Question

We are all interested in equality, but while some people try to protect the school and examination system in the name of equality, others, still in the name of equality, want only to destroy it.

Any society which is interested in equality of opportunity and standards of achievement must regularly test its pupils. The standards may be changed ---- no examination is perfect ---- but to have no external(外部的)tests or examinations would mean the end of equality and of standards. There are groups of people who oppose this view and who do not believe either in external examinations or in any controls in schools or on teachers. This would mean that everything would depend on luck since every pupil would depend on the efficiency, the ideal and the purpose of each teacher.

Without external examinations, employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to them ---- a form of favoritism will replace equality. At the moment, the bright child from an ill-respected school can show certificates（證書）to prove he or she is suitable for a job, while the lack of a certificate shows the unsuitability of a dull child attending a well - respected school. This defense of excellence and opportunity would disappear if external examinations were taken away, and the bright child from a poor family would be a prisoner of his or her school's fame, unable to compete for employment with the child from the favored school.

The opponents（對手）of the examination system suggest that examinations are an evil force because they show differences between pupils. According to these people, there must be no special, different, academic class. They have even suggested that there should be no form of difference in sport or any other area: all jobs or posts should be filled by unsystematic selection. The selection would be made by people who themselves are probably selected by some computer.

These people are not just against school organization, but are at war with the whole idea of modem competitive society and they are using children in schools for their destructive purposes. There is no reason why we should allow such people to determine the way our schools are organized when it is to the obvious disadvantage of the pupils, of the schools and of our society as a whole.

41．According to the passage, the writer thinks that ________.

A. changing the standards could mean the end of equality

B. standards must keep changing in order to achieve equality

C. there would be no standards without external examinations

D. we cannot have standards because examinations are not perfect

42．In the writer's opinion, what would happen if external examinations were taken away?

A. There would be no more opportunities and no more excellence.

B. Children from poor families would not be able to change schools.

C. Going to a favored school should be the only way to get a good job.

D. Schools for bright children would lose their fame.

43．The situation at the moment is that ________.

A. many children who are suitable for a job have no proof of their suitability

B. a school's fame is not important, as long as a child has a certificate.

C. children attending well - respected schools need not get certificates.

D. a bright child doesn't need a certificate a t all to get a good job.

44．Which of the following sentences is TRUE?

A. Most students from poor families can't get a good job.

B. Some people are using students to destroy our society.

C. The writer thinks it a good way to choose a job by computer.

D. The opponents of the examination want to reorganize schools.

45．The opponents would agree that _________.

A. computers should be selected to take over many jobs

B. particular people should not be chosen for particular jobs

C. well-respected schools should be got rid of as soon as possible

D. the students are not equally treated if they take external examinations

Answer 1

41．C

42．A

43．B

44．D

45．D

【解析】

試題分析：本文敘述了我們都感興趣的平等,但有些人試圖保護學(xué)校和考試制度的名義,其他人,仍然以平等的名義,只是想摧毀它。對于學(xué)生參加考試不同的人有不同的觀點。

41．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)but to have no external(外部的)tests or examinations would mean the end of equality and of standards.沒有外在的考試就不會有平等和標準的存在，故選C。

42．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)This defense of excellence and opportunity would disappear if external examinations were taken away,如果取消考試將沒有更多的機會和更多的好處，故選A。

43．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)At the moment, the bright child from an ill-respected school can show certificates（證書）to prove he or she is suitable for a job, 學(xué)校的知名度不重要只要學(xué)生有畢業(yè)證就行，故選B。

44．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)These people are not just against school organization,反對考試的人要重組學(xué)校，故選D。

45．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)that examinations are an evil force because they show differences between pupils.有考試是對學(xué)生的不公平，故選D。

考點：教育類短文閱讀。

點評：細節(jié)理解題是閱讀理解題中必考的一種題型，其解題依據(jù)主要在閱讀材料中找。這種題型可以用“重現(xiàn)”的方法來解答。所謂“重現(xiàn)”，就是指某一個單詞或短語的同義、反義、上下義、同根詞或原詞在文中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象。