According to a recent article in The Wall Street Journal, we might all be braggarts(大話王) in this competitive society addicted to social networking.
Take a close look at your social­networking sites. Do you like to post photos of yourself in restaurants to show others what an exciting life you have? Or do you like to write about how happily in love you are? Or perhaps you are of the subtle type who constantly complain about jobs but really just want to impress others with your important position.
According to the results of a series of experiments conducted by Harvard University neuroscientists(神經(jīng)科學(xué)家), the reward areas of our brain——the same areas that respond to “primary rewards” such as food ——are activated when we talk about ourselves. We devote between 30 to 40 percent of our conversation time to doing just that. Unfortunately, Bernstein says, some people can't tell the difference between sharing positive information that others might actually want to know and direct bragging. She suggests that bragging involves comparison, whether stated or implied.
“We are expected to be perfect all the time. The result is that more and more people are carefully managing their online images”. says Elizabeth Bernstein, a columnist with the Wall Street Journal.
But the issue is not limited to the Internet. In a fiercely competitive job market we must sell ourselves on multiple platforms and show that we are better than others. In fact, we have become so accustomed to bragging that we don't even realize we are doing it, says Bernstein. This is harmful to our relationships and puts people off.
Bernstein talked to some experts who said that people brag for all sorts of reasons: to appear worthy of attention; to prove to ourselves we are doing fine and that people who said we would fail are wrong; or simply because we're excited when good things happen to us.
“Feel sorry for them, because they're doing this unconscious, destructive thing that won't help them in the long run，” said Professor Simian Valier, a research psychologist at Washington University.
【小題1】The underlined word “subtle” in Para.2 is closest in meaning to “________”．

A．hidden B．a(chǎn)pparent
C．outstanding D．simple
【小題2】Which of the following is one of the features of braggarts?
A．They control conversation and only talk about themselves.
B．They know well how to share positive information.
C．They self­promote to stand out in their career.
D．They don't pay much attention to their online image.
【小題3】What can we infer from the passage?
A．Braggarts make a good first impression but the effect decreases over time.
B．People who like bragging know what they are doing.
C．Braggarts always adopt comparison directly to show they are excellent.
D．They care much about the feelings of others when talking.


【小題1】A
【小題2】C
【小題3】A

解析文章大意：這是一篇議論文。生活中，大話王(braggart)最討人嫌，可是不知不覺(jué)間，我們竟然開始用夸張的語(yǔ)言打造自己的形象。在瘋狂吹噓的背后，其實(shí)是一種自我營(yíng)銷的手段。但是這種方式并不能使自己持久發(fā)展。
【小題1】A　考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)劃線詞后的 “who constantly complain about jobs but really just want to impress others with your important position.” 可知，也許有時(shí)你會(huì)有些低調(diào)，只是不斷抱怨自己的工作，吹噓的并不明顯，但實(shí)際上這只是為了反過(guò)來(lái)顯示自己身居要職，給人留下深刻印象罷了。故與選項(xiàng)中的hidden意思最相近。
【小題2】C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“In a fiercely competitive job market we must sell ourselves on multiple platforms and show that we are better than others”可知，在激烈的職場(chǎng)中，我們必須在多個(gè)平臺(tái)推銷自己來(lái)證明我們比別人更優(yōu)秀，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)only錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第三段“...when we talk about ourselves. We devote between 30 to 40 percent of our conversation time to doing just that.”可知并非僅僅只談?wù)撟约�。根�?jù)第三段“some people can't tell the difference between sharing positive information that others might actually want to know and downright bragging.”他們并不能分辨分享別人想知道的積極的信息與自吹自大的區(qū)別。可知B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。
根據(jù)第四段“The result is that more and more people are carefully managing their online images”，可知D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。
【小題3】A　推理判斷題。盡管大話王可能短時(shí)間給別人留下很深的印象，根據(jù)最后一段Professor Simian Valier所說(shuō)，從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的角度看，隨著時(shí)間推移，這種做法不會(huì)有好處，好印象會(huì)逐漸消退。A正確。B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第五段“we have become so accustomed to bragging that we don't even realize we are doing it” C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“She suggests that bragging involves comparison, whether stated or implied.”可知adopt comparison directly錯(cuò)誤。D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)全文，以及第五段最后一句“This is harmful to our relationships and puts people off.”可推斷，大話王說(shuō)話并未多加考慮別人感受，只是注重自我展示，長(zhǎng)期會(huì)使關(guān)系受損，受人厭惡。

練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

In the case of mobile phones, change is everything. Recent research indicates that the mobile phone is changing not only our culture, but our very bodies as well．
First, let's talk about culture. The difference between the mobile phone and its parent, the fixed-line phone, is that a mobile number corresponds to a person, while a landline goes to a place. If you call my mobile, you get me. If you call my fixed-line phone, you get whoever answers it．
This has several implications（含義）. The most common one, however, and perhaps the thing that has changed our culture forever, is the “meeting” influence. People no longer need to make firm plans about when and where to meet. Twenty years ago, a Friday night would need to be arranged in advance. You needed enough time to allow everyone to get from their place of work to the first meeting place. Now，however, a night out can be arranged on the run. It is no longer “see you there at 8”，but "text me around 8 and we'll see where we all are."
Texting changes people as well. In their paper, “Insights into the Social and Psychological Effects of SMS Text Messaging", two British researchers distinguished between two types of mobile phone users: the “talkers” and the “texters”－those who prefer voice to text messages and those who prefer text to voice.
They found that the mobile phone's individuality and privacy gave texters the ability to express a whole new outer personality. Texters were likely to report that their family would be surprised if they were to read their texts. This suggests that texting allowed texters to present a self-image that differed from the one familiar to those who knew them well．
Another scientist wrote of the changes that mobiles have brought to body language. There are two kinds that people use while speaking on the phone. There is the “speakeasy”: the head is held high, in a self-confident way, chatting away. And there is the “spacemaker”: these people focus on themselves and keep out other people.
Who can blame them? Phone meetings get cancelled or reformed and camera- phones intrude（侵入）on people's privacy. So, it is understandable if your mobile makes you nervous. But perhaps you needn't worry so much. After all, it is good to talk.
【小題1】According to the two British researchers, the social and psychological effects are mostly likely to be seen on                    

A．talkersB．the “speakeasy”C．the “spacemaker"D．texters
【小題2】 We can infer from the passage that the texts sent by texters are
A．quite revealingB．well written
C．unacceptable by othersD．shocking to others
【小題3】According to the passage, who is afraid of being heard while talking on the mobile?
A．Talkers. B．The“speakeasy”
C．The “spacemaker”.D．Texters.
【小題4】Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．The SMS Effect
B．Cultural implications of Mobile Phone Use
C．Changes in the Use of the Mobile
D．Body Language and the Mobile Phone

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Of the thousands of different kinds of animals that exist in the world man has learned to make friends with an enormous number. Some are pets, and offer him companionship; some give protection, and some do hard work which man cannot do for himself. Dogs, which serve man in all three capacities, are found in various species in all countries of the world. The Husky can live in the cold polar regions, and the Saluki is at home in the hottest parts of Central Africa. The inhabitants of certain countries are dependent for their very lives on the camel. In the West Indies the little donkey, strong and sure-footed, carrying heavy loads even in mountainous places, is a familiar sight.
Trained and tamed for many generations, domestic animals are not accustomed to roaming in search of food and shelter. They look to their masters to provide for their needs, and as long as these are supplied, they are content to do what their masters require.
All domestic animals need proper food. It must be suitable for them, sufficient in quantity, fresh and clean. Some people feed a pet dog or cat on odds and ends of table scraps(剩飯), and then wonder why the animal seems tired and dull. The quantity of food depends on the size of the animal and the amount of exercise it takes. Overfeeding is as bad as underfeeding. Containers for food and water must be washed regularly if the animal is to maintain good health.
Even well cared for animals may sometimes fall ill. If this happens, the wise master seeks the best advice he can get. All sorts of medicines and treatments are available for sick animals, and in some countries organizations exist to provide them free or at a cheap price. Useful, friendly, hardworking animals deserve to have some time, money and attention spent on their health.
【小題1】 What main idea does the author want to convey in the first paragraph?

A．There exists thousands of species of animals in the world.
B．Man came to establish a close relationship with a number of animals.
C．In some regions a donkey seems to be a very useful beast.
D．An animal will be useless unless domesticated.
【小題2】 When an animal doesn’t get enough food, it will probably _________.
A．refuse to obey its master B．immediately fall ill
C．require its master to offer some food D．seek for food on its own
【小題3】Which of the following is NOT true of dogs according to the passage?
A．They can act as friends, guards, and servants to man.
B．They have great adaptation for the environment.
C．There live a great variety of species of dogs on the globe.
D．The Husky and the Saluki are the strongest species ever known in the world.
【小題4】 To keep a domestic animal physically fit, its owner is advised _________.
A．not to hesitate to spend enormous amount of money on it
B．to pay attention to its proper feeding
C．not to allow it to take excessive amounts of exercise
D．to join some sort of pet-keeping organizations
【小題5】 Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
A．Domesticated Animals—Man’s Best Friends.
B．Proper Diet—the Road to Health.
C．The Advantages of Raising Domestic Animals.
D．Some Tips on Pet-keeping.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Does Fame Drive You Crazy?
Although being famous might sound like a dream come true, today’s star, feeling like zoo animals, face pressures that few of us can imagine. They are at the center of much of the world’s attention. Paparazzi (狗仔隊(duì)) camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids (小報(bào)) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives. Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature.
According to psychologist Christina Villareal, celebrities — famous people — worry constantly about their public appearance. Eventually, they start to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names. “Over time,” Villareal says, “they feel separated and alone.”
The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages. In the 4th century B.C., painters followed Alexander the Great into battle, hoping to picture his victories for his admirers. When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sold-out readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain (抱怨) about his lack of privacy. Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film-stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do.
Being a public figure today, however, is a lot more difficult than it used to be. Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say something silly or do something ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever.
If fame is so troublesome, why aren’t all celebrities running away from it? The answer is there are still ways to deal with it. Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities. They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place.
Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice. Still, even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are. They are tired of being famous already.
【小題1】It can be learned from the passage that stars today     .

A．a(chǎn)re often misunderstood by the public
B．can no longer have their privacy protected
C．spend too much on their public appearance
D．care little about how they have come into fame
【小題2】What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A．Great heroes of the past were generally admired.
B．The problem faced by celebrities has a long history.
C．Well-known actors are usually targets of tabloids.
D．Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers.
【小題3】What makes it much harder to be a celebrity today?
A．Availability of modern media.
B．Inadequate social recognition.
C．Lack of favorable chances.
D．Huge population of fans.
【小題4】What is the author’s attitude toward modern celebrity?
A．Sincere.B．Sceptical.
C．Disapproving.D．Sympathetic.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Several interesting American museums tell about health subjects. One is the Doctor Samuel D. Harris National Museum of Dentistry. It is at the University of Maryland in Baltimore. That is where the first college in the world to train dentists began. The museum tells about the history of the medical treatment of teeth.
Visitors can see some frightening devices that once were used to remove infected (受感染的) teeth. They also can see sets of teeth made of animal bone. They were made for a famous American -- the first President, George Washington. Most people do not consider a visit to the dentist their idea of a good time. However, the director of the museum says he wanted to make the museum a fun place to visit. He says he also wants to teach visitors about the importance of taking care of their teeth.
Another museum collects devices that help people hear. The Kenneth W. Berger Hearing Aid Museum is at Kent State University in Kent, Ohio. The museum has more than three-thousand hearing aids from around the world. They include old and strange devices. Some hearing aids were made to look like other objects. That is because in the past many people did not want anyone to know they were wearing a hearing aid.
【小題1】 It is common for people to think it uneasy to pay a visit to ____.

A．the University of Maryland B．the Museum of Dentistry
C．the Hearing Aid Museum D．the dentist
【小題2】The text mainly tells about _____.
A．museums in the US
B．interesting American museums
C．American museums with health subjects
D．the history of the medical treatment of teeth
【小題3】What do we learn about George Washington from the text?
A．He once visited the National Museum of Dentistry.
B．He considered the Museum of Dentistry a fun place to visit
C．His artificial teeth were collected in the National Museum of Dentistry.
D．His teeth seemed to be made of animal bone.
【小題4】 The underlined word “devices” in the first and last paragraph probably means _____.
A．museums B．strategies
C．hearing aids D．tools

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

One moment it was quiet and calm in the forest, the next, the air was charged with tension. The elephant had heard the distant alarm calls of animals and her mood suddenly changed. I urged the elephant deeper into the forest. We sounded like a forest fire --- cracking, snapping, trailblazing. But through all the noise came a sharp warning cry. The elephant stopped and we heard it again --- the tell-tale call of a spotted deer.
I looked quickly around the shadows of the forest. Rays of sunlight shone through tree branches, beneath which the patchwork（交錯(cuò)）of green plants and shadows-within-shadows would make tiger stripes（條紋）look more attractive. Apart from an occasional noise from the elephant’s stomach, the forest was silent.
Gradually, the tension slipped from our bodies. The elephant seized a nearby branch and put it into its mouth. I reached forward and gently moved my hand over the elephant’s neck; there was a soft part, free of wrinkles and hairs, behind her ear.
This was my fourth time to sense the aura of the forest in Corbett, although I saw no tigers in the end. Located at the foot of the Himalayan mountains, Corbett is home to about 135 Bengal tigers, but the forest seemed to be guarding their whereabouts（出沒(méi)處）, a silent reminder of their secrecy and rarity. Still, I was happy enough touching the elephant behind the ear. If I had so desperately wanted to see a tiger, I could have gone to a zoo. After all, spotting tigers merely confirms their beauty; tracking them can make you aware of something more.
【小題1】Which of the following was a clear signal of alarm?

A．The elephant stopped.
B．A spotted deer called.
C．The elephant seized a branch.
D．The forest was silent for a while.
【小題2】The author begins his account of the tour in the forest mainly by _______.
A．describing various sounds
B．comparing different animals
C．listing different activities
D．introducing various plants
【小題3】What does the underlined part “to sense the aura” most probably mean?
A．To see the diversity.
B．To enjoy the scenery.
C．To feel the atmosphere.
D．To experience the freedom.
【小題4】How does the author feel after several visits to Corbett?
A．Seeing a Bengal tiger is quite thrilling.
B．It is very time-consuming to travel in Corbett.
C．It is really worthwhile to study the animals in Corbett.
D．The process of finding Bengal tigers is most appealing.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

On Saturday, Feb 12, 2000, two things happened that changed my life.
First of all, my baby sister got married. She was 26 this day, and yet to me she was still my baby sister.
I was happy, but also sad. Gone were the days of me bossing(支使) her around. My bossy behavior had once earned me the nickname Lucy. If you’re a fan of Peanuts, then you can clearly imagine my behavior as an older sister.
At one point, I left the wedding reception to get some air. I went outside and walked to a nearby playground. I’m not sure how long I sat there before my sister came and joined me. We talked about how we were both grown up. As she wiped a tear from my eye, she lovingly said, “You’ll always be Lucy to me.” We hugged.
Then, my cousin Mike walked over to tell us that it was time to cut the cake, and the second thing that changed my life that day came to pass.
“Hey, did you guys hear that Charles Schulz died today?” he said casually – as if it were no big deal. Then he took my sister’s arm and they turned to head back to the reception hall. “Coming?” they asked. “In a minute,” I replied, and I sat back down on the bench, dizzy from what Mike had just told me.
How could Charles Schulz be dead? He was my creator! He was almost like a father to me!
I had lost so many things on that day. My innocence had slipped away like a thief in the night. It was gone before I could do anything about it, taking with it all the treasures that I had held in my heart. I felt myself grow up in an instant. I saw, for the first time, what I really was – a 30-year-old woman with a husband of my own, and soon, a child of my own.
I took a deep breath and stood up from the bench. I turned and headed back to the hall, hoping I hadn’t missed the cutting of the cake. It was the day that my sister grew wings of her own and left the nest – the day that Lucy died, and I was born.
【小題1】Why did the author feel sad at her sister’s wedding?

A．She was afraid of change. 
B．Her sister was getting ready to move far away from her. 
C．Her wonderful childhood with her sister had become a thing of the past. 
D．She had nobody to turn to for help with housework. 
【小題2】When the author’s cousin told her that Charles Schulz had died, she __________.
A．felt a great sense of loss 
B．burst into tears 
C．thought he was joking 
D．got angry at him for his attitude 
【小題3】What is implied when the author says that “Lucy died, and I was born”?
A．The author has realized how her sister must have felt about her and decided to change. 
B．Lucy no longer matters to the author. 
C．The author doesn’t like the nickname Lucy anymore. 
D．The author is no longer sad and ready to face the fact that she is an adult. 
【小題4】The best title of the passage can be __________.
A．Two things changing my life 
B．My baby sister’s wedding 
C．Not Lucy anymore 
D．Not innocent anymore 

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

On a cool November afternoon in Fleming Island, Florida, Melissa Hawkinson, 41, was driving her five-year-old twins home from school when she saw a sudden splash in Doctors Lake just ahead. What was that? She thought. As she drove up to the scene, she saw a half-submerged car sinking about 30 yards offshore. “It was going down pretty quickly,” Hawkinson recalls. She stopped the car near the boat ramp and ran toward the water. Water is going to be cold, she thought.
She took off her vest and leather boots, got into the icy water, and swam to the car, where she found Cameron Dorsey, five, trapped into his car as the swirling water rose around him.
Hawkinson tried to open the door, but it was locked. So she pushed and pulled hard on the partially open window until she could reach through and unlock the door. She pulled the boy free, swam to shore, and handed him off to onlookers who were only watching them on a dock. The driver, the boy’s suicidal father, swam back to land on his own. Afterward, Hawkinson sat on the shore wrapped in a blanket. “For ten or 15 minutes, I couldn’t stop shaking,” she said.
There’s nothing visibly extraordinary about Melissa Hawkinson, an energetic stay-at-home mom with brown hair and a sweet smile. Yet something made her different from the dockside onlookers that day. Why do some people act quickly, willing to take a risk for a stranger? What makes them run toward danger rather than away from it? Hawkinson, the Granite Mountain Hotshots (能手，高手)---19 of whom lost their life this past summer in Arizona--- every hero who puts his or her life on the line to save another: what makes them brave?
Moreover, can bravery be learned, or is it a quality with which you are born? The answer is complex. Bravery taps the mind, brain and heart. It comes from instinct, training and sympathy. Today, neurologists, psychologists and other researchers are studying bravery, trying to uncover the mystery.
【小題1】It can be learned from the passage that _______.

A．Melissa Hawkinson was a 41-year-old nurse
B．it was spring when the accident happened
C．Melissa Hawkinson was picking up her five-year-old son
D．Melissa Hawkinson was kind and courageous.
【小題2】What conclusion can we draw from the third paragraph?
A．Not everyone was ready to risk saving the five-year-old boy..
B．The father committed suicide because of the divorce.
C．The father was saved in the end by Melissa Hawkinson.
D．No one else was available except Melissa Hawkinson.
【小題3】How does the writer find other people on the dockside?
A．Warm and ready to helpB．Thoughtful
C．Kind of cold-bloodedD．Not skillful at swimming
【小題4】What is the writer’s purpose of writing this passage?
A．To set us thinking what makes people brave.
B．To call on us to learn from such people as Hawkinson.
C．To remind people of risk while saving others.
D．To show people bravery can be learned.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Maybe it is true that we do not know what we have got until we lose it, but it is also true that we do not know what we have been missing until it arrives.
It takes an hour to like someone, and a day to love someone, but it takes a lifetime to forget someone. Giving someone all your love is never an assurance that they will love you back. Do not expect love in return; but if it does not, be content it has grown in yours. Do not rely on one’s appearance; it can trick you. Do not rely on wealth; even that fades away. Rely on someone who makes you smile, because it takes only a smile to make a dark day seem bright.
There are moments in life when you miss someone so much that you just want to pick them from your dreams and hug them. Dream what you want to dream; go where you want to go; be what you want to be, because you have only one life and one chance to do all the things you want to do.
The brightest future will always be based on a forgotten past. You cannot go on well in life until you let your past failures and heartaches go off. May you have enough happiness to make you sweet, enough trails to make you strong, enough sorrow to keep you human, enough hope to make you happy. The happiest of people do not necessarily have the best of everything; they just make the most of everything that comes along their way. Happiness waits for those who cry, those appreciate the importance of people who have touched their lives. Always put yourself in others’ shoes. If you feel that it hurts you, it probably hurts the other person, too.
When you were born, you were crying and everyone around you was smiling. Live your life so that when you die, you are the one who is smiling and everyone around you is crying.
【小題1】In this passage, the writer wants to tell us ______.

A．what to do in our life 
B．where to go with other persons 
C．how to treat our life 
D．how to get on well with other persons 
【小題2】Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A．If you give someone your love, you are sure to receive love in return. 
B．We often don’t know what we have lost until it happens someday. 
C．It is wise not to rely on anybody because you are likely to be cheated. 
D．If it takes you a short time to love someone, you will easily forget the person. 
【小題3】If you put yourself in another person’s position, ______.
A．you shouldn’t do what will hurt other people 
B．you should put on other people’s shoes 
C．you should believe in other people 
D．you should depend on your imagination 
【小題4】In the last paragraph the writer is actually telling us that a person in the world should be one who ______.
A．can accept the suggestions made by others 
B．can live happily and forget the past 
C．does good to other people and is respected and loved by them 
D．has made a lot of money for himself before he dies 

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案