5．Five years ago，David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day．"I was a clothes addict，"he jokes．"I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled．"Today David wears casual clothes-khaki pants and sports shirt-to the office．He hardly ever wears a necktie．"I'm working harder than ever，"David says，"and I need to feel comfortable．"
More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work．In the United States，the change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual．In the early 1990s，many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday，but only on Friday．This became known as"dress-down Friday"or"casual Friday"．"What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing．"said business consultant Maisly Jones．
Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes？One reason is that it's easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code．"A lot of young people don't want to dress up for work，"says the owner of a software company，"so it's hard to hire people if you have a conservative （保守的） dress code．"Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes．In a study conducted by Levi Strauss Company，85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale（士氣）．Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a negative effect on productivity．Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money．"Suits are expensive，if you have to wear one every day，"one person said．"For the same amount of money，you can buy a lot more casual clothes．"
28．David Smith refers to himself as"a clothes addict，"becauseC．
A．he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt
B．he couldn't stand a clean appearance
C．he wanted his clothes to look neat all the time
D．he didn't want to spend much money on clothes
29．David Smith wears casual clothes now，becauseA．
A．they make him feel at ease when working
B．he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes
C．he looks handsome in casual clothes
D．he no longer works for any company
30．According to this passage，which of the following statements is TRUE？C
A．Company workers started to dress down every day about twenty years ago．
B．Comfortable clothes make employees more productive．
C．Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 1990s．
D．Many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people．
31．In this passage，the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned exceptB．
A．saving employees'money             
B．making employees more attractive
C．improving employees'motivation     
D．making employees happier．

分析 從20世紀90年代起，美國許多公司開始允許員工星期五可以不統(tǒng)一著裝上班．現(xiàn)在越來越多的公司許可領(lǐng)員工穿便裝上班了，這對調(diào)節(jié)他們的心情，調(diào)動其工作熱情有一定的作用．

解答 28．C．細節(jié)理解題．大衛(wèi)自嘲以前是服裝愛好者，衣服一起皺，他就得換上備穿的服裝；故選C．
29．A．細節(jié)理解題．從第 1 段最后一句話"I'm working harder than ever，"David says，"and I need to feel comfortable．"可知David Smith現(xiàn)在穿休閑服，因為他們讓他安心工作時；故選A．
30．C．細節(jié)理解題．從第 2 段最后 1 句"What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing．"可知dress-down自20世紀90年代以來成為一種日�，F(xiàn)象；故選C．
31．B．推理判斷題．通讀最后一段可知休閑服有以下優(yōu)點為雇員省錢，提高雇員的工作熱情，使雇主高興等三條，故選B．

點評 考察學(xué)生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．

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