Question

 

Someday a stranger will read your e-mail without your permission or scan the Website you've visited，Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits.

In fact, it's likely that some of these things have already happened to you. Who would watch you without your permission? It might be a spouse, a girl friend, a marketing company, a boss, a cop or a criminal. Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen ---- the 21st century replacement of being caught naked.

Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, that it's important to reveal yourself to friends, family and lovers in stages, at appropriate times. But few boundaries remain. The digital bread crumbs(碎屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are, where you are and what you like. In some cases, a simple Google search can reveal what you think. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret.

The key question is: Does that matter?

For many Americans, the answer apparently is "no."

When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. A survey found a strong bad feeling about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is "slipping away, and that bothers me."

But people say one thing and do another. Only a tiny part of Americans change any behaviors in an effort to preserve their privacy. Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths(收費站) to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track automobile movements. And few turn down supermarket loyalty cards. Privacy economist Alessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will give away personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon(優(yōu)惠卷)。

But privacy does matter ---- at least sometimes. It's like health: When you have it, you don't notice it. Only when it's gone do you wish you'd done more to protect it.

1.What does the author mean by saying "the 21st century replacement of being caught naked"?

A) People's personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge.

B) In the 21st century people try every means to look into others' secrets.

C) People tend to be more frank with each other in the information age.

D) Criminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technology.

2.What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends?

A) Friends should open their hearts to each other.

B) Friends should always be faithful to each other.

C) There should be a distance even between friends.

D) There should be fewer arguments between friends.

3.Why does the author say "we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret"？

A) Modern society has finally developed into an open society.

B) People leave traces around when using modern technology.

C) There are always people who are curious about others' affairs.

D) Many search engines benefit from giving away people's identities.

4.What do most Americans do as for privacy protection?

A) They change behaviors that might disclose their identity.

B) They use various loyalty cards for business transactions(交易).

C) They rely most and more on electronic devices.

D) They talk a lot but hardly do anything about it.

5.According to the passage, privacy is like health because ___.

A) people will make every effort to keep it.   

B) its importance is rarely understood

C) it is something that can easily be lost    

 D) people don't treasure it until they lose it

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.A）［精解］ 段首處設(shè)題。根據(jù)第二段，第一句話，我們得知有人會在未經(jīng)允許的情況下竊取我們的個人信息，如第一段所說的電子郵件、網(wǎng)址、信用卡購物及電話等，我們的個人信息赤裸裸地暴露給陌生人，毫無遮掩。A）中的 is easily accessed without their knowledge 同義與原文中的 watch you without your permission。

2.C）［精解］根據(jù)題干中關(guān)鍵詞psychologist、friend定位到第三段第一、二句話。心理學(xué)家認為與他人保持一定界限是有益的，雖然會向朋友、家人、愛人傾訴，但是有一些事情是有底線和界限的。C）中的distance同義與原文中的boundary，跟本段第二句話 but few boundaries remain 意義一致。

3.B）［精解］第三段第三句話告訴我們：我們在使用高科技時所留下的點滴信息都會為陌生人了解我們提供線索。例如谷歌搜索引擎就會泄漏我們的想法。因此進一步得出結(jié)論：我們正生活在一個連保守秘密都很困難的世界里。B）中的trace 同義于原文中的digital bread crumbs所暗示的意思。

4.D）［精解］根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句得知，people say one thing and do another，即言行不一。隨后舉例說明，美國人為了一點利益而提供個人信息。D）符合題意。

5.D）［精解］段末處設(shè)題。作者把隱私同健康作比較，當(dāng)擁有時，不曾注意到它，一旦失去才知其珍貴。D）中cherish同 wish you’d have done more 意義一致。