The Temple of Heaven is situated(位于)in the southern part of the city．It was built in 1420，covering an area of 273 hectares (公頃)．

    The Temple was the place where the emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties (王朝) worshipped (禮拜) heaven and prayed (祈求) for good harvests．They came here twice a year，on the 15th day of the 1st lunar month and also in winter．After 1530 when the temple was built in the northern suburbs (郊區(qū))，only heaven was worshipped in the temple．

    The Temple of Heaven is regarded as one of the greatest architectural structures in the world．In Beijing four imperial(皇帝的)temples were built during the Ming and Qing dynasties(1368～1911)．At the southern end of the city axis(軸)is the Temple of Heaven．It is the most important of the four．The other three are the Altar(祭壇)of the earth in the north, the Altar of the Moon in the west, and the Altar of the Sun in the east just behind the Beijing Friendship store．All of them are still standing，but the Temple of Heaven is the largest group of temple buildings of its kind in China，nearly four times larger than the Forbidden city(紫禁城)．The whole building was designed in a way that makes you close to heaven．

    In making the heaven－like structures，the designers made good use of the color．sound，figures of the circle and the square，and changes in its height．The combination of building and garden helps to make it appear mysterious and magical．The Temple’s architecture(建筑)has two themes(主題)．0ne is “on the earth” while the other is “in the heaven”．The square-shaped palace for fasting in the west of the temple appears like a “forbidden city” in a smaller size．

    In imperial days，the Chinese people believed that the sky was in circular(圓形的)shape and the earth was square．On the basis of this traditional(傳統(tǒng)的)concept(思想)，the circle was widely adopted(采用)in the design of the temple’s main buildings．It is in accord with people’s imagination of heaven．

1．The Temple was a place where the emperors worshipped　　    .

  A．God and prayed for safety

  B．for Jesus Christ(耶穌基督)and asked for mercy(寬恕)

  C．heaven and prayed for good harvests

  D.  the Buddha (佛) and prayed for wealth

 2. The Temple of Heaven is regarded as one of the greatest　　　　  .

   A. monuments (紀(jì)念碑)　　      B．museums

 C. memorial halls (標(biāo)記)    　　　　 D．architectural structures

3. In Beijing　　   imperial temples were built during the Ming and Qing dynasties

  A. three    B．four    C．no    D．beautiful

4.The Temple of Heaven is the most　　　　 of the four．

  A. important    B．biggest    C．smallest　　 D. beautiful

5. The Temple is in accord with people’s imagination of　　　　　　 .

  A. the earth    B．the moon    C．hell (地獄)  D．heaven

 

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