3.Below is a selection from a book on how to communicate with gestures.
When travelling to a different country,your safest bet is to limit gestures as much as possible.However,you may find that your gestures happen out of habit.Understanding gestures of the country you are visiting may prevent you from communicating the wrong message.In North America,eye contact (接觸) communicates to the speaker that you're interested and listening.In Asia,people look away to concentrate on what the speaker is saying.Taking the time to familiarize yourself with the gestures of the country you are visiting will help you connect with the people of the foreign environment,Lydia Ramsey writes in"Manners That Sell".
Gestures in Brazil
Muck like the Italian culture,a Brazilian snaps his fingers (打響指) and uses exaggerated (夸張的) hand movements when emphasizing a statement.The sense of warmth and friendliness with each other is shown through the gesture of eye contact when communicating and standing close together in lineups or when talking to each other.Communicating a greeting is more than the gesture of a handshake,but also involves the touch of the forearm,according to the Nonverbal Communication Web Project's Charlene Wu.
Gestures in China
China is influenced by Confucius'way of thinking,which is reflected through its culture.You communicate a greeting in China with the gesture of a slight nod and bow.To communicate respect,you keep your head lowered.In china,the gesture of standing close during a conversation prevents having to communicate with a raised voice.A person will communicate her surprise during a conversation with the gesture of breathing in air loudly,rather than a loud outburst.
Gestures in Russia
Gestures considered common to Americans may be considered rude in Russia.The American gesture to communicate"okay",with the forefinger and thumb touching and three fingers up,is considered rude in Russia.Looking at your watch is a rude gesture communicating impatience.Russians also feel upset about the gesture of communicating direction by pointing.
Gestures in India
Gestures used in India are representative (有代表性的) of its traditional culture.In India,the gesture of holding out the hand to communicate giving or receiving must be done with the right hand as a person in India uses her left hand for washing.The gesture of communicating respect at a religious ceremony is done by removing your shoes.The proper way of communicating direction is to use either the whole hand or by using your chin (下巴).The proper form of communicating a greeting is to press the palms together with fingers upward and say,"Namaste".
29.The passage is mainly aboutC.
A.some traveling tips for visitors
B.the advantage of using body language
C.some gestures in different cultures
D.the comparison between different cultures
30.The underlined word"familiarize"probably meansA.
A.Make someone understand
B.Look like somebody
C.Get interested in something
D.Become a member of a family
31.In China people stand close while talking simply toC.
A.express their respect
B.show their surprise
C.a(chǎn)void making a loud voice
D.communicate a greeting
32.In India,a proper way of greeting isD.
A.touching the forearm
B.keeping your head lowered
C.shaking hands with the left hand
D.pressing the palms together upward.
分析 本文屬于說(shuō)明文閱讀,作者通過(guò)這篇文章主要向我們描述了一本關(guān)于如何選擇與手勢(shì)溝通的書.
解答 29.C.推理判斷題.根據(jù)第一段However,you may find that your gestures happen out of habit.Understanding gestures of the country you are visiting may prevent you from communicating the wrong message可知文章主要是關(guān)于在不同的文化手勢(shì)含義;故選C.
30.A.詞義猜測(cè)題.根據(jù)第一段Taking the time to familiarize yourself with the gestures of the country you are visiting will help you connect with the people of the foreign environment花時(shí)間去熟悉你所去國(guó)家的手勢(shì)可以幫助你與外環(huán)境的人聯(lián)系;可知意為使某人明白;故選A.
31.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第三段In china,the gesture of standing close during a conversation prevents having to communicate with a raised voice可知中國(guó)人站得很近在對(duì)話中是為了避免發(fā)出很大的聲音;故選C.
32.D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)最后一段The proper form of communicating a greeting is to press the palms together with fingers upward and say,"Namaste可知在印度,正確的問(wèn)候方式是手心向上的;故選D.
點(diǎn)評(píng) 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進(jìn)行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí),要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.