Question

Some students get so nervous before a test; they do poorly even if they know the material. Sian Beilock has studied these highly anxious test-takers.
Sian Beilock: “They start worrying about the consequences. They might even start worrying about whether this exam is going to prevent them from getting into the college they want. And when we worry，it actually uses up attention and memory resources. I talk about it as your cognitive horsepower that you could otherwise be using to focus on the exam.”
Professor Beilock and another researcher，Gerardo Ramirez，have developed a possible solution. Just before an exam，highly anxious test-takers spend ten minutes writing about their worries about the test.
Sian Beilock: “What we think happens is when students put it down on paper，they think about the worst that could happen and they reappraise the situation. They might realize it’s not as bad as they might think it was before and，in essence(本質(zhì)上)，it prevents these thoughts from popping up when they’re actually taking a test.”
The researchers tested the idea on a group of twenty anxious college students. They gave them two short math tests. After the first one, they asked the students to either sit quietly or write about their feelings about the upcoming second test.
The researchers added to the pressure. They told the students that those who did well on the second test would get money. They also told them that their performance would affect other students as part of a team effort.
Professor Beilock says those who sat quietly scored an average of twelve percent worse on the second test. But the students who had written about their fears improved their performance by an average of five percent.
Next, the researchers used younger students in a biology class. They told them before final exams either to write about their feelings or to think about things unrelated to the test.
Prefessor Beilock says highly anxious students who did the writing got an average grade of  B+，compared to a B－ for those who did not.
Sian Beilock: “What we showed is that for students who are highly test-anxious，who’d done our writing intervention(排解)，all of a sudden there was no relationship between test anxiety and performance. Those students most likely to worry were performing just as well as their classmates who don’t normally get nervous in these testing situations.”
But what if students do not have a chance to write about their fears immediately before an exam or presentation? Professor Beilock says students can try it themselves at home or in the library and still improve their performance.
【小題1】Which of the following is TRUE?

A．The result in the math test agrees with that in the biology test.

B．In the first math test, students who sat quietly performed better.

C．In the second math test, students who wrote about their feelings did worse.

D．Some college students are highly anxious test-takers while others are not in the tests.

【小題2】What may happen if students have the problem of test anxiety?

A．Test anxiety is sure to cause students to fail the test.

B．Test anxiety can improve students’ performance to some degree.

C．Students’ attention and memory resources run out when worried.

D．Students may not be admitted into their favorite college if worried

【小題3】The result of the research suggests that ________．

A．proper amount of burden may turn out to be a good thing

B．facing the fears bravely may help one to achieve more

C．a(chǎn)voiding facing the problem may contribute to relaxation

D．taking no action before difficulty may result in success

【小題4】What is the main idea of the passage?

A．It is important for students to overcome test anxiety.

B．Anxious students overcome test anxiety by writing down fears.

C．It is a common practice for students being worried before a test.

D．Being worried before tests does harm to students’ performance.

Answer 1

【小題1】A
【小題2】C
【小題3】B
【小題4】B

解析試題分析：本文主要分析了如何避免考試焦慮癥的影響，可以通過(guò)將自己的焦慮寫(xiě)下來(lái)，從而對(duì)克服考試焦慮癥有了相當(dāng)大的作用。
【小題1】判斷題。第一場(chǎng)考試中，文章并沒(méi)有進(jìn)行比較，B答案偷換概念。由Professor Beilock says those who sat quietly scored an average of twelve percent worse on the second test. But the students who had written about their fears improved their performance by an average of five percent.可知，第二場(chǎng)考試中，寫(xiě)了感受的學(xué)生表現(xiàn)的更好。故C錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)文章并未提到當(dāng)別的學(xué)生沒(méi)在考試時(shí)，一些學(xué)生會(huì)變得焦慮。故D錯(cuò)誤，由Prefessor Beilock says highly anxious students who did the writing got an average grade of B+, compared to a B- for those who did not. Prefessor Beilock說(shuō)高度焦慮的學(xué)生考試前寫(xiě)下了他們的擔(dān)憂，拿到了B+，而沒(méi)有寫(xiě)的只拿到了B-，因此，考試前寫(xiě)下?lián)鷳n的學(xué)生結(jié)果要好一些，與數(shù)學(xué)測(cè)試的結(jié)果是一致的，故本題答案為A。
【小題2】細(xì)節(jié)題。由第二段的句子：when we worry, it actually uses up attention and memory resources.當(dāng)我們擔(dān)心時(shí)，事實(shí)上，它會(huì)消耗盡我們的注意力和精力，因此，可知，答案為C
【小題3】推理判斷題。文章倒數(shù)第三段的內(nèi)容和第二段最后一句話表明勇敢的面對(duì)恐懼會(huì)讓學(xué)生取得更好的成績(jī)，選B。
【小題4】主旨題。文章主要是講了如何減少焦慮對(duì)考試的影響，方法是可以將恐懼，焦慮寫(xiě)下來(lái)，從而可以減輕這種影響，并通過(guò)兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明，所以選B,克服考試焦慮的方法是可以將擔(dān)憂寫(xiě)下來(lái)。
考點(diǎn)：考查教育類(lèi)短文