Grandparents who help out occasionally with childcare in their community tend to live longer than seniors who do not care for other people，according to a study from Berlin，Germany.

“Having no contact with grandchildren at all can negatively impact grandparents’ health. This link could be deeply rooted in our evolutionary past when help with childcare was important for the survival of the human species，”said Sonja Hilbrand，one of the researchers.

The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70．Overall，after accounting for grandparents’age and general state of health，the risk of dying over a 20-year period was one-third lower for grandparents who cared for their grandchildren，compared with grandparents who provided no childcare．

Caregiving was associated with a longer life even when the care receiver wasn’t a relative. Half of a 11 childless seniors who provided support to friends or neighbors lived for seven years after the study began，while non-helpers lived for four years on average.

“Caregiving may give caregivers a purpose of life because they may feel useful for others and society．Caregiving may be thought also as an activity that keeps caregivers physically and mentally active，” said Professor Bruno Arpino．

Arpino noted，however，that caregiving is not the only activity that can improve health and that too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities like working，being in social clubs，or volunteering．“Children should take into account their parents’ needs，willingness，and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare，” he suggested．

“It is very important that every individual decides for him／herself，what proper amounts of help’ means，”Hilbrand said，adding，“As long as you do not feel stressed about the intensity(強(qiáng)度) of help you provide you may be doing something good for others as well as for yourself．”

1.What is the caregiving study based on?

A. Human evolutionary history． B. Demand modern society．

C. Social contact between relatives． D. Data on many elderly people．

2.In Arpino’s opinion，childcare________．

A. is sure to keep old people away from illnesses

B. allows old people to live a more meaningful life

C. creates more job opportunities for old people

D. makes social activities inaccessible to old people

3.What does the underlined part “take into account” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?

A. Limit． B. Ignore． C. Favor． D. Consider．

4.What does the last paragraph tell us?

A. Grandparents can do anything in their own interests．

B. Grandparents should share more social responsibilities．

C. Proper amounts of childcare do good to grandparents．

D. Caregiving guarantees every grandparent a longer life.

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____________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

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