20．A new study has found that it may be possible to train people to be more intelligent （聰明的），increasing the brainpower they had at birth．
Until now，it has been widely supposed that the kind of mental ability that allows us to solve new problems without having any relevant （相關(guān)的） former experience-what psychologists （心理學(xué)家） call fluid intelligence-is innate and cannot be taught （though people can raise their grades on tests of it by practicing）．
But in the new study，researchers describe a method for improving this skill，along with experiments to prove it works．
The key，researchers found，was carefully structured training in working memory-the kind that allows memorization of a telephone number just long enough to dial it．This type of memory is closely related to fluid intelligence，so the researchers reasoned that improving it might lead to improvements in fluid intelligence．
First they measured fluid intelligence of volunteers using standard tests．Then they trained each in a complicated memory task-the child's card game，in which they had to recall a card they saw and heard．During the course，they needed to ignore irrelevant items，monitor ongoing performance，manage two tasks at the same time and connect related items to one another in space and time．
The four groups experienced a half-hour of training daily for 8，12，17and 19days，separately．To make sure they were not just improving their test-taking skills，the researchers compared them with control groups that took the tests without the training．
The results，published Monday in The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences，were striking．Improvement in the trained groups was a lot greater．Moreover，the longer they trained，the higher their scores were．All performers，from the weakest to the strongest，showed great improvement．
"Our results show you can increase your intelligence with proper training．"said Dr Jaeggi，a co-author of the paper．"No one knows how long the gains will last after training stops，"he added，"and the experiment's design did not allow the researchers to determine whether more training would continue to produce further gains．"
53．The researchers thought the key to improving the intelligence wasB．
A．memorizing telephone numbers
B．improving working memory
C．training in attention
D．recalling a card
54．Which of the following training ways help increase intelligence？D
a．ignoring irrelevant items
b．monitoring ongoing performance
c．making connections
d．working in groups
A．a(chǎn)，b，d． B．b，c，d． C．a(chǎn)，c，d． D．a(chǎn)，b，c．
55．When the experiment was conducted，the researchersC．
A．trained the four groups for the same period of time
B．trained the four groups at different time of the day
C．compared the four groups with control groups
D．trained the four groups together
56．By writing the article，the writer wants toA．
A．inform the readers of a new study
B．call on people to be trained to increase intelligence
C．tell people the improved intelligence will last forever
D．say the more one is trained，the more one's born intelligence improves．
分析 這是一篇科普類閱讀文章，講的是新的一項研究表明，通過訓(xùn)練可以使人變得更聰明，以增加他們與生俱來的腦力，下面就看看這項令人振奮的研究吧！
解答 53-56BDCA 53．答案 B 細節(jié)理解題 根據(jù)根據(jù)第四段第一句話可The key，researchers found，was carefully structured trainingin working memory 可以得知提高智力的關(guān)鍵是提高人的工作記憶，故答案選B．
54．答案 D 細節(jié)理解題 根據(jù)第五段最后一句話During the course，they neededto ignore irrelevant items，monitor ongoing performance，manage two tasks at the same time andconnect related items to one another in space and time．描述可知不包括working in groups，故答案選D．
55．答案 C 細節(jié)理解題 根據(jù)第六段第二句話To make sure they were not just improving their test-takingskills，the researchers compared themwith control groups that took the tests without the training．描述可知選項C正確，其他敘述有誤，故答案為C．
56．答案 A 主旨歸納題 根據(jù)文章的第一句A new study has found that itmay be possible to train people to be more intelligent，描述可知這篇文章介紹的是一項研究表明，通過訓(xùn)練可以使人變得更聰明，故答案為A
點評 首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意．因為閱讀理解題一般沒有標題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應(yīng)盡可能多地捕獲信息材料．
其次，細讀題材，各個擊破．掌握全文的大意之后，細細閱讀文章后的問題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息． 要善于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時，要有較強的針對性．對于捕獲到的信息，要做認真分析，仔細推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對題目要求，才能做到穩(wěn)、準．
