His school bag _____ a lot of things, a secondhand cell phone_____.
A.contained; includingB.contained; included
C.including; containedD.included; containing
B

試題分析:contain的基本意思是“包含”“容納”,表示實(shí)際包含著某一部分或成分。引申可表示“抑制”“控制”等。
contain是及物動(dòng)詞,接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)。表示“所屬”“構(gòu)成”關(guān)系時(shí),不能用于進(jìn)行體,不能用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu),也不可用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ); 作“控制,抑制”解時(shí),多用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句,其后接介詞for〔with〕+高興〔氣憤〕等名詞,也可指大小便“憋不住,忍不住”。
contain有時(shí)還可表示“作…的邊”“可被…除盡〔整除〕”解。
include后接的賓語(yǔ)可能指整體,也可能指一部分,應(yīng)在容易舞會(huì)的場(chǎng)合盡量避免使用。include不用于進(jìn)行體中。
這里他是書包里裝有的東西應(yīng)該用contained;第二空including sth;sth included,故選B。
點(diǎn)評(píng):本題難度適中。同義詞辨析主要從詞義、色彩、用法三個(gè)方面來(lái)考慮。一、詞義包括詞義范圍的大小,詞義的側(cè)重點(diǎn),詞義的輕重等。二、從色彩方面辨析包括感情色彩和文體色彩。三、從語(yǔ)法方面辨析包括語(yǔ)法的特性,適用對(duì)象,搭配關(guān)系等。
即學(xué)即練:His writings_____ poetry and prose.
A. contained                B. included
C. includs                 D. containing
解析:B。句意:他的作品包括詩(shī)和散文。
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