科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
The human body is a living machine ,and, like all machines, it needs fuel to supply it with energy. This is provided by the food we eat. But how much do we need to stay healthy?
The energy value of food is usually measured in calories. A calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1℃.The number of calories people need per day is different, as the chart below shows. Also, the number of calories you use at any moment normally depends on the activity you are in. For example, you need more calories for standing than for sitting, more for running than for walking, and so on.
The energy in food is mainly in the form of three kinds of chemical materials—carbohydrate（糖類）,protein and fat. Carbohydrate provides 3.8 Cal/gm（calories per gram） of energy, protein 4.0 Cal/gm and fat 8.8 Cal/gm. Each food contains different amounts of these materials, as the second chart shows.
Chart Ⅰ
| CALORIES NEEDED PER DAY | |
| BABY | 750 |
| OFFICE WORKER | 2 700 |
| CHILD AGED 8 | 2 100 |
| WOMAN FEEDING BABY | 2 700 |
| MAN OVER 70 | 2 100 |
| BOY AGED 16 | 3 000 |
| WOMAN | 3 600 |
| FARMER | 2 600 |
Chart Ⅱ
|
| FAT | PROTEIN | CARBOHYDRATE |
| MILK | 30% | 30% | 40% |
| RICE | 5% | 10% | 85% |
| PEANUTS | 60% | 30% | 10% |
1.____ calories are required to raise the temperature of 5 kg of water from 35 ℃ to 90 ℃?
A.55 B.175 C.325 D.275
2.If you lack for calories to support your running activities you’d better take more ____.
A. milk B. peanuts C. rice D. milk and rice
3.We may learn from the charts that ____.
A. a child aged eight requires more than 3 times the amount of calories that a baby does
B. a boy aged sixteen requires nearly twice the amount of calories that a boy aged eight does
C. a mother with a baby to feed uses up more calories than a hard-working farmer each day
D. an old man needs less calories than an 8-year-old boy on account of his less movement
4.Which of the following statements agrees with the passage and the charts above?
A. You need more calories for swimming that for mountain climbing.
B. If you take an equal amount of Vitamin containing the calories you need, you don’t need to eat any food at all.
C. Different people need different amounts of energy depending on their age, sex and the activities they are in.
D.3 grams of milk provides 16.6 calories because carbohydrate provides 3.8 Cal/gm, protein 4.0 Cal/gm, and fat 8.8 Cal/gm.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆重慶市重慶一中高三第三次（5月）月考英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：完型填空
Overweight has been a great concern for some people. In an attempt to keep normal weight, people have 48 tried various methods. Nevertheless, not all the ways are 49 when it comes to health. For weight loss, many people 50 the high-protein, low-carbohydrate(碳水化合物)diets. However, such diets might have 51 harmful long-term effects on the colon (結(jié)腸), a small study indicates.
On average, the study found when the men were on the high-protein diets, they had higher levels of substances known as N-nitrous compounds that have been 52 cancer. And when they were on the high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet, they had lowered amounts of fiber-originated compounds thought to be protective against 53 .
The findings 54 that people should be aware of consuming too much protein and too little fiber over a long period. In general, experts 55 that adults get about 28 grams of fiber per day though—it’s not known whether that’s enough for someone on a high-protein weight-loss diet.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2010-2011廣東深圳高級中學(xué)高三第二次模擬測試英語試卷 題型：填空題
閱讀下列應(yīng)用文及相關(guān)信息，并按照要求匹配信息。請在答題卡上將對應(yīng)題號的相應(yīng)選項字母涂黑 (若選擇E，請涂AB; 若選擇F，請涂CD。)。
首先，請閱讀下列的應(yīng)用文：
A. Chapter One. …you probably have an image in your mind of what the “perfect’ or “ideal” body looks like. Try not to press yourself to look that way. Each person is born with genes that control the shape of his / her body. Everyone is different. It’s important to be comfortable with the body you have.
B. Chapter Two.…You use energy for everything you do. That energy comes from the food you eat. Too much food or too little exercise causes your body to store the extra energy in fat cells. But, if you exercise regularly and eat a healthy diet, you’ll feel healthier and stronger not to mention look great.
C. Chapter Three. … Your body runs best on foods high in carbohydrates and low in fat and sugar. Eating a healthy diet will provide your body with everything it needs to run smoothly. Your body breaks down proteins into amino acids(氨基酸), so you don’t need to take in the amino acids separately.
D. Chapter Four. …Exercise does more than just burn calories. For instance, regular exercise makes your muscles strong and flexible, and increases the amount of muscle you have. It also makes your heart stronger and lowers your blood pressure; …
E. Chapter Five. …Always warm up and stretch for 5-10 minutes before you do strength or endurance exercises. Afterwards, take 10 minutes to cool down. Your heart should beat normally when you stop. Exercising with a group may help you to exercise regularly.
F. Chapter Six. …Supplementation of a mixture of essential amino acids will increase protein synthesis (蛋白質(zhì)綜合體). While supplementing with either carbohydrate or amino acids may limit muscle damage and stimulate protein synthesis, there is increasing evidence that the combination can have an addictive effect.
以下是與上述章節(jié)相關(guān)的讀者，請匹配讀者和他/她需要了解的相關(guān)信息的所在章節(jié)。
【小題1】Charity. He always breathes heavily and his heart beats irregularly when he finishes his exercise. He wonders whether there is something wrong with his body or whether he is not suited for physical exercises.
【小題2】 Wander. She likes eating meat a lot every day as she thinks that meat can provide people with energy. Besides, she does sports on weekends. However, she is not energetic enough to face the pressure.
【小題3】Helly. She has tried many ways of keeping fit, but she still gets fat because of stress from work. She doesn’t look well.
【小題4】Tammy. He is a Grade One college student majoring in gymnastics. He must write a passage about what a healthy body is.
【小題5】Pandy. He is a coach, working in a gym. He will start a new course next month on how to lose weight. For the first few lessons, he is going to talk about why people have to exercise.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年河北石家莊高三二模英語卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
Dieters' who eat meals high in protein might lose a bit more weight than those who get less protein and more carbohydrates (碳水化合物)一all other things being equal, a new analysis of past studies suggests. Researchers found that over an average of 12 weeks, people having a high一protein diet lost about 1.8 extra pounds, and more body fat, than those having a standard-protein diet.
Wycherley from the University of South" Australia in Adelaide, the lead author on the study says it’s possible that the body may spend more energy and bum more calories while dealing with protein, compared to carbohydrates. Another explanation for the link his team observed is that eating protein helps preserve muscle mass and muscle mass bums more calories, even when the body is resting, than other types of mass. He says people in the studies tend to get protein from a variety of animal and vegetable sources. Vegetable sources of protein include beans.
It is not obvious why a higher protein-to-carbohydrate ratio might help people lose more pounds——and one obesity researcher not involved in the new analysis questioned whether the trials were strong enough to make that conclusion. “The studies are generally far too short to tell effect,” Dr. James Levine from the Mayo Clinic in Scottsdale, Arizona, told Reuters Health in an e-mail. But given the limitations of the present evidence, Levine said, “It makes no real difference which of the weight-loss ways one chooses.”
1.According to Wycherley’s analysis, dieters should take in more ______.
A. fat B. carbohydrates C. protein D. calories
2.What can we learn from the studies?
A. It bums more calories to deal with carbohydrates.
B. Protein helps keep muscle mass which bums calories.
C. Vegetables contain more protein than animals.
D. No more calories are burned while the body is resting.
3.What is Levine’s attitude towards the conclusion of the studies?
A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Curious. D. Agreeable.
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科目：高中英語 來源：20102011廣東深圳高級中學(xué)高三第二次模擬測試英語試題 題型：信息匹配
閱讀下列應(yīng)用文及相關(guān)信息，并按照要求匹配信息。請在答題卡上將對應(yīng)題號的相應(yīng)選項字母涂黑 (若選擇E，請涂AB; 若選擇F，請涂CD。)。
首先，請閱讀下列的應(yīng)用文：
A. Chapter One. …you probably have an image in your mind of what the “perfect’ or “ideal” body looks like. Try not to press yourself to look that way. Each person is born with genes that control the shape of his / her body. Everyone is different. It’s important to be comfortable with the body you have.
B. Chapter Two.…You use energy for everything you do. That energy comes from the food you eat. Too much food or too little exercise causes your body to store the extra energy in fat cells. But, if you exercise regularly and eat a healthy diet, you’ll feel healthier and stronger not to mention look great.
C. Chapter Three. … Your body runs best on foods high in carbohydrates and low in fat and sugar. Eating a healthy diet will provide your body with everything it needs to run smoothly. Your body breaks down proteins into amino acids(氨基酸), so you don’t need to take in the amino acids separately.
D. Chapter Four. …Exercise does more than just burn calories. For instance, regular exercise makes your muscles strong and flexible, and increases the amount of muscle you have. It also makes your heart stronger and lowers your blood pressure; …
E. Chapter Five. …Always warm up and stretch for 5-10 minutes before you do strength or endurance exercises. Afterwards, take 10 minutes to cool down. Your heart should beat normally when you stop. Exercising with a group may help you to exercise regularly.
F. Chapter Six. …Supplementation of a mixture of essential amino acids will increase protein synthesis (蛋白質(zhì)綜合體). While supplementing with either carbohydrate or amino acids may limit muscle damage and stimulate protein synthesis, there is increasing evidence that the combination can have an addictive effect.
以下是與上述章節(jié)相關(guān)的讀者，請匹配讀者和他/她需要了解的相關(guān)信息的所在章節(jié)。
1.Charity. He always breathes heavily and his heart beats irregularly when he finishes his exercise. He wonders whether there is something wrong with his body or whether he is not suited for physical exercises.
2. Wander. She likes eating meat a lot every day as she thinks that meat can provide people with energy. Besides, she does sports on weekends. However, she is not energetic enough to face the pressure.
3.Helly. She has tried many ways of keeping fit, but she still gets fat because of stress from work. She doesn’t look well.
4.Tammy. He is a Grade One college student majoring in gymnastics. He must write a passage about what a healthy body is.
5.Pandy. He is a coach, working in a gym. He will start a new course next month on how to lose weight. For the first few lessons, he is going to talk about why people have to exercise.
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