Question

Imagine your body is like the house you live in. Every day, your family creates rubbish. The rubbish builds up until it is put out for the weekly garbage collection.  

Now, say you put three bags of garbage out, but because one of the collectors was away sick, only two bags are collected. You take the leftover bag inside to be put out again next week. The following week you put out another three bags, plus the leftover bag from last week. But again, only two bags are collected. Imagine this cycle is repeated over the following weeks.  

This is a simple description of what happens to your body when your kidneys（腎臟）don’t work efficiently. Your body is not thoroughly emptied of waste products. Other areas of the body such as blood pressure and red blood cell production are affected and the insidious process that may lead to kidney failure begins.  

It’s not uncommon for people to lose up to 90 percent of their kidney function before developing any symptoms. There may be no warning signs. This makes early detection difficult.  

Kidneys’ main job is to remove toxins（毒素）and unwanted water from our blood. Every day our kidneys clean an average of 200 litres of blood. Kidney failure may be a gradual and silent process, going unnoticed because there is no apparent（顯而易見(jiàn)的）pain.  

Research shows that more than 25% of all patients found to require dialysis（透析）do not see a kidney specialist until less than 90 days before dialysis starts. Some risk factors（因素）for kidney disease such as age and genetic make-up are out of our control, however, some changes in lifestyle may help prevent kidney damage. Two major risk factors for kidney disease, diabetes and high blood pressure, have been on the rise over the last few decades. Both conditions are chiefly affected by being overweight and not getting enough exercise, which are the potential factors for the disease.  

 

71．The author gives the example of the house we live in to indicate that _____.  

A．it’s safe and harmless for our body to keep some waste  

B．it doesn’t matter much if the waste in our body is not emptied in time.  

C．it’s important for our body to empty the waste in time every day  

D．our body will not produce any waste if our kidneys work efficiently  

72．The underlined word “insidious”（in Paragraph 3）means _____.  

A．gradual and unnoticed         B．a(chǎn)pparent and fast  

C．smooth and safe                 D．painful and long  

73．We can infer that when we find some symptoms related to our kidneys, _____.  

A．the kidney failure begins  

B．the kidneys may have been seriously damaged  

C．we have lost about 10 percent of kidney function  

D．the kidneys can still work properly  

74．How many factors of kidney disease are mentioned in the passage?  

A．Three.          B．Four.         C．Five.         D．Six.  

75．Which of the following helps prevent kidney damage?  

A．Go to see a kidney specialist shortly before dialysis starts.  

B．Go to see a kidney specialist whenever you find any warning sign.  

C．Try to keep low blood pressure and a stable lifestyle.  

D．Take enough exercise and make early detection of kidney disease.  

Answer 1

CABDD