of theology(神學(xué)) in Indiana with whom I corresponded (通信) made a case for what might be called uni-tasking — the old-fashioned practice of doing one thing at a time.

Offering the simplest example, he said, “When you wash the dishes, wash the dishes.” Good advice, I’ve found, whatever the task.

Perhaps, too, the ban on phoning-on-the-road will even spark a move away from other forms of dual activity. Who can tell? It could mark the first step in a welcome reconsideration of what really constitutes productivity and accomplishment.

1. The author thinks that multitasking has become one of the great measures of self-worth because ________.

A. it helps people to use time effectively                   

B. it makes people feel they are important

C. it means the ability to do several things at once     

D. people worship speed and desire

2. The bill approved by the New York Assembly is mentioned in the second paragraph in order to ________.

A. demonstrate the danger of multitasking                

B. show the high efficiency of multitasking

C. introduce the legislation system in America   

D. argue against using time effectively

3. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “oblivious” in the third paragraph?

A. serious                     B. absorbed deeply      

C. not noticing                     D. forgetting

4. We learn from the passage that uni-tasking is ________.

A. the new fashion for 21-century Americans            

B. accepted by most residents in Indiana

C. created by a retired professor of theology

D. the traditional act of doing one thing at once

5. In the eyes of the author, multi-tasking ________.

A. could not be avoided in this fast-changing age

B. should be taken the place of by uni-tasking

C. robs people of time to focus and reflect

D. should not become a word in everyday use

 

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