13.During the teenage years,hormonal (荷爾蒙的) changes lead to physical changes like rapid muscle growth,burst in height,and weight gain in both boys and girls.Take a look at the information and height and weight charts(圖表) for teens presented in this article if the question"How much should I weigh for my age and height"is bothering you.
Average Height and Weight Charts for Teens
Faster growth in kids usually can be noticed at age 8.Genetic factors also affect the physical growth of a child.So,it is perfectly normal for two kids of the same age to have different weights and heights.The following figures should be used as guidelines only.
For BoysFor Girls
AgeHeightWeightHeightWeight
in yearsin inchesin poundsin inchesin pounds
12-1358-6285-10060-6395-105
14-1563-66105-12563-64105-115
16-1767-70130-15064115-120
18-2068-70150-16064125-130
Ideal Body Fat Percentage
Fit men have 14%-17% body fat.
Fit women have 21%-24% body fat.
Male athletes have 6%-13% body fat.
Female athletes have 14%-20% body fat.
The ideal body fat percentage varies mainly according to age,sex and the physical activity of the in-dividual.But it is a fact that some female athletes have body fat as low as  10% and some male athletes had lower than 4% body fat.So,it can be observed that other than the above mentioned factors,genetic factors also influence the body-fat ratio.
Body Mass Index (BMI)
You may use the following formula to calculate your BMI:
As per SI Units (國際單位):BMI=mass (kg)/[height (meters)]2
Imperial (英制的) Units 1:BMI=mass (Ib.) x703/[height (in.)]2
Imperial Units 2:BMI=mass (Ib.) x 4.88/[height (ft)]2
Following conclusions can be derived from (得到) calculating the BMI:
BMI CalculatedConclusion
BMI 18.5~25Normal or ideal weight
BMI>25Overweight
BMI<18.5Underweight
BMI<17.5Extremely underweight
BMI=30 or BMI>30Obese(病態(tài)肥胖的)
BMI=40 or BMI>40Extremely obese
25.According to the Average Height and Weight Charts for Teens,C.
A.girls keep on growing taller during the teenage years
B.girls grow faster at the end of teenager years than boys
C.girls grow faster at the beginning of teenager years than boys
D.boys'average weight is always heavier than girls'during the teenage years
26.Which of the following statements about ideal body fat percentage is RIGHT?D
A.Fit men have higher body fat percentage than fit women.
B.Male athletes have higher body fat percentage than fit men.
C.Female athletes have lower body fat percentage than male athletes.
D.Male athletes have much lower body fat percentage than female athletes.
27.After calculating the BMI,you can reach the conclusion whetherA.
A.your weight is normal               
B.your hormone level is normal
C.your height is right for your age       
D.your body fat percentage is ideal
28.If a boy is 1.5 meters in height and weighs 68 kilograms,then he isB.
A.normal                        B.obese        
C.extremely obese               D.underweight.

分析 在青少年期間,荷爾蒙的改變會導致身體的變化,在身高和體重上都會改變,男孩和女孩的變化是不一樣的.身高和體重的變化是否正常,本文給出了具體的計算方式.

解答 25.C,細節(jié)理解題,從圖表For Boys 12-13歲,身高58-62inches;For Girls 12-13歲,身高60-63 inches,可知在青少年初期女孩比男孩長得快,故答案為C.
26.D,細節(jié)理解題,根據(jù)Ideal Body Fat Percentage部分所提到的Male athletes have 6%-13% body fat.Female athletes have 14%-20% body fat.從這里可看出男運動員比女運動員有更低的脂肪,故答案為D.
27.A,推理判斷題,根據(jù)Body Mass Index (BMI)這一部分,BMI Calculated計算結(jié)果是BMI 18.5~25,得出結(jié)論"正常或理想的體重";計算結(jié)果是BMI>25,得出結(jié)論Overweight"超重",所以可知通過計算the BMI可得出你的體重是否正常的結(jié)論,故答案為A.
28.B,推理判斷題,根據(jù)Body Mass Index (BMI)中的計算方法,這個1.5米高,重68千克的男孩的BMI是體重除以身高的平方約等于30.7,根據(jù)圖表中的BMI=30 or BMI>30,說明是Obese(病態(tài)肥胖的),故答案為B.

點評 解答任務型閱讀理解題,首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽,掌握全文的主旨大意.因為閱讀理解題一般沒有標題,所以,速讀全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速讀的過程中,應盡可能多地捕獲信息材料.其次,細讀題材,各個擊破.掌握全文的大意之后,細細閱讀每篇材料后的問題,弄清每題要求后,帶著問題,再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息.最后,要善于抓住每段的主題句,閱讀時,要有較強的針對性.對于捕獲到的信息,要做認真分析,仔細推敲,理解透徹,只有這樣,針對題目要求,才能做到穩(wěn)、準.

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